Biomedical subjects

N Tanigawa

Publications and source records attributed to N Tanigawa.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

[Prediction of prognosis of patients with gastrointestinal cancer based on thymidine uptake].

In 173 patients with operable gastric cancer and in 127 patients with colorectal cancer, the relations between thymidine uptake by cancer cells in semi-solid media, their clinico-pathologic features and survival times, were studied. Multivariate analysis using Cox proportional hazard model showed that thymidine uptake is one of the variables most highly correlated with the probability of patient death. Thus, the availability of thymidine uptake information in the perioperative period may be useful for selecting patients who would benefit from more intensive therapy. Thymidine kinase (TK) is the only enzyme by which thymidine is introduced into the DNA metabolism. In 64 specimens, including gastric and colorectal cancers, TK levels in the serum and tumors were measured accordingly. However, there was no correlation between thymidine uptake and the TK levels, suggesting the necessity of measuring thymidine phosphorylase activity as well.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

Clinical experience of 123I-IMP scintigraphy in detecting vertebral bone metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma. A comparison with bone scintigraphy with 99mTc-MDP.

Although bone scintigraphy with 99mTc-MDP is a sensitive diagnostic method to detect bone metastasis, it is not specific for malignancy. A radioactive substance which accumulates specifically into metastatic lesions should be of value. 123I-IMP and bone scintigraphy with 99mTc-MDP were consecutively performed in patients with vertebral bone metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma and lumbar spondylosis deformans in a 7-day interval or shorter. The intensity of uptake was compared. Eighteen of the 20 metastatic lesions (90%) were classified as increased uptake areas in 123I-IMP scintigraphy. MDP-scintigraphy disclosed 16 metastatic lesions (80%), 9 as "hot" lesions (56%) and 7 as "cold" lesions (44%). 123I-IMP scintigraphy was negative in all 12 lesions of lumbar spondylosis deformans. Compared to MDP-scintigraphy, 123I-IMP scintigraphy was more sensitive in detecting vertebral bone metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma with smaller rates of false-positive and false-negative findings.

Amphetamines↗

PubMed1993

Thymidine uptake in vitro as a prognostic indicator for primary gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Prognostic significance of in vitro thymidine uptake by cancer cells remains unclear in patients with gastric cancer. METHODS: In 173 patients with operable gastric cancer, the relations between thymidine uptake by gastric cancer cells in semi-solid media and their clinicopathologic features as well as their survival lengths were studied. RESULTS: There were significant correlations between in vitro thymidine uptake and such clinicopathologic features as lymph node metastasis (P = 0.00002), lymphatic invasion (P = 0.003), vessel invasion (P = 0.006), peritoneal metastasis (P = 0.010), depth of invasion (P = 0.011), and hepatic metastasis (P = 0.032). Ninety-five of 173 cancers (54.9%) that incorporated 1000 or more cpm in a single well were designated as being a high uptake group. Other gastric cancers (78 of 173; 45.1%) were designated as being a low uptake group. The overall survival rate of the patients was demonstrated to be significantly longer in the group with a low thymidine uptake than with a high uptake (P < 0.00001). The multivariate analysis showed that thymidine is one of the two variables that are the most highly correlated with the probability of patient death (P = 0.00044). CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated that in vitro thymidine uptake is an independent prognostic parameter for gastric cancer and may be useful for selecting patients who would benefit from more intensive therapy.

Aged↗

PubMed1993

[Clinical usefulness of 123I-IMP scintigraphy in the diagnosis of bone metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison with 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy].

The diagnostic value of N-isopropyl-p-[123I]-iodoamphetamine (123I-IMP) scintigraphy was evaluated in 12 patients with 20 bone metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma, in comparison with 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) bone scintigraphy. Sixteen lesions (80%) were detected by 123I-IMP scintigraphy, whereas four lesions (two lesions in the rib and two lesions after a radiation of 40 Gy) were missed. Of 16 lesions demonstrated as areas of increased uptake in 123I-IMP scan, only eight (50%) showed an increased pattern of uptake in 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy. In conclusion, 123I-IMP is a promising radiopharmaceutical for the detection of bone metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma.

Amphetamines↗

PubMed1993

[A study of transsplenic CO2 gas enhanced portal angioechography].

