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Biomedical subjects

N Taniguchi

Publications and source records attributed to N Taniguchi.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Physiochemical and immunochemical characterization of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase from yolk sak tumor and ascitic hepatoma (AH-66) cells.

gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidases, purified from rat yolk sac tumor and AH-66 hepatoma cell lines resemble this enzyme system from rat kidney in their amino acid composition and antigenicity, but differ by having a higher carbohydrate content. The different carbohydrate contents resulted in the tumor cell and rat kidney enzymes having different molecular weights. Isoelectric focusing of the neuraminidase-treated enzymes showed that a substantial portion of the enzymes from yolk sac tumor and AH-66 cells shifted to a form with an isoelectric point at pH 7.4. However, a heterogeneous pattern was still found in the kidney enzyme even after extensive neuraminidase treatment.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1981

[Influence of cefotiam (SCE-963, CTM) on bowel flora (author's transl)].

The influence on bowel flora of CTM was studied in 5 children who were taking normal diet. 1) In the cases following no diarrhea, administration of CTM caused no significant changes in bowel flora. In the cases following diarrhea, administration of CTM caused a fall in coliform, BEP group, Lactobacillus and Peptostreptococcus. However, after the administration was discontinued, the reduced bowel flora was returned to the normal range within a few days. 2) No overgrowth of bowel flora by Pseudomonas, Clostridium difficile or Candida was observed. 3) One strain of nontoxigenic Clostridium difficile was observed in the case of following no diarrhea. 4) As for the side effects, diarrhea was observed in 2 cases. BEP group: Nonspore making anaerobic Gram positive rods of Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium, Propionibacterium.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

Developmental changes in humoral suppressor activity released from concanavalin A-stimulated human lymphocytes on B cell differentiation.

Cell-free culture supernatants (Con A-activated supernatants) were obtained by incubating peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from cord blood, healthy children of various ages, and healthy adults with mitogenic doses of concanavalin A (Con A) for 48 hr. It is well known that human T lymphocytes are activated by Con A to manifest suppressor function in vitro. One mechanism whereby these suppressor cells act has been shown to be by the secretion of a soluble suppressor factor. The present study has investigated the Con A-inducible suppressor cell function in cord blood, children of various ages, and adults by comparing the ability of each Con A-activated supernatant to inhibit the generation of immunoglobulin-producing cells (Ig-PC) in pokeweed mitogen- (PWM) stimulated cultures of adult PBL. Con A-activated supernatants from adults could markedly suppress the generation of Ig-PC by allogeneic as well as autologous PBL in response to PWM. Such suppression appeared to be equally effective on the generation of IG-PC of 3 major classes, IgG, IgM, and IgA. On the contrary, Con A-activated supernatants from cord blood and newborn infants showed only a negligible suppression on PWM-induced adult B cell differentiation. But the suppressor activity found in Con A-activated supernatants gradually increased with advancing age, and reached approximately to the adult level at 4 yr of age or later. The results suggest that human T lymphocytes may be relatively deficient in their Con A-induced suppressor cell function in the early period of life.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Expression of Forssman antigen synthesis and degradation in human lung cancer.

The activities of the two enzymes (UDP-acetylgalactosamine-globoside alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase and alpha-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminidase) involved in the synthesis and degradation of Forssman antigen were studied in uninvolved and neoplastic human lungs. The Forssman synthetic enzyme activities of 17 of 18 squamous cell carcinomas were higher than those of the uninvolved lung tissues of the subjects studied, and the degradation enzyme activities of 16 of 18 squamous cell carcinomas were higher than those of the uninvolved portions. No consistent abnormalities in both enzyme activities were seen in 28 adenocarcinomas, whereas the mean activities of the two enzymes were elevated in these neoplasms. These differences in enzyme activities between those samples may indicate that the synthesis and degradation of Forssman antigen in adenocarcinoma of the lung are expressed or repressed according to the individual, whereas in squamous cell carcinoma, these activities are expressed unrelated to the individual.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Humoral helper activity for B-cell differentiation released from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells having both SRBC and complement receptors in the pokeweed mitogen system.

