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Biomedical subjects

N Taniguchi

Publications and source records attributed to N Taniguchi.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Glycosylation at the Fab portion of myeloma immunoglobulin G and increased fucosylated biantennary sugar chains: structural analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography and antibody-lectin enzyme immunoassay using Lens culinaris agglutinin.

An antibody-lectin enzyme immunoassay technique which had been developed for the analysis of sugar chains of alpha-fetoprotein (N. Kinoshita et al., Clin. Chim. Acta, 179: 143-152, 1989) was used for analysis of sugar chains of myeloma immunoglobulin G (IgG). The IgG sugar chains of four of nine patients with myeloma were found to be highly reactive to Lens culinaris agglutinin as compared with those of six normal controls and 177 patients without myeloma. This reflected a high L. culinaris agglutinin/concanavalin A ratio. The IgGs of these patients were found to have highly sialylated, fucosylated, and bisected biantennary sugar chains at Fab portions as judged by the lectin-blotting technique as well as by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. These results indicate that some of the myeloma IgG proteins undergo unusual glycosylation processes.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Localization of Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) in cholinergic and somatostatin-containing neurons in the rat neostriatum.

We used rabbit antisera against manganese (Mn)-superoxide dismutase for immunohistochemical studies of localization in the rat neostriatum. Immunostaining was intense in large-sized neurons and several medium-sized neurons, but it was moderate to weak in other cells. Double immunostaining with monoclonal antibody to choline acetyltransferase or somatostatin demonstrated large-sized, Mn-SOD immunoreactive neurons to be cholinergic, and some medium-sized neurons which were intensely immunoreactive for Mn-SOD to contain somatostatinergic.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Preparation of human manganese superoxide dismutase by tri-phase partitioning and preliminary crystallographic data.

Human liver manganese superoxide dismutase has been purified by a short procedure that includes a tri-phase partitioning step to provide materials that can be crystallized from ammonium sulfate. X-ray diffraction studies at 3 A resolution show that the crystals belong to the hexagonal space group P6(1)22 or P6(5)22, with cell dimensions a = b = 81.1 A, c = 242.2 A. Manganese superoxide dismutase levels as determined by enzymatic assay as well as by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay indicated that considerable variations occur in different livers but the total superoxide dismutase activity (Mn superoxide dismutase plus Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase) seems to be kept at constant values.

Ammonium Sulfate↗
PubMed1991

Hypogalactosylation of immunoglobulin G sugar chains and elevated serum interleukin 6 in Castleman's disease.

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecule has two N-linked complex type oligosaccharides, consisting of a mixture of at least 12 different structures. The pattern of these oligosaccharides is fairly constant in healthy individuals. In three patients with Castleman's disease, in whom serum interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels were elevated, agalactosyl species of serum IgG oligosaccharides were markedly increased as compared to those of normal healthy controls. A close relationship between increased IL-6 and altered IgG oligosaccharide structure is suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Intense immunoreactivity for Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) in cholinergic and non-cholinergic neurons in the rat basal forebrain.

The immunohistochemical localization of manganese (Mn)-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) was studied in the rat basal forebrain using polyclonal antibodies to Mn-SOD. Neurons of the basal forebrain exhibit a high density of Mn-SOD immunoreactivity. Double immunostaining with a monoclonal antibody to choline acetyltransferase demonstrated that both cholinergic and non-cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain are intensely immunoreactive for Mn-SOD.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Induction of carbonic anhydrase I isozyme precedes the globin synthesis during erythropoiesis in K562 cells.

Induction of carbonic anhydrase isozyme I (CA-I) by erythropoietin or hemin was investigated using erythroleukemia (K562) cells. Immunological estimation and purification of carbonic anhydrases showed that untreated K562 cells contained only carbonic anhydrase isozyme II(CA-II), while incubation of the cells with 2 units of erythropoietin (EP) per ml of the incubation medium or with 50 microM hemin resulted in the induction of CA-I. The purified CA-I induced in K562 cells was enzymatically and immunologically identical to that from mature erythrocytes. Flow cytometric analysis showed that incubation of K562 cells with EP as well as hemin induced CA-I at the 3rd h, while alpha-globin was detected at the 8th h. Northern blot analysis of CA-I mRNA using a cloned genomic DNA as a probe showed that mRNA of CA-I was induced by EP. These results suggest that induction of CA-I is regulated at the transcriptional level during developmental changes of erythroid cells, and that CA-I may play a physiologically important role during erythroid differentiation.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1991

A 3' splice site consensus sequence mutation in the intron 3 of the alpha-galactosidase A gene in a patient with Fabry disease.