Transsplenic CO2 gas enhanced portal angioechography was examined. The spleen of three dogs was punctured by 23 gauge needle with two side holes. From 5 ml to 20 ml of CO2 gas was injected into the splenic vein via the splenic parenchyma, and elevation of echo level of the liver was observed. Hematoma was not seen at the site of puncture. Good image was obtained in the case of 5 ml CO2 injection. In one dog with pseudotumor in the liver, the hyperechoic tumor changed into negative enhanced nodule after CO2 gas enhancement. Transsplenic CO2 gas enhanced portal angioechography is thought to be useful to evaluate hepatic tumors.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

En bloc resection for cancer of the gastric cardia without thoracotomy.

Thirty-five consecutive patients underwent en bloc resection of cardia cancer without thoracotomy. All tumors were adenocarcinoma. The operative procedure involved wide resection of the peri-hiatal diaphragm, dissection of the upper abdominal and lower mediastinal lymph nodes, and resection of the stomach including a portion of the lower thoracic esophagus without thoracotomy. The resection area of the diaphragm included not only the crural muscle as in other methods, but also the diaphragmatic tissue surrounding the esophageal hiatus. Through the enlarged hiatus, dissection of the mediastinum was possible up to the carina from the abdominal cavity. The mediastinal node stations were affected in 25% of patients whose tumor invaded to the serosa. Hypotension with or without atrial arrhythmias and pleural tears occurred during surgery in 20 patients (57%) and in 18 patients (51%), respectively. Postoperatively, hypoxia requiring reintubation developed in 7 patients (19%), pleural effusions needed tube drainage in 16 patients (46%), atelectasis in 5 patients (14%), and anastomotic leaks in 3 patients (9%). They were all successfully treated. The cumulative 5-year survival rate for 21 patients with stages I (2 patients), II (9), and III (10) diseases was 62%, whereas none of the patients with stage IV disease lived for more than 2 years after surgery. Because thoracotomy is avoided, the procedure is better tolerated by debilitated patients. We believe this technique is a reasonable and safe alternative to the left thoracotomy approach for resection of cancer of the gastric cardia.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1993

Malignant tracheobronchial obstructive lesions: treatment with Gianturco expandable metallic stents.

Gianturco expandable metallic stents were placed in 14 patients with 19 malignant lesions who had tracheobronchial stenosis and/or obstruction together with dyspnea. In all 14 patients, stenotic and/or obstructive changes disappeared immediately after the procedure, and the dyspnea improved. Lumina at the sites of tracheal lesions expanded from a mean of 3.9 mm in diameter before stent placement to a mean of 13.9 mm after stent placement. Lumina at the sites of bronchial lesions expanded from a mean of 2.1 mm to a mean of 10.3 mm. Lumina at the sites of lesions caused by extrinsic compression expanded to a mean of 89.7% of normal, while lumina at the sites of lesions caused by intraluminal tumor growth expanded to a mean of 63.2% of normal. There was improvement of at least one grade of the Hugh-Jones classification in 12 patients. Ten of the patients died; in two of these patients, restenosis developed.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Effect of reperfusion by direct percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty on ventricular late potentials in cases of total coronary occlusion at initial coronary arteriography.

The relationship between the time required for reperfusion and the incidence of late potentials was studied in 94 patients who survived a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and who showed total occlusion of the infarct-related artery at an initial coronary arteriography. Sixty-three patients who successfully underwent direct percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), and 31 who were treated conventionally (controls), underwent signal-averaged electrocardiography. Direct PTCA patients were classified into 5 groups according to the time required for reperfusion: < or = 4, 4-6, 6-8, 8-10, and > or = 10 h. The incidence of late potentials in these groups was 8%, 12%, 14%, 33%, and 43%, respectively, and 48% in the controls. Late potentials were recorded more frequently as the period until successful reperfusion increased: the incidence of late potentials was significantly lower in the < or = 4 and 4-6 h groups than in the controls (p < 0.005 and p < 0.05, respectively). Therefore, reperfusion achieved within 6 h reduced the incidence of late potentials in AMI patients and may be effective for preventing malignant ventricular arrhythmias.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1993

[Evaluation of coronary flow and myocardial ischemia by transvenous and intracardiac two-dimensional echocardiography].

