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Biomedical subjects

N T Pedersen

Publications and source records attributed to N T Pedersen.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, preleukemia, and acute myeloproliferative syndrome secondary to treatment of other malignant diseases. II. Bone marrow cytology, cytogenetics, results of HLA typing, response to antileukemic chemotherapy, and survival in a total series of 55 patients.

Secondary acute nonlymphocytic leukemia or its earlier stages, preleukemia or an acute myeloproliferative syndrome with refractory cytopenia and clonal cytogenetic abnormalities of the bone marrow, was diagnosed in 55 patients previously treated for other malignant diseases. In patients with overt leukemia, cytologic, and cytochemical studies showed predominance of the French-American-British (FAB) type M2. Cytogenetic examination demonstrated a normal karyotype in 11 cases, whereas clonal abnormalities were observed in 44 patients. Defects of chromosome 7 were observed in 24 cases, most often -7, and defects of chromosome 5 in 14 cases, most often 5q-. In addition, chromosomes 3 and 17 were possibly nonrandomly involved. Other abnormalities commonly observed in de novo acute nonlymphocytic leukemia as t(8;21) and t(15;17) were not observed and +8 rarely seen in secondary leukemia. The survival from the leukemic complication was short for the whole group of 55 patients (median, 7 months). However, a significantly longer survival was observed in a subgroup of 11 patients with a normal karyotype (P less than 0.01), due to a favorable response to antileukemic chemotherapy, and in a subgroup of 11 patients with -7 or -C as the only cytogenetic abnormality (P less than 0.01), due to a prolonged preleukemic phase, compared with the remaining 33 cases with mostly multiple karyotypic abnormalities. Three preleukemic patients with -7 who were studied during transformation to overt leukemia all developed additional cytogenetic abnormalities. According to the two-step or multistep hypothesis for malignant transformation, the prolonged preleukemic course in patients with -7 as the only abnormality could represent a premalignant stage, in which further evolution is required for development of overt leukemia. The patients showed a random distribution of blood groups and HLA types.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

'Microerosions' in rectal biopsies in Crohn's disease.

Small (less than 1 mm), superficial erosions ('microerosions') have been observed stereo-microscopically in surface-stained rectal biopsies in Crohn's disease (CD). Biopsy specimens from 97 patients with CD, 225 with ulcerative colitis (UC), and a control material of 161 patients were investigated to define the occurrence and significance of the microerosions. In CD they were found in 13% of specimens, in UC in 5%, and in the control material not at all. In CD they were observed only in patients with colonic involvement and were most frequent (44%) in patients with this site of affection exclusively. Granulomas were identified in 62% of the biopsies with microerosions and by examination of two consecutive biopsies from each of these patients, in 85% indicating a positive correlation. In patients with microerosions and a primary diagnosis of UC, granulomas were found in 38% and by examination of two biopsies in 54%. Patients with granulomas and a few other patients were reclassified as CD, but there still remained some patients with microerosions, who most probably had UC. In conclusion, microerosions are observed mainly in CD with colonic involvement. There is a high incidence of granulomas in biopsy specimens with microerosions. The demonstration of microerosions in a specimen is suggestive of, but probably not diagnostic of, CD.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1984

Faecal fat and faecal weight: reproducibility and diagnostic efficiency of various regimens.

The reproducibility of measuring 3-day faecal fat and weight in outpatients, in inpatients served a fixed diet, and in intake-excretion studies was estimated from 64 duplicate measurements. Qualitatively, no significant difference between the results of the three regimens was found. Quantitatively, however, the more controlled the regimen, the better the reproducibility. The diagnostic efficiency of measuring faecal fat was estimated from comparison with the other clinical findings. No significant difference between the three regimes was found, the overall diagnostic efficiency being 83% (95% confidence limits, 71-91%). The inconvenience, the uncontrollable sources of error, and the difficulties in obtaining quantitative information still make measurement of faecal fat and weight inexpedient as a clinical test.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Estimation of 14C-triolein assimilation from postprandial serum radioactivity of 14C.

In an attempt to establish a test of lipid assimilation, based on the measurement of the postprandial serum radioactivity of 14C from ingested 14C-triolein, the activity of 14C was measured in serum samples, drawn 1,2,3,4,6 and 9 h after ingestion in 48 consecutive patients suspected of malassimilation. Simultaneously, faecal excretion of 14C was measured to estimate 14C-triolein assimilation (F-14C-Ass). F-14C-Ass served as reference of 14C-triolein assimilation. The sum of the 2- and 4-h serum concentration of 14C (S-(2 + 4)14C) was found to be most useful as an estimate of 14C-triolein assimilation, with regard to both the diagnostic value and applicability. At a level of 1.0% of dose/l serum, S-(2 + 4)14C correctly discriminated between normal and reduced 14C-triolein assimilation in 83% of the patients (95% confidence limits 70-93%). A significant correlation between 14C-triolein assimilation and S-(2 + 4)14C was found (r = 0.91, P less than 0.001). Since 14C-triolein assimilation correlates closely with the assimilation of dietary lipids, S-(2 + 4)14C seems to provide in a simple way sufficient information about lipid assimilation to be useful as a clinical test.

Carbon Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1982

Incidence of alcoholic chronic pancreatitis in Copenhagen.

A retrospective study of 126 patients with chronic pancreatitis diagnosed from 1970 to 1979 is presented. The aim was to evaluate whether the incidence of chronic pancreatitis had increased and to present briefly the clinical aspects of chronic pancreatitis in Copenhagen. The annual incidence of chronic pancreatitis rose from 6.9 to 10.0 per 100,000 during the 10 years of the study. This increase was only due to an augmentation in the number of patients with alcoholic chronic pancreatitis. Clinical aspects of chronic pancreatitis were similar to those found in other European countries. The present study suggests that alcoholic chronic pancreatitis will be a commoner disease in Denmark in the future.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The role of endoscopic pancreatography in pancreatic ascites.