Fabry disease is an X-linked disorder accompanied with accumulation of glycosphingolipids resulting from the deficient activity of the lysosomal hydrolase, alpha-galactosidase A (alpha-GalA). In the present study, mRNA for alpha-GalA in fibroblasts from an 11-year-old Japanese patient with Fabry disease was examined using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The shorter message of alpha-GalA was demonstrated in this patient when compared with the normal control. The complete deletion of exon 4 in the mRNA for alpha-GalA in the patient was disclosed by analysis of cDNA with restriction enzyme digestion and asymmetrical PCR sequencing. The direct sequencing of the genomic DNA demonstrated a single base substitution (G----A) at the 3' end of the consensus sequence of intron 3. This mutation destroyed a splice site in the alpha-GalA, which produced a mutant allele. It was also shown that the mother of the patient had this mutant as well as normal alleles as a heterozygote.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Analyses of polypeptides in the liver of a novel mutant (LEC rats) to hereditary hepatitis and hepatoma by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis: identification of P29/6.8 as carbonic anhydrase III and triosephosphate isomerase.

1. Total cellular proteins from the livers of 4-, 16- and 52-week-old hepatitis- and hepatoma-predisposed Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats were compared to those from the livers of the corresponding control rats [Long-Evans Agouti (LEA) rats] by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. 2. A polypeptide, p50/7.2 (molecular weight x 10(-3)/isoelectric point) was only found in the LEC rats, and the p43/6.4 component was greater and the p51/6.8 component was less in the LEC rats than in the LEA rats during aging. 3. A polypeptide, p29/6.8, was dramatically greater in 4-week-old LEC rats than in 4-week-old LEA rats. 4. By sequencing and Western blotting analysis, the marked differences in the level of the p29/6.8 component were found to be due to carbonic anhydrase III.

Aging↗
PubMed1991

New perylenequinones from Shiraia bambusicola.

Two new perylenequinones, named hypocrellin B and C, together with the known hypocrellin A were isolated from the stromatal tissues of Shiraia bambusicola. The structures of these compounds, including the absolute stereochemistry, were determined.

Ascomycota↗
PubMed1991

A novel subpopulation of CD45RA+ CD4+ T cells expressing IL-2 receptor alpha-chain (CD25) and having a functionally transitional nature into memory cells.

Differential expression of various isoforms of leukocyte common antigen (CD45), which arises from alternate mRNA splicing, identifies naive and memory populations of human T cells. Some memory (CD45RO+ CD45RA-) populations of CD4+ T cells from adult individuals express IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) alpha-chain (CD25), but naive (CD45RO- CD45RA+) CD4+ T cells only do so to a small degree. We found that a small but significant fraction of CD4+ T cells in neonatal blood expressed CD25, although most generally exhibited the phenotype of naive cells. It was demonstrated that purified neonatal CD25+ CD4+ T cells expressed mRNA for the IL-2R alpha-chain. Two-color immunofluorescence analysis disclosed that a CD25+ population of neonatal CD4+ T cells had the naive (CD45RA+ CD45RO-) phenotypes. These CD25+ CD4+ T cells from newborns could express mRNA for some specified lymphokines such as IL-4, IL-5, and interferon-gamma on activation in a similar manner to CD45RO+ (memory) CD4+ T cells from adults. Notably, polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that neonatal CD45RA+ CD4+ T cells expressing CD25 contained spliced mRNA transcripts possibly encoding CD45RO in addition to CD45RA-associated transcripts, seemingly indicating that this population might be in the recently antigen-primed states. Such a small population of CD45RA+ CD4+ T cells expressing CD25 appeared to be present in the blood throughout human life. The results suggest that CD4+ T cells with the naive (CD45RA+) phenotype expressing IL-2R alpha-chain (CD25) represent the novel transitional population in the maturation process of naive into memory CD4+ T cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Enhancing effect of a choline-deficient diet on alterations of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes in hepatitis- and hepatoma-predisposed rats (LEC rats).

Marked alterations of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes were observed in hepatitis- and hepatoma-predisposed rats (LEC rats) fed a choline-deficient diet. The diet enhanced the development of hepatitis with severe jaundice. The levels of two major classes of cytochrome P-450, P-450PB and P-450MC, were markedly decreased. GST-Yp was dramatically increased, whereas GST-Ya, Yb1 and Yb2 were decreased. LEA rats (the control rats to LEC) fed a choline-deficient diet mimicked LEC rats fed a normal diet in terms of the above enzyme alterations, indicating that hypomethylation is involved in the pathogenesis of hepatitis and hepatoma in LEC rats. Such hypomethylation may initiate the hepatocytes that spontaneously develop hepatitis and hepatoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Superoxide dismutase in psoriasis, squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell epithelioma: an immunohistochemical study.