The purpose of this study was to observe ventricular wall motion in myocardial ischemia and to image coronary artery flow by transvenous intracardiac two-dimensional echocardiography. Ten mongrel dogs (body weight 24-34 kg) were anesthetized by intravenous sodium pentobarbital (25 mg/kg) and ventilated using a Harvard respirator after tracheotomy. Real-time Doppler two-dimensional echocardiography (ALOKA SSD-870) and a transesophageal probe (5 MHz, 24 elements, diameter 6.8 mm, phased array transducer) were used. The probe was introduced into the right atrium via the femoral vein. Myocardial ischemia was induced under fluoroscopic control by the inflation of a balloon catheter in the coronary artery, or by beads embolization of the coronary artery in closed-chest dogs, or by ligation of the coronary artery after a left or right thoracotomy. The wall motion of the right and left ventricles was observed by using the probe positioned in the lower right atrium. Visualization of the coronary artery and the flow velocity were studied with the probe in the mid right atrium. 1) Imaging: The left coronary artery, left main coronary artery and left anterior descending artery were easily observed by the probe positioned in the mid right atrium. The blood flow velocity in the left main coronary artery was consistently recorded. Changes in the blood flow velocity by coronary vasodilators such as dipyridamole, isosorbide dinitrate and nicorandil were clearly detected. 2) Detection of the myocardial ischemia: During the right coronary artery occlusion the right ventricle showed marked dilatation and hypokinesis, and the interventricular septum showed paradoxical movement and was displaced towards the left ventricular cavity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Computed tomographic percutaneous transsplenic portography.

The diagnosis of liver tumors should be utilized for determination of not only the number of lesions, but also their size, segmental location and extent, and the relationship of the mass or masses to the hepatic vasculature. CT during arterial portography (CTAP) is the most sensitive imaging modality for precise diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. CTAP is thus widely used as a diagnostic imaging technique, particularly for the detection of small hepatocellular carcinomas. Conventional splenic portography has been carried out for many years using a wide diameter needle, a large amount of contrast medium and a film-screen system. Since the development of arterial portography, fewer splenoportograms have been performed due to the high incidence of bleeding and other complications. In this study a 0.6-mm (23 gauge) thin needle was used for splenic puncture and CT was used as a detector instead of a film-screen system. With this technique CT during percutaneous transsplenic portography may be performed on an outpatient basis.

Aged↗

PubMed1993

[In vitro chemosensitivity assay using a double-layer-agar system: human tumor cloning assay and thymidine incorporation assay].

Human tumor cloning assay (HTCA) and thymidine incorporation assay (TIA) were both performed using a double-layer-agar system with continuous exposure of cells to standard anticancer drugs. The rate of evaluable assays was 44% (280 of 638 tumor samples) in HTCA and 48% (216 of 452) in TIA. When the tumor samples were restricted to the gastric and colorectal cancers, it was significantly higher in TIA than HTCA (p < 0.01). HTCA was 95% reliable for predicting in vivo resistance and 52% reliable for in vivo sensitivity, whereas TIA was 88% reliable for in vivo resistance and 44% for in vivo sensitivity. These results seem to suggest that it is unnecessary to select just clonogenic tumor cells among whole tumor cell population in assessing chemosensitivity of human tumors. The current study also indicates that chemotherapy with in vitro sensitive drugs assessed by TIA produced longer survival of the patients with stage III or IV gastric cancer. Most of clinical correlation trials including this study, however, have been performed retrospectively. The prospective study is necessary to determine whether drug selection by in vitro assays is superior to that by an experienced oncologist. In addition, further studies on pharmacokinetics of anticancer drugs are required to solve some other problems inherent to the current chemosensitivity assays.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

PubMed1993

Treatment of tuberculous bronchial stenosis with expandable metallic stents.

Gianturco expandable metallic stents were placed in 5 patients with dyspnea on exercise due to tuberculous bronchial stenosis. The stents were placed after dilatation with a 10-mm diameter high pressure balloon catheter. In all 5 patients, obstructive changes disappeared following the procedure, and dyspnea on exercise improved markedly. No complications related to the procedure were encountered. At follow-up during a period of up to 38 months, 2 patients showed bronchial restenosis at 11 and 17 months, respectively, after stent placement. Restenosis by granulomatous tissue was successfully treated by laser ablation. One patient showed slight one-day hemoptysis 26 months after stent placement.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Experimental study of water jet angioplasty].

A newly invented angioplasty by using water jet energy was investigated for evaluating its safety and effectiveness in 3 dogs. The water jet was produced from a small tip nozzle (0.2 mm in diameter) of catheter by injecting 20 ml of diluted contrast medium. By using this method recanalization of femoral arterial occlusion produced by fresh thrombi was achieved in all 3 dogs. Post recanalization angiography showed no apparent small vessel occlusions. Injection apart more than 5 mm from the inner surface of human aorta provoked no apparent changes histopathologically. Water jet angioplasty may be useful in treating vascular occlusive disease.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[Usefulness of dopamine administration after transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization based upon portal hemodynamics].