Pancreatic ascites due to chronic pancreatitis and pancreaticoperitoneal fistula in three patients is reported. The diagnoses were based on amylases in the ascitic fluid. An exact localization of the leakage of pancreatic juice by endoscopic retrograde pancreatography made a rational approach to therapy possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Breast tumour. An unusual manifestation of a carcinoma of the stomach.

A 59-year-old woman presented with an infiltration in the left breast and a large mass of enlarged lymph nodes on the left side of the neck. Radiological and histological examinations showed that the breast involvement was a mastitis carcinomatosa secondary to a carcinoma of the stomach. A review of the literature revealed ten earlier cases of metastases to the breast from a primary carcinoma of the stomach. The cases are discussed especially concerning the way of tumour spread.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Metabolism of ingested 14C-triolein. Estimation of radiation dose in tests of lipid assimilation using 14C-and 3H-labelled fatty acids.

To estimate the radiation dose of ingested 14C- (and 3H-) labelled fatty acids, we measured 14CO2 in samples of expired air in five subjects, and serum 14C activity in four subjects, over 4 weeks. These investigations showed that 25%-40% of ingested 14C-fatty acids were metabolized and expired as 14CO2 within 10 days after ingestion. The residue was expired with a calculated half-life of 493 days. Six days after ingestion of the radiolipids, radioactivity in serum was barely detectable. From these data of 14C-fatty acid metabolism, a total whole-body radiation of 20 mrem/microCi 14C, 8 mrem/microCi 14C the first year, was calculated. The corresponding radiation dose for 3H-fatty acid was 2 mrem/microCi 3H and 1 mrem/microCi 3H respectively. Maximal organ-specific radiation (gonads and lungs) from the blood-borne radioactivity was 1 mrem/microCi of 14C-fatty acid.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Carcinoma of the parathyroid gland. A light and electronmicroscopic study.

The morphological features of a functional parathyroid carcinoma in a 34-year-old female are presented. The case was unique in the high frequency of mitotic figures permitting a tentative diagnosis of malignancy already on frozen sections. The parathyroid nature of the lesion was established ultrastructurally by demonstration of secretory granules, glycogen particles and lipid material within the cytoplasm. Also noteworthy was the presence of annulate lamellae, denoting rapidly growing tissue. Few examples of this lesion are at hand, and ultrastructural studies which provide valuable information regarding the site of origin, have previously been recorded in only 6 publications.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Megakaryocytes in the foetal circulation and in cubital venous blood in the mother before and after delivery.

22 newborn infants delivered by Caesarean section were investigated in order to ascertain the number and morphology of megakaryocytes in the umbilical artery and vein. Averages of 65.5 and 47 MK per ml blood were found, respectively. 25% of MK in the artery and 8% in the vein had copious cytoplasm. Thus there was a significantly higher total number of MK and number of MK with copious cytoplasm in blood from the artery than from the vein (P less than 0.05). In blood from the aorta in 16 newborn infants we found an average of 28 MK per ml blood, 8% had copious cytoplasm. There was a significantly smaller number of MK in the aorta than in both the artery and the vein of the umbilical cord (P less than 0.05). There was the same percentage of MK with copious cytoplasm in the aorta as in the umbilical vein. The number of MK in cubital venous blood from the mother prior to delivery was 17.5 MK per ml and was significantly higher than about 3 months after delivery when it was 5 MK per ml blood, which is a normal value (P less than 0.05). In both series, 1.5% of MK had copious cytoplasm, as in a normal material.

Aorta↗
PubMed1979

Circulating megakaryocytes in patients with pulmonary inflammation and in patients subjected to cholecystectomy.

30 patients with pulmonary inflammation and 17 patients subjected to cholecystectomia à froid were investigated for circulating megakaryocytes in a cubital vein using the saponin-haemolysis leucoconcentration technique. The number of circulating megakaryocytes was significantly higher in patients with pulmonary inflammation than in healthy humans. In 15 patients with bronchitis, bronchopneumonia, and leucocytosis the arithmetic mean was 15.6 megakaryocytes per 1.5 ml blood (range 3 to 47). In 15 patients with bronchitis and a normal leucocyte count the arithmetic mean was similarly 14.1 megakaryocytes per 1.5 ml blood. After cholecystectomy a significant maximum increase in the number of circulating megakaryocytes to 3 times the preoperative value was found on the third postoperative day but not on the other postoperative days. Of the observed megakaryocytes 99% had only a narrow rim of cytoplasm or were naked nuclei.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Serum radioactivity of 14C-triolein and 3H-oleic acid ingested in a test meal:a rapid test of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency.

A double-tracer technique to estimate lipid digestion was investigated. 3H-labelled oleic acid and 14C-labelled triolein were ingested in a test meal. The serum radioactivity of 3H after ingestion of labelled oleic acid depends on absorption and metabolism of free fatty acids, while serum radioactivity of 14C from triolein, in addition to the former, depends on triglycerol digestion. This study shows that the ratio between 3H and 14C 2h after the test meal gives a good qualitative and quantitative estimation of lipid digestion: the 3H/14C ratio in patients with maldigestion is significantly higher than for normals (P less than 0.01), the predictive value of the 3H/14C ratio in the diagnosis of maldigestion is high, that of a positive result being 1.0 and that of a negative 0.93, and quantitatively the 3H/14C ratio shows a highly significant correlation with faecal fat (P less than 0.001). The test is very easy to perform, lasts for only 2 h, and is without discomfort to the patient or nursing and laboratory staff. It gives information like or superior to that of faecal fat measurement.

Adult↗