Monoclonal antibodies against human Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Mn-SOD were used to stain frozen sections of normal and abnormal human skin. In normal human epidermis, the Cu,Zn-SOD antibody almost exclusively stained the basal cells. Mn-SOD antibody weakly stained the whole of the epidermis but more predominantly the basal cell layer. In psoriasis, Cu,Zn-SOD antibody mainly stained the basal cells of the lowest parts of the elongated rete ridges. Basal cells corresponding to the tip of the dermal papillae were weakly stained. Mn-SOD staining was considerably decreased in the psoriatic epidermis. In squamous cell carcinoma, staining with both Cu,Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD antibodies was decreased, and single cells positive for Cu,Zn-SOD were scattered throughout the tumour nests. In basal cell epithelioma, Cu,Zn-SOD staining was intense and diffusely distributed throughout the tumour nests, while Mn-SOD staining was absent.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Expression of CD45R0 (UCHL1) by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as a sign of in vivo activation in infectious mononucleosis.

CD45R0 (UCHL1), a member of leucocyte common antigen family, is expressed largely on previously activated or memory T cells. We examined CD45R0 expression of T cell subpopulations in patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) induced infectious mononucleosis (IMN) as a sign of in vivo activation. Consistent with the notion that activated CD8+ T cells expand in acute IMN; the majority of CD8+ T cells in patients with acute IMN expressed CD45R0 to the similar extent to HLA-DR expression. Most CD4+ T cells in these patients also demonstrated marked expression of CD45R0 as well as HLA-DR antigens, compared with age-matched controls. Expression of CD45R0 by CD4+ T cells in patients with acute IMN was more notable than their HLA-DR expression. While predominant CD8+ T cells resulted in decreased percentages of CD4+ T cells, CD4+ T cells expressing CD45R0 were shown to be significantly elevated in absolute number. The results suggest that both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells may be activated by stimulation with EBV infection. The appearance of two T cell subpopulations expressing CD45R0 in acute IMN implies their immunoregulatory roles in the control of EBV-infected cells.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1991

Ultrasonography of ovary, uterus and breast in premature thelarche.

We studied 17 girls with the complaint of premature breast development. Enlarged breast tissue was confirmed in 15 patients by sonography. Pelvic and breast sonography were also performed in these patients. The sizes of most uteri and ovaries were within the normal range. Nine of the 15 patients (60%) showed follicular cysts in the ovaries. These cysts were ovoid with diameters of up to 10 mm. No relationship was found between the thickness of breast tissue and the ovarian findings. Pelvic sonography was also performed in normally developing girls under 6 years of age. Four of 47 girls (4%) showed small follicular cysts in the ovaries. In summary a high percentage of patients with premature thelarche have relatively large follicular cysts, with normal sized ovaries and uteri. Breast sonography is useful to distinguish swollen subcutaneous tissue from breast development.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

Post-embedding immuno-electron microscopy with rapid freezing and freeze-substitution techniques for the localization of manganese superoxide dismutase.

Dehydration of specimens with ethanol or acetone makes it impossible to detect manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) by immunohistochemistry. To circumvent obstacles and demonstrate localization by post-embedding immuno-electron microscopy, a rapid freezing and freeze-substitution technique was employed using Lowicryl K4M embedding medium. This was effective enough to allow the specific observation of immunogold particles for Mn-SOD on the mitochondria of cardiac muscle cells and WI-38 cells (human normal fetal lung diploid cells). This method preserved the antigen-antibody binding activity of Mn-SOD even after dehydration. Therefore, rapid freezing and freeze-substitution is useful for post-embedding immuno-electron microscopy of Mn-SOD and can further be employed for other antigens previously difficult to detect by conventional methods.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1991

[Continuous monitoring of penile rigidity and tumescence in Japanese without erectile dysfunction].

Continuous monitoring of penile rigidity and tumescence has been proved to be of use for accurate diagnosis of erectile impotence, since it provides objective recording of penile rigidity as well as circumferential expansion. Prior to clinical use of this procedure in Japan, a study was performed to clarify normal features of nocturnal penile tumescence of Japanese and to ensure safety of this procedure. The subjects consisted of 16 normal volunteers, aged from 24 to 44 years. With fully informed consent of the volunteers, nocturnal penile rigidity and circumferential expansion were simultaneously measured for three consecutive nights by means of RigiScan at the base of the penis (base) and at about five millimeters proximal to the coronary sulcus (tip). The minimum circumference of the penis was 62.7 +/- 4.6 mm (mean +/- SD) at the tip and 65.4 +/- 9.3 mm at the base. The maximum circumference, which meant full erection in the normal volunteers, was 102.5 +/- 14.2 mm at the tip and 108.6 +/- 14.7 mm at the base. The mean duration of tumescence, i.e. circumference expansion more than 10 mm, was 23.0 +/- 6.9 minutes at the tip and 38.3 +/- 12.0 minutes at the base. The mean rate of episodes of circumference expansion more than 10 mm was 0.75 +/- 0.27 per hour at the tip and 0.70 +/- 0.26 per hour at the base. The maximum rigidity lasting more than 10 minutes was 82.9 +/- 10.1% at the tip and 85.4 +/- 8.4% at the base.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