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Biomedical subjects

N T Gorman

Publications and source records attributed to N T Gorman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Immune-mediated disorders of cats.

Immune-mediated disorders in cats share many clinical and pathologic similarities with their counterparts in other species. Cats, however, are unique among domestic animals owing to the involvement of feline leukemia virus. In addition, a number of other infectious organisms can produce immune-mediated sequelae--that is, FIP virus, FeSFV, and H. felis. Therefore, the diagnostic and therapeutic aims in the management of feline immune-mediated disorders must take into account the probability of a primary or underlying disease process.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1984

Haemostatic mechanisms of the newborn foal: reduced platelet responsiveness.

Whole blood platelet counts, coagulation profiles and in vitro platelet function tests were monitored in newborn foals during the first week of life. Platelet counts, mean platelet volumes and thrombin-induced malondialdehyde production were not different from adult mares. Prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times were slightly, but not significantly, longer for neonatal blood samples than for mare samples. Platelet aggregation responses to serotonin, arachidonic acid or adrenaline did not change during the study. On the other hand, adenosine diphosphate-induced aggregation and collagen-induced aggregation increased progressively over the first week of life. Adrenaline exposure diminished adenosine diphosphate-induced aggregation only during the first 12 h of life. The results of this study indicate that the haemostatic mechanisms of equine neonates are immature at birth and that, during the maturation period, the equine neonate may be at risk of platelet-associated haemorrhagic disorders.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1983

Lumbar epidural chondrosarcoma in a dog treated by excision and chemotherapy.

A 5-year-old dog developed neurologic signs of thoracolumbar spinal cord dysfunction. The presence of an epidural mass which affected the electromyogram of the T-13 to L-3 spinal segments was demonstrated by myelography. Surgical removal was attempted. Examination of frozen and formalin-fixed tissues revealed the mass to be a chondrosarcoma. Doxorubicin hydrochloride was given every third week for a total of 6 doses following surgery. No signs of recurrence or metastases have been found for over 6 months. The differential diagnosis of epidural masses should include chondrosarcoma, even in the absence of vertebral lesions on plain radiographs, as in this case. Rapid diagnosis and aggressive therapy may have improved the prognosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

In vitro modulation of viral cell surface glycoproteins by anti-viral antibody in the presence of complement.

In the presence of optimal concentrations of both anti-viral IgG and complement, cells persistently infected with either measles virus (DS6-PI) or canine distemper virus (CDV-PI) could be lysed. In contrast, in the presence of adequate concentrations of anti-viral IgG but no complement the viral antigens expressed on the cell surface of DS6-PI and CDV-PI cells were lost, i.e. the cells were modulated. It was however possible to show that with critical concentrations of anti-viral IgG but with only moderately depressed levels of complement, modulation of the cells rather than lysis could occur. The implication that this may have in the generation of persistent viral infections in vivo is discussed.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1981

Activation of the alternative complement pathway by normal and transformed cells in homologous and heterologous sera.

A variety of both normal and viral transformed or infected cells have been tested for their ability to activate the alternative pathway of complement in either homologous or heterologous sera. Normal cell lines fail to produce alternative pathway activation in homologous sera but readily activate the alternative pathway in heterologous sera. In contrast, human cells, persistently infected with measles virus or chicken cells transformed with oncogenic avian viruses, produce a marked activation in homologous sera. It is suggested that in certain circumstances, the alternative pathway of complement can discriminate between normal and abnormal "self" cells of foreign cell surfaces.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Malignant cells isolated from Burkitt's lymphoma but not other forms of leukemia activate the alternative complement pathway in human serum.

Cells isolated directly from primary biopsies of Burkitt's lymphoma were found to activate the alternative complement pathway in hypogammaglobulinemic human serum. In contrast, cells isolated from patients with either acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia or chronic myeloid leukemia did not activate. No defects in the ability of Burkitt's lymphoma sera to support alternative pathway activation were detected.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed1980

Intracerebral synthesis of antibodies to measles and distemper viruses in patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and multiple sclerosis.

Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) measles and distemper antibody levels were quantified in a series of twenty patients (four subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE); ten multiple sclerosis (MS); six non-MS neurological cases) using independent competitive inhibition radioimmunoassays. These results were used in a Tourtellotte calculation to measure the intracerebral IgG synthesis to each virus. The results confirmed that in SSPE there is a greatly enhanced intracerebral measles antibody synthesis (6.0 mg/day). However, it was found that in SSPE this represents only part of a general systemic measles hyperimmunization as the intracerebral measles antibody synthesis relative to the total body measles synthesis was not significantly different from other groups (8%); In MS patients there was increased intracerebral immunoglobulin synthesis but the measles antibody levels were neither significantly elevated nor different from the control group. No evidence was found to support the concept that canine distemper virus is implicated in either MS or SSPE.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1980

Clearance of technetium 99m-labeled sulfur colloid particles from the blood in normal dogs and in dogs with hepatic granulomata.

The clearance of technetium 99m-labeled sulfur colloid particles from the blood was studied in a series of seven clinically normal dogs. The effect of recent (6 hours) injections of bacteria bacillus Calmette-Guerin or Corynebacterium parvum markedly impeded the clearance of the colloid from the blood, due to a partial blockade effect. This phenomenon was reversible. When multiple experimentally induced hepatic granulomatous lesions were present, the clearance was similarly impeded. In contrast, however, this was not a reversible event. The possible application of this technique to diagnosis was discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Cell-mediated responses in dogs with spontaneous neoplasms. I. Detection of cell-mediated cytotoxicity by the chromium-51 release assay.

A series of 43 dogs with spontaneous melanomas, sarcomas, or mammary carcinomas were tested for peripheral blood lymphocytotoxicity against a range of allogeneic tumor cells in vitro on one or more occasions during therapy. All tumor-bearer groups contained a proportion of dogs showing a significant 51Cr release with increasing effector-to-target cell ratios. However, cytotoxicity was not restricted for target cells of the same histologic type as that of the effector cell donor. Some unrelated target cells more sensitive to nonspecific effects showed a greater cytotoxicity in some instances. Control effector cells from healthy dogs were nonspecifically cytotoxic for a range of tumor target cells in a similar proportion of instances. Short-term cultures of autochthonous tumor target cells were resistant to lysis in the 51Cr release assay. The findings did not provide evidence for the existence of specific tumor antigens operative to allogeneic 51Cr release cytotoxicity assays.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Cell-mediated responses in dogs with spontaneous neoplasms. II. Detection by direct leukocyte migration inhibition technique.

A series of 39 dogs bearing spontaneous mammary carcinomas or melanomas were tested for tumor-directed immune response against allogeneic Formalin-treated tumor cells. The immune response was assessed by the direct leukocyte migration inhibition technique. Comparison of leukocytes from tumor bearers and healthy donors by chi-square analysis showed no statistical difference between the groups. The findings did not provide evidence for the existence of specific tumor antigens in the dog.

Animals↗