We evaluated usefulness of dopamine administration after transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization (TAE) for the prevention of hepatic failure in experimental and clinical study. In experimental study we measured portal blood flow in dogs with doppler catheter before and after TAE. Administration of dopamine after TAE increased portal blood flow significantly. In a clinical study the usefulness of dopamine was investigated in a clinical laboratory test. It revealed that serum GOT and GPT improved earlier with dopamine administration after TAE. In conclusion dopamine increased portal blood flow and decreased hepatic parenchymal damage after TAE.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Chemosensitivity of head and neck cancer with the rapid thymidine incorporation assay and its clinical application.

The chemosensitivity of various head and neck cancers was investigated with the 5-day rapid thymidine incorporation assay in soft agar culture. The evaluability rate was 56%. Head and neck cancers were sensitive in vitro, in decreasing order, to peplomycin, cisplatin, bleomycin, 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin C, and doxorubicin. Primary tumors and neck metastases exhibited the same sensitivity, with 21% of all specimens tested responding. In vitro chemosensitivities were similar among patients younger than 69 years of age and those older than 70. The predictive accuracy for sensitivity tested prospectively in five cases was 80% and that for resistance in four was 75%.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

Detection of late potentials. Comparison of two commercial high-resolution ECG systems.

Signal-averaged electrocardiogram (SAECG) is used for detection of ventricular late potentials (LPs) in cardiac patients. As many commercial SAECG systems become available, it is essential to determine if they provide equivalent diagnostic information. Two high-resolution (Hi-Res) ECG systems (MAC-12, Marquette Electronics, Inc (MEI), Milwaukee, WI and LVP101, Arrhythmia Research Technology (ART), Austin, TX) were tested on 143 subjects (13 controls and 130 cardiac patients, 21 of whom were tested for inducible ventricular tachycardia [VT]). Late potential measurements (total QRS duration, high-frequency low-amplitude signal duration, and root-mean-square voltage) obtained from the two systems were in good agreement in most of the controls and patients. Application of Multicenter criteria for the MEI system and Gomes criteria for the ART system yielded very good agreement in LP diagnosis (at least 2 parameters abnormal). The two Hi-Res systems predicted inducible VT with good accuracy. The MEI system gave slightly higher sensitivity (90% vs 70%) and specificity (91% vs 82%) than the ART system in patients tested for inducible VT. In controls, both systems gave the same specificity (92%) and the LP diagnosis agreed in all controls (100%). Although the number of patients was small, neither sensitivity nor specificity were significantly different between the two systems at p < 0.05. To conclude, MEI and ART Hi-Res systems gave very similar LP diagnoses when appropriate criteria were applied.

Cardiac Pacing, Artificial↗

PubMed1992

In vitro growth ability and chemosensitivity of gastric and colorectal cancer cells assessed with the human tumour clonogenic assay and the thymidine incorporation assay.

A human tumour cloning assay (HTCA) has been performed on 191 samples of gastric and 152 samples of colorectal cancers, and a thymidine incorporation assay (TIA) on 178 samples of gastric and 109 samples of colorectal cancers. The rate of evaluable assays was significantly higher in the TIA than in the HTCA (P less than 0.01). In terms of in vitro growth potential in the two assays, gastric cancer cells were less active than the colorectal cancer cells (P less than 0.05). In frequency of in vitro sensitivity to drugs, gastric cancer was more chemosensitive than colorectal cancer in both assays. The in vitro/in vivo correlations of high resistance-predictive ratios and low sensitivity-predictive ratios were similar in both assays. The results indicate that the TIA is more applicable than the HTCA to screening of active agents against fresh gastrointestinal cancers.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗

PubMed1992

[Repeated arterial infusion chemotherapy for inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma using implantable drug delivery system].

We performed a clinical evaluation of repeated arterial infusion chemotherapy using an implantable drug delivery system for 41 patients with inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). About half of our patients could not undergo transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) because of extreme tumor extension and/or accompanying advanced cirrhosis. In most patients we implanted a 5 Fr. catheter non-surgically and connected it to an implanted injection port through a subcutaneous tunnel. The treatment schedule was weekly or biweekly intrahepatic one-shot administration of mitomycin C, adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil and epirubicin. The response rate (CR + PR) was 24.4%. The median survival period was 401.1 days. The 6 month, 1-year and 2-year survival rates were 73%, 48% and 24%, respectively. There were no severe side effects nor complications. The implantable drug delivery system will contribute not only to improved therapeutic efficacy for inoperable HCC but also improve the quality of life for patients.

Adult↗