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Biomedical subjects

N Takano

Publications and source records attributed to N Takano.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Influence of food intake on cold-induced vasodilatation of finger.

When the finger is immersed in ice water, a sharp fall of the skin temperature is followed by its gradual rise due to the cold-induced vasodilatation (CIVD). The present study was attempted to examine whether the CIVD is affected by a small increase in internal heat load due to dietary thermogenesis. A 10-min immersion of the left middle finger in ice water was performed at room temperature of 25-26 degrees C on 12 female subjects 60 min before, and 30 and 90 min after ingestion of a meal containing 700 kcal. Skin temperature of the finger and O2 consumption were continuously measured before, during, and after the immersion. A CIVD index was measured using the data of the rising phase of skin temperature during the immersion. The CIVD index, a newly developed parameter in the present study, could reflect both the rapidity and the magnitude of CIVD response during the immersion. Compared with pre-prandial values, the O2 consumption and the CIVD index significantly increased by 15 and 69%, respectively, at 30 min and by 15 and 50% at 90 min of the post-prandial period. Esophageal temperature was studied on another 5 subjects (1 male and 4 females) and it rose by 0.27 degrees C during the 90-min post-prandial period. The results, in support of the involvement of the central nervous system control in CIVD, suggest that the central process is so sensitive as to operate in a 15% increase in heat load into the body.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of human recombinant interleukin 4 on in vitro granulopoiesis of human bone marrow cells.

Utilizing in vitro colony assay, we investigated the effect of human recombinant interleukin 4 (hIL-4) on granulopoiesis of normal human bone marrow cells. Though hIL-4 itself did not possess any colony-stimulating activity, the number of neutrophil (N) colonies, particularly the number of small colonies, supported by human recombinant G-CSF (hG-CSF) was significantly increased when hIL-4 was used as a costimulant. In contrast, the number of eosinophil (Eo) colonies supported by hIL-5 was decreased when hIL-4 was used as a costimulant. Also, the numbers of N and Eo colonies supported by hIL-3 or hGM-CSF were both significantly decreased when hIL-4 was added. These data suggest that hIL-4 has diverse positive and negative regulatory effects on human neutro- and eosinophilopoiesis as a cofactor of various CSFs.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The acute phase nature of interleukin 6: studies in Kawasaki disease and other febrile illnesses.

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) has manifold biological functions involved in the immune or inflammatory responses of the host to various stimuli. Here we asked whether IL-6 might be responsible for manifestations of Kawasaki disease (KD), such as immunoglobulin hypersecretion, lymphocyte activation and systemic vasculitis. IL-6 activity in the serum was determined by a sensitive colorimetric assay using an IL-6-dependent murine hybridoma clone. Usually sera from healthy or afebrile donors contained only negligible levels of IL-6 activity below the detection threshold of the assay. Importantly it was found that serum IL-6 was markedly elevated in all patients with acute KD. Serum levels of IL-6 activity gradually diminished during the course of the disease and reached undetectable or lower levels at the convalescent phase. However, such elevated levels of serum IL-6 activity were also observed in the majority of other febrile diseases, such as bacterial or viral infections, indicating that the appearance of IL-6 in the serum could generally occur in febrile or inflammatory disease conditions. Serum IL-6 activity correlated with serum concentrations of some acute phase proteins (APP), such as C-reactive protein, haptoglobin and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, implying its role for modulating induction of APP in vivo. IL-6 is well known to be secreted by a variety of cell types. Further studies, including immunohistochemical analysis using anti-IL-6 antibody, will be necessary to examine whether the source of serum IL-6 in KD might be different from that seen in other diseases.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1989

[Color-reformatted reconstruction of X-ray CT images of the temporomandibular joint].

The Color X-ray CT image processing system developed previously was improved to reconstruct three-dimensional images of coronal, sagittal, and oblique processing from the original axial data of an X-ray CT scanner. The color-reformatted images reconstructed for temporomandibular joints soft and hard tissues clearly and various soft tissues such as muscular and fatty tissues were easily distinguishable. Expansion of the desired part of the image allowed detailed examination of that part with a high distinction. The versatility of the present system can be utilized in clinical diagnoses of dental diseases as well as diseases of other parts of body.

Color↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of PMU hepatic arterial chemotherapy for liver metastases of gastric cancer. Hokuriku Cisplatin Round-table Conference].

