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Biomedical subjects

N Suyama

Publications and source records attributed to N Suyama.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effects of nicorandil on regional cerebral blood flow in patients with chronic cerebral infarction. Preliminary communication.

The effect of a single oral dose of nicorandil (N-2-(hydroxyethyl)-nicotinamide nitrate, CAS 65141-46-0) on the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was studied in 9 patients with cerebral infarction. The rCBF was measured by the Xe-133 inhalation method before and after a single oral 10 mg dose of nicorandil. Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) was mildly but significantly decreased. PeCO2 did not change significantly. Mean rCBF was significantly increased by 20.9% after administration of nicorandil (p less than 0.05). No significant correlation between percentage change in the MABP and percentage change in the rCBF was observed. These results indicate that nicorandil is not just a coronary vasodilator, but also possesses beneficial effects on the cerebral circulation in patients with cerebral infarction.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[A case of interstitial pneumonitis with hemoptysis, BOOP (bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia) pattern, granulomas and foreign body giant cells in lung biopsy].

A 66-year-old male presented to our hospital in January 1990 with chief complaints of hemoptysis and cough. These symptoms had developed 10 months previously and had gradually increased. Fine crepitations were audible over the right lower lung field. There were no results suggesting an inflammatory process such as leucocytosis, elevation of ESR or positive CRP reaction. Chest X-ray film on the first visit showed fine nodular shadows in the right lower lung field, and chest CT revealed fine nodular shadows and mild dilatation of the right lower lobe bronchus. Transbronchial lung biopsy specimens showed granulomas with multinucleated giant cells, alveolitis and Masson bodies. The open lung biopsy specimens showed numerous macrophages and foreign body giant cells, and extensive organizing exudates in the bronchioles and alveolar spaces. Proliferation of smooth muscle and fibrosis around the dilated bronchioles were also seen. Thus, this patient demonstrated BOOP pattern, with granulomas and foreign body giant cells. His hemoptysis appeared to have resulted from inflammation of dilated bronchioles. His symptoms and abnormal shadows on chest X-ray improved without any therapy after admission. After treatment with corticosteroid, the diffuse fine nodular shadows disappeared. There has been no recurrence of symptoms to date, although this patient has continued living in the same environment as prior to admission. BAL findings during his prolonged follow-up revealed decrease in lymphocytes and elevation of CD4/CD8 ratio. Although the presence of granulomas suggests the possibility of an allergic reaction, no antigenic material could be identified in this case.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical and pathological investigation of opportunistic pulmonary mycoses in autopsy cases].

Clinical and pathological investigations were performed in 58 cases of opportunistic pulmonary mycoses diagnosed at autopsy during the 10 years between 1979 and 1988 at Sasebo General City Hospital. The following findings were obtained. 1) The incidence of opportunistic pulmonary mycoses during the 10 years was 7.7%, with a significant increase in the incidence of fungal infections during the last 5 years of the study. The incidence of pulmonary mycoses was higher in patients with blood dyscrasia than in those with solid tumor or benign disease (p less than 0.001). 2) Administration of steroid hormone and anticancer drugs were suspected to be causative factors in the development of pulmonary aspergillosis and cryptococcosis, but not in candidiasis. 3) Characteristic radiographic patterns and clinical symptoms were absent in cases of pulmonary candidiasis due to the small size of the lesions and the high incidence of other complicating pulmonary infections and edema. 4) The most common initial roentgenographic pattern in opportunistic pulmonary aspergillosis was localized infiltrate, subsequently progressing to either multifocal infiltrates or cavitation. 5) The initial symptom in opportunistic pulmonary aspergillosis was usually high fever, and the radiographic abnormalities appeared later. The median duration between onset and death in 19 patients with pulmonary aspergillosis was 23.1 days. 6) Pulmonary aspergillosis should be suspected in the compromised host with high fever refractory to antibiotics and pulmonary infiltrates. Empiric antifungal therapy should be initiated at an early stage for the best chance for survival.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Early diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia by antigen detection using immunobinding assay].

The possibility of rapid diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection by immunobinding assay is described. Immunobinding assay which was developed by Kotani and McGarrity is a simple and rapid method for identification of mycoplasmas. Small amounts of antigen were spotted onto the nitrocellulose membrane. It was treated with a specific rabbit antisera against M. pneumoniae. The antigen-antibody complex was visualised with the avidin-biotin horseradish peroxidase method. Cross reaction was seen between M. pneumoniae and M. genitalium. Throat swabs from hamsters infected with M. pneumoniae were positive on 7th and 14th day after infection. Although the cross reaction was seen between M. pneumoniae and M. genitalium, this method could be useful for rapid diagnosis of M. pneumoniae infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The effect of ryanodine on oxygen free radical-induced dysfunction of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum.