The majority of lymphoid cells from a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with leukemic transformation were demonstrated to carry receptors for both sheep erythrocytes and complements by the combined rosette assay using neuraminidase-treated sheep erythrocytes and complement-coated zymosan beads. Most of them were considered morphologically lymphoblasts and were positive for acid phosphatase staining. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase activity was not detected in these cells. Lymphoid cells from this patient did not respond to the stimulation with phytohemagglutinin-P, concanavalin-A, and pokeweed mitogen (PWM). When these cells were cultured with PWM for 7 days, no plasma cell was generated. Although only a few plasma cells were generated in the PWM-stimulated culture of normal purified B cells alone, the addition of the patient's cells to purified normal B cells resulted in a markedly enhanced generation of plasma cells in response to PWM, as was the case with normal T cells. But leukemic cells either from a patient with T-cell leukemia not having complement receptors or from a patient with null-cell leukemia showed no enhancing ability in B-cell differentiation. In addition, the culture supernates of the patient's cells obtained after 24-hr PWM stimulation had an ability to promote B-cell differentiation comparable in activity to those from the PWM-stimulated normal T cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Characterization of hemopoietic stem cells (CFUc) in cord blood.

Some properties of hemopoietic stem cells (CFUc) in human cord blood and peripheral blood of neonates were compared with those in bone marrow, by the method for in vitro growth of colony-forming cells in semisolid agar. The number of CFUc circulating in cord blood was 93.5 +/- 57.8 (mean +/- 1 SD)/10(5) cells, which was slightly less than that of bone marrow. The number of CFUc in peripheral blood decreased promptly following birth. From cord and neonatal blood, most colonies were monocyte/macrophage colonies (60.0 +/- 4.6%), whereas those from bone marrow were largely granulocyte colonies (88.3 +/- 6.2%). The differences of growth curve, colony size, and turnover state of CFUc between cord blood and bone marrow seemed, in part, to result from the dominancy of monocyte/macrophage colony-forming cells in cord blood. The cell cycling rate of CFUc in cord blood was remarkably lower than that in bone marrow. From these results, it seems clear that CFUc in cord blood differ in some aspects from those in bone marrow. However, the precise physiologic and functional significance of CFUc circulating in cord and neonatal blood remains unknown.

Bone Marrow Cells↗
PubMed1981

[The absorption, excretion and influence on bowel flora of oral paromomycin sulfate (author's transl)].

The absorption, excretion and influence on bowel flora of oral paromomycin sulfate (aminosidine, PRM) were studied in ten normal volunteers taking a normal diet, and the following results were obtained. 1. Serum levels of PRM were observed 0.46 micrograms/ml at a half hour, 1.14 micrograms/ml at 1 hour, 1.48 micrograms/ml at 2 hours, 0.70 micrograms/ml at 4 hours, 0.29 micrograms at 6 hours and were almost faded out at 12 hours after 4 grams of oral administration. 2. During 0 approximately 2 hours, 2 approximately 4 hours, 4 approximately 6 hours and 6 approximately 12 hours, the mean urine concentration of PRM were observed 56.4 micrograms/ml, 56.2 micrograms/ml, 37.1 micrograms/ml and 13.8 micrograms/ml, respectively, and the total excretion in the urine by 12 hours were observed 21.14 mg (0.53%). 3. Oral administration of PRM caused fall in Lactobacillus, non spore-forming anaerobic Gram positive bacilli (BEP group) and Peptostreptococcus (P less than 0.001), Bacteroides (P less than 0.01). However, after administration was discontinued, reduced bowel flora was returned to the normal range within a few days. No overgrowth of bowel flora by coliform, Clostridium or yeast was observed. Klebsiella oxytoca and toxigenic Clostridium difficile were not observed overgrowth. 4. No side effect was observed clinically over 2 months.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Purification of nucleosidediphosphatase of rat liver by metal-chelate affinity chromatography.

A procedure is presented for the purification of nucleosidediphosphatase (nucleosidediphosphate phosphohydrolase, EC 3.6.1.6) of rat liver by affinity chromatography using metal conjugated to epoxy-activated Sepharose 6B. The enzyme is eluted from the conjugate by a solution of L-histidine. The enzyme, when bound to metal-chelate gel, is active in a suspended form, suggesting that the catalytic site is different from the site that binds to the metal-chelate gels. Substrate specificity and Km value of the enzyme obtained are similar to those of the enzyme obtained from the same sources by a conventional procedure, indicating that the metal-chelate affinity chromatography does not bring about any substantial change in the catalytic properties.

Acid Anhydride Hydrolases↗