We performed PMU hepatic arterial chemotherapy (a combination therapy consisting of intra-hepatic arterial infusion of CDDP and MMC, oral administration of UFT) in 20 patients with gastric cancer and liver metastases. In this method, 1-6 courses of one infusion of CDDP at 70-100 mg/body and MMC of 10 mg/body into the proper hepatic artery were administered at intervals of 3-4 weeks. UFT of 300-400 mg/day was orally administered with the infusion. The primary response for hepatic metastatic lesions was observed in one case of CR, 14 cases of PR, 4 cases of NC, and one case of PD. The efficacy for CR and PR was high at 75%. The median disease-free interval was 56 weeks in responders. The 50% survival period was 11.1 months; one-year survival rate, 42.1%; two-year survival rate, 12.3%; the longest survival period was 108 weeks. Mild and transient side effects were recognized in 17 cases (85%): gastrointestinal symptoms, sense of general malaise, fever, leukocytopenia, and elevated BUN. Thus, the results indicated that this combination chemotherapy was effective for liver metastases of gastric cancer.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Developmental changes of double-negative (CD3+ 4-8-) T cells in human peripheral blood.

The frequency of double-negative (CD3+4-8-) T cells in the circulating pool was examined for different age groups. Adult peripheral blood contained a substantial but variable proportion of double-negative T cells. Double-negative T cells in adult peripheral blood were shown to lack the alpha/beta heterodimers of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR alpha/beta) but express the gamma chain of the TCR (TCR gamma), when examined using the corresponding monoclonal antibodies. In contrast to adult blood, double-negative, TCR alpha/beta-negative, and TCR gamma-positive T cells were very scarcely demonstrated in the cord blood of newborn infants. It was found that the percentages of double-negative T cells correlated very well with those of TCR alpha/beta negative T cells. These double-negative T cells in the peripheral blood gradually increased with advancing age and reached in frequency the adult level around one year of age. The results suggested that double-negative T cells expressing the TCR gamma/delta might play an ontogenically unique role in the development of the T cell functions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Cytomegalovirus oophoritis with cortical necrosis during remission of acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Ovarian involvement of cytomegalovirus (CMV) is rarely observed in autopsy and biopsy materials. Cortical necrosis of the ovaries was found in an autopsy case with generalized CMV infection. The patient was an 11-year-old girl in a remission state of acute lymphocytic leukemia. Autopsy revealed several areas showing necrotic change up to 2 mm in size in the cortex of both ovaries. Many cytomegalic cells were found in both the necrotic and intact areas of the cortex. CMV had infected the granulosa, thecal and stromal cells as well as vascular endothelial cells. Oocytes of neither primary nor graafian follicles showed cytomegalic changes, although they were destroyed due to the necrosis. CMV antigen was immunohistologically detected in these cytomegalic cells. Ultrastructurally, herpesvirus-type particles were revealed in the nuclei and cytoplasm of the cytomegalic cells. This case demonstrated that ovarian infection with CMV can potentially induce cortical necrosis and decrease the number of oocytes.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Heterogeneity of in vitro growth pattern of megakaryocyte progenitors (CFU-M) in myeloproliferative disorders.

In groups of 26 patients with myeloproliferative disorders (MPD), 8 with chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML); 8 with polycythaemia vera (PV); 10 with essential thrombocythaemia (ET); and 6 patients with reactive thrombocytosis (RT), we studied the growth characteristics of bone marrow CFU-M in agar culture. The bone marrows from all the patients with MPD formed so called endogenous CFU-M colonies, in the absence of PHA-LCM, that increased in a dose-dependent manner with the addition of increasing concentrations of normal human AB-citrated plasma (NH-ABCP), while the bone marrows from all the patients with RT and from healthy controls formed few or no endogenous CFU-M colonies. In MPD, the endogenous CFU-M growth was enhanced by normal T cells in a dose-dependent fashion, and was decreased with the depletion of T cells from the marrow cells. These results suggest that the formation of endogenous CFU-M colonies is caused by hypersensitivity of CFU-M in MPD to NH-ABCP, which may contain a small amount of Meg-CSF, and/or by in vitro T cell stimulation. Among MPD, the endogenous CFU-M growth in ET was significantly lower than that of other MPD patients; however, the total number of ET CFU-M grown in the presence of PHA-LCM was the highest. These data show that the bone marrow CFU-M in MPD are heterogeneous with respect to in vitro growth pattern or sensitivity to exogenous Meg-CSF.

Clone Cells↗
PubMed1988

Effects of pedal rate on respiratory responses to incremental bicycle work.