The effect of the plant alkaloid ryanodine on the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) function, which plays a major role in the regulation of intracellular calcium and thereby in the generation of force, was studied by determining oxalate-supported calcium uptake, steady-state calcium load, calcium permeability, intravesicular-free calcium and Ca,Mg-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity of "heavy" vesicles in the presence or absence of the oxygen-free radical-generating system. In vitro generation of oxygen-free radicals by xanthine oxidase (0.09 u/ml), acting on xanthine (25 microM) as a substrate, increased the permeability of the vesicles to calcium, determined by measuring net efflux of calcium after stopping pump-mediated fluxes, and decreased oxalate-supported calcium uptake and steady-state calcium load with no effect on Ca,Mg-ATPase activity. This effect of oxygen-free radicals was inhibited completely by superoxide dismutase, which eliminated completely superoxide anion radical production and caused an anticipated increase in hydrogen peroxide from the xanthine-xanthine oxidase reaction in our system. The xanthine-xanthine oxidase reaction decreased intravesicular-free calcium. The diminished level of intravesicular-free calcium, which was reflected by the decreased steady-state calcium load induced by oxygen-free radicals, was prevented by specific closure of the SR calcium release channel by ryanodine under established optimal conditions; under the same conditions, ryanodine also prevented superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of calcium uptake induced by oxygen-free radicals in the presence or absence of oxalate. Ryanodine was without effect on Ca,Mg-ATPase activity by itself and had no effect on any of the changes in calcium permeability mediated by the generation of oxygen-free radicals under the experimental conditions used.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Cerebral blood flow pattern in progressive supranuclear palsy].

It is known that progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) shows subcortical dementia. The diagnosis of PSP is sometimes difficult because this disorder mimics the clinical features of parkinsonian syndrome. Several PET studies demonstrated frontal hypo-metabolism in PSP patients. We studied the cerebral blood flow (CBF) pattern by single-photon-emission-computed tomography (SPECT) using 123I-isopropyl-iodoamphetamine (IMP) in 5 patients of PSP including one autopsy case. Five PSP patients were 3 men and 2 women, mean age of 67.6 years old. Control groups were 3 normal controls (Normal), 7 patients of Parkinson's disease (PD), 5 patients of olive-pontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA), and 4 patients of dementia of Alzheimer's type (DAT). CBF was measured by 123I-IMP SPECT using 400 AC/T Starcam (GE). CBF was measured by semi-quantitative methods. Regions of Interest (ROI's) were located at cerebellar, basal ganglion, and lateral ventricle levels. Each count of ROI was divided by the count of occipital ROI. In all PSP patients, the ratio of relative blood flow to occipital lobe in the frontal and fronto-temporal regions were most markedly affected, showing average reduction rates of 66.6% and 65.5%. These rates showed statistically significant differences to other control degenerative neurological diseases. Our these results correspond to the former PET studies. Moreover, frontal hypoperfusion progressed with advancing clinical stage. The results indicate that CBF study with SPECT is useful to confirm the diagnosis of PSP. It is necessary to clarify the role of the damage in basal ganglia for frontal hypometabolic pattern.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Activity of macrolides against organisms responsible for respiratory infection with emphasis on Mycoplasma and Legionella.

The activity of roxithromycin against Legionella pneumophila in vitro was approximately the same as that of rokitamycin and superior to those of erythromycin and josamycin. In experimental pneumonia due to L. pneumophila none of the animals in the roxithromycin and rifampicin groups died by day 10 of the infection. The MIC ranges of roxithromycin, erythromycin and rokitamycin for Mycoplasma pneumoniae were 0.008-0.063, 0.004-0.008 and 0.016-greater than 125, respectively. In experimental pneumonia caused by M. pneumoniae, roxithromycin showed good activity similar to that of erythromycin.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Sialylated Lewis x as a tumor-associated antigen in stomach cancer].