1. The influence of pedal rate on ventilatory response and breathing pattern during cycle exercise was studied in twelve untrained female subjects performing 15 W/min incremental work on a bicycle at 30 and 60 r.p.m. Comparisons were made within the range of aerobic work rate to avoid additional influences of a developing lactic acidosis. 2. At each pedal rate, CO2 excretion (VCO2) increased progressively to a level of 1.2 1/min with incrementally loaded cycling. With increasing VCO2, minute ventilation (VE), respiratory frequency (f), tidal volume (VT) and end-tidal PCO2 progressively increased. The inspiratory (TI) and expiratory (TE) durations decreased sharply on the transition from rest to unloaded cycling; further decreases occurred during incrementally loaded cycling. 3. Compared to 30 r.p.m., cycle exercise at 60 r.p.m. resulted in greater increases in VE and lower levels of end-tidal PCO2 at any given levels of VCO2. The greater ventilatory responses were due mostly to greater increases in f, which were in turn due to greater decreases in TE. The decrease in TI during cycling was little affected by changes in pedal rate. 4. The different magnitudes of ventilatory and PCO2 responses under the two pedal rate conditions suggest that neurogenic stimuli, central and/or peripheral in origin, participate in the control of exercise hyperpnoea in the non-steady-state phase. The possibility that the ventilatory response to cycle exercise is affected by the way that pedal rate is changed is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Change in time course of posthyperventilation hyperpnea during menstrual cycle.

Ventilatory response after 1 min of voluntary hyperventilation (HV) was studied in 10 healthy women. Before, during, and after HV, end-tidal PCO2 (PETCO2) was maintained at a given level between resting and 60 Torr. After cessation of HV, hyperpnea was seen in 179 out of a total of 195 runs but in the remaining 16 runs in 3 subjects hypopnea occurred, both ventilatory changes being followed by slow recovery to the pre-HV level. The time constant (tau) of the decay process of post-HV hyperpnea was calculated and compared between the follicular (F) and luteal (L) phases of menstruation. For post-HV hypopnea, tau was assumed to be zero. There was an inverse correlation between tau and PETCO2 during the test, the relation being similar in F and L. With a phase change from F to L, tau value at resting PETCO2 increased from 17.7 to 23.7 s. Resting PETCO2 decreased from 40.8 to 37.7 Torr, and minute ventilation (VE) increased by 10%. The increased tau in L was ascribable to the decrease in resting PETCO2 but not to the increased ventilatory activity during the pre-HV period (corresponding to the resting VE) that was probably produced by ventilatory stimulation with progesterone in L. From these results, it is inferred that the ventilatory influence of progesterone might not be exerted on the brain stem, which has been implicated as a locus of the afterdischarge mechanism.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effect of external cues for pedal pacing on breathing pattern during cycle exercise.

Fourteen subjects performed cycle exercise at work loads of 0 and 1 kp, each for 3 min, during which the pedal rate was kept constant by various external cues. Six cues were used in order: no cue (N1), a speedometer dial (S), a flashing light (F), a verbal command (V), a metronome sound (M) and no cue, again (N2). An attempt was to study the effect of these cues on breathing pattern in a lower tidel volume (VT) range during exercise, actually VT increasing to 2 times the resting levels. In N1 and N2, exercise was performed at preferred pedal rates, which were 40 +/- 4 (mean +/- S.E.)rpm and 52 +/- 2 rpm, respectively. Pedaling to other four cues was kept at 50 rpm. Ventilatory responses during exercise were similar in all conditions of cue except N1. Increases in respiratory frequency (f) during exercise were similar in S but greater in F at 0-kp load and in V and M at 1-kp load, compared with N2. The greater increases in f in F, V and M were due to greater shortening in inspiratory (T1) and expiratory (TE) durations. In any conditions of cue, T1 and TE decreased with increasing VT in response to exercise. The present study indicates that (1) breathing pattern during rhythmic exercise is affected by external rhythmic stimuli like F, V and M, and (2) there is no such a VT range that TI and TE remain constant in the VT-TI and VT-TE relations during exercise. cycle exercise: rhythmic cue during exercise; breathing pattern.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Nodular fascitis of the mandible in a child.

Nodular fascitis is an unusual, tumor-like, proliferative, fibroblastic lesion with infiltrative properties. We describe a case of nodular fascitis appearing in the mandible of a 2-year-old boy. A brief review of the literature on this lesion arising from intra or perioral regions, and the importance of differential diagnosis for this lesions are discussed.

Child, Preschool↗