Sialylated Lewis (S-Lex) has been studied histologically and serologically in stomach cancer by the CSLEX1 monoclonal antibody. S-Lex was expressed in 73.9% of 46 stomach cancer tissues, 29.4% of metaplastic parts adjacent to cancer, and none of six gastric ulcer tissues including metaplasia. Serologically positive percentages were as follows: 26.0% of 100 stomach cancers, 0.9% of 322 benign diseases, and 0.7% of 280 healthy donors in the sera, as well as 72.4% of 29 ascites of stomach cancers and 5.3% of 17 effusions of benign diseases. These findings demonstrate that S-Lex possesses a potential usefulness as a tumor marker in stomach cancer.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

Sialosylated Lewisx in the sera of cancer patients detected by a cell-binding inhibition assay.

A new cell-binding inhibition assay to detect tumor-associated antigens in sera was developed. This assay determined that sialosylated Lewisx, as detected by the CSLEX1 monoclonal antibody, is present in the sera of 95% of patients with advanced lung adenocarcinomas. Sera with inhibition titers of 1:16 or higher were presumed to contain sialosylated Lewisx. Tests of over 900 sera samples from both malignant and benign disease patients yielded the following percentages of positive inhibition: lung cancers, 43.8%; stomach cancer, 26.0%; colon cancer, 44.4%; gall bladder and bile duct cancers, 47.8%; pancreas cancer, 37.5%; breast cancer, 26.7%; cancers of the hematopoietic system, 2.9%; benign diseases, 0.9% (332 sera); and normal healthy donors, 0.7% (280 sera). Within the lung cancer group, 95% of the sera from 21 advanced (Stages III and IV) nontreated adenocarcinoma patients gave positive results with high inhibition titers, whereas only 27% of sera from treated advanced adenocarcinoma patients yielded positive results. The sensitivity of the cell-binding inhibition assay is similar to those of the solid-phase radioimmunosandwich and reverse passive-hemagglutination assays. Reproducibility tests yielded an r value of 0.90. These results suggest that this simple cell-binding inhibition assay could be applied with monoclonal antibodies, such as CSLEX1, to monitor cancer.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

Use of monoclonal antibodies to sialylated Lewisx and sialylated Lewisa for serological tests of cancer.

A new monoclonal antibody, CSLEX1, directed against sialylated Lewisx was tested in parallel with a monoclonal antibody, CSLEA1, directed against sialylated Lewisa antigen. In tests with a solid-phase radioimmune sandwich assay, the sialylated Lewisx monoclonal antibody detected sera from certain cancer patients that were negative with the sialylated Lewisa monoclonal antibody. Some sera from cancer patients showed the reverse reaction. We conclude that the combined use of these two monoclonal antibodies detects a wider range of sera from cancer patients than the use of a single antibody alone. It should be possible in the future to use multiple monoclonal antibodies to increase detection.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

Characterization of sialosylated Lewisx as a new tumor-associated antigen.

A monoclonal antibody CSLEX1 which reacts with sialosyl Lex but not with sialosyl Lea has been produced. The CSLEX1 antigen has a tissue distribution similar to that of Lex, appearing characteristically in the proximal tubules of the kidney and on granulocytes. It is tumor associated in that 14 of 34 (41%) of tumor lines tested reacted with the CSLEX1 antibody, and 50 of 74 (68%) of tumor tissues tested reacted with the antibody. Loss of immunoperoxidase staining of tissues after neuraminidase treatment showed that the antibody is reacting to sialyl derivatives. The antibody reacted in solid-phase radioimmunoassay to sialosyllactofucopentaosyl(III)ceramide and sialosyldifucosylganglioside (6B). These results indicate that the CSLEX1 epitope has the following structure: (formula: see text) This structure had not previously been known to be tumor associated.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

A monoclonal antibody, CSTO-1, against a stomach adenocarcinoma-associated antigen.

A monoclonal antibody, CSTO-1, has been produced against a stomach adenocarcinoma-associated antigen. The antibody is cytotoxic to stomach, colon, and lung adenocarcinoma lines but is completely noncytotoxic to normal blood elements and leukemic cell lines. The monoclonal antibody reacts with tumor cell membranes in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and is negative to cell membranes from various normal tissues. By immunoperoxidase testing, the antibody reacts with 18 of 22 stomach adenocarcinomas, 11 of 16 colon adenocarcinomas, 3 of 4 squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, and 1 of 4 lung adenocarcinomas. In addition, the antibody reacts with the superficial epithelium of normal tissues such as colon, stomach, esophagus, acinar cells and duct epithelium of the pancreas, bronchial epithelium of the lung, and sweat duct epithelium of the skin. Thus, the CSTO-1 antibody reacts to an antigen present in normal superficial epithelia, as well as on various tumors. It is of potential use in detecting these antigens on tumor sections and eventually may be used in immunotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