Amino acid sequence of the COOH-terminal portion of the arginine-lysine-rich histone of calf thymus.
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Acylation↗
Biomedical subjects
N Sugano
Publications and source records attributed to N Sugano.
Homology of the amino terminal sequences of the AL and GAR calf thymus histones.
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Amino Acid Sequence↗
Mitogenic activities of heteroglycan and heteroglycan-protein fractions from culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia.
The water soluble material (LEM) was prepared from the solid culture medium in which Lentinus edodes mycelia were growing actively. An alcohol insoluble material was prepared from LEM and subjected to Sepharose 6B gel filtration. The void fraction (LAP1) was composed mainly of xylose-rich heteroglycan and protein. From LAP1, a heteroglycan fraction (LAF1) was prepared by DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography. LAP1 and LAF1 enhanced the incorporation of [3H]thymidine into mouse splenic cells (SPs). At each of the optimum doses, the rate of the incorporation was about 10 times as high with LAF1 as with LAP1. Such mitogenic responses were not induced in nylon-column effluent SPs and thymocytes. sIg-expressed cells were responsive to LAF1, but not to LAP1. Moreover, with each fraction, the incorporation was enhanced more in plastic adherent splenic cells (ADs) than in SPs. The flow cytometric assay revealed that the number of Mac-1+ cells is about 13 times as many in ADs as in SPs and that the number of Ly-5+ or Thy-1.2+ cells is considerably reduced in ADs compared with that in SPs. Thus, the present studies suggest that LAP1 and LAF1 act as mitogens predominantly for mouse splenic macrophages and/or monocytes.
Animals↗
Productions of interferon-gamma and nitrite are induced in mouse splenic cells by a heteroglycan-protein fraction from culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia.
A xylose-rich heteroglycan-protein fraction (LAP1) was prepared from a solid culture medium in which Lentinus edodes mycelia were growing actively. Mouse splenic cells (SPs) were incubated with [3H]TdR in the presence of LAP1. The incubated SPs were fractionated into plastic adherent splenic cells (ADs), nylon-column effluent splenic cells (NEs) and sIg-expressed splenic cells (SIs), which are rich in Mac-1+, Thy-1.2+ and Ly-5+ cells, respectively. The incorporation of [3H]TdR in response to LAP1 was enhanced in each of the fractionated cell populations. Northern or dot blot hybridization showed that productions of IFN-gamma and its receptor mRNAs are induced predominantly in NEs. In another experiment, SPs were fractionated into ADs, NEs and SIs. Then, NE-AD, SI-AD and NE-SI mixtures were prepared and incubated in the same manner. A significant incorporation of [3H]TdR was shown only in the NE-AD mixture. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that IFN-gamma production in response to LAP1 is induced in SPs or in the NE-AD mixture, but not in NEs alone. The level of the production was about 5 times higher in the mixture than in SPs after a 72 h incubation. Moreover, LAP1 was capable of inducing NO2- production in SPs. Thus, the present studies imply that this heteroglycan-protein fraction stimulates productions of IFN-gamma and nitrite in mouse splenic cells, augmenting antitumor immune response(s).
Animals↗
Anticarcinogenic actions of water-soluble and alcohol-insoluble fractions from culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia.
The water-soluble (LEM) and alcohol-insoluble (LAP and LAP1) fractions were prepared from the culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia which was composed of bagasse and rice bran. LEM suppressed rat hepatocarcinogenesis and its cell proliferation of rat-ascites hepatoma to about 50% or less of each control group. LAP also suppressed cell proliferation at almost the same rate. LAP1 induced many small cells in the ascites and significantly raised the survival rate of hepatoma-bearing rats. Thus, anticarcinogenic action was revealed in LAP or LAP1 fractions which were mainly composed of xylose-containing polysaccharide and protein.
Agaricales↗
Segmentation of avascular necrosis of the femoral head using 3-D MR images.
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) is a common clinical disorder in the orthopedic field. Traditional approaches to study the extent of ANFH rely primarily on manual segmentation of clinical magnetic resonance images (MRI). However, manual segmentation is insufficient for quantitative evaluation and staging of ANFH. This paper presents a new computerized approach for segmentation of necrotic lesions of the femoral head. The segmentation method consists of several steps including histogram based thresholding, 3-D morphological operations, oblique data reconstruction, and 2-D ellipse fitting. The proposed technique is rapid and efficient. In addition, it is available as a Microsoft Windows free software package on the Internet. Feasibility of the method is demonstrated on the data sets of 30 patients (1500 MR images).
Femur↗
A comparison of alternative methods of measuring femoral anteversion.
PURPOSE: Although CT scans are widely believed to provide the most accurate measurements of femoral anteversion, any estimate of the anteversion of the femur depends on the accuracy of the calculated axis of the femoral neck. We devised a method to measure the anteversion of the femur precisely using a 3D femoral computer model reconstructed from digitized femoral contours. Using this method, we compared the accuracy of three popular methods of anteversion measurement based on CT scans. METHOD: The three popular CT methods were as follows: (a) the classic method of Weiner et al., based on a single CT image; (b) the method of Reikerås et al., in which the neck axis is defined by two superimposed images of the femoral head and neck; and (c) the method of Murphy et al., utilizing centroids of the head and the medullary canal. The accuracy of the single slice method was also examined using slices taken at four different neck slice levels within the proximal femur. CT scans of 30 femora were obtained using a helical CT scanner and reconstructed using custom software. RESULTS: Based on the 3D model, the true anteversion of the femora averaged 19.8 +/- 9.3 degrees (SD). Using the method of Weiner et al., the anteversion of the femora was underestimated by an average of 6.4 degrees (predicted value 13.4 +/- 10.4 degrees). Conversely, Murphy et al.'s method overestimated anteversion by an average of 6.3 degrees with an average value of 26.0 +/- 9.1 degrees. The difference between the true anteversion and the values predicted by both of these methods was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The average anteversion measured according to the method of Reikerås et al. was 17.8 +/- 8.9 degrees, 2.0 degrees less than the true anteversion of the sample (p < 0.005). Anteversion angles predicted from a slice just below the inferior edge of the head averaged 18.3 +/- 9.5 degrees, only 1.5-3.1 degrees less than the true anteversion of the femur (p = 0.14). CONCLUSION: The single slice CT method has sufficient accuracy for use, provided the slice is taken just below the femoral head. In cases with a femoral head deformity or a valgus neck or where difficulty is encountered in positioning the patient, 3D reconstruction appears essential for accurate measurement of anteversion.
Adult↗
Subcutaneously implanted enteral nutrition port.
BACKGROUND: Patients who have undergone esophagectomy with extensive lymph node dissection under thoracolapalotomy for advanced esophageal carcinomas frequently need long-term nutrition support because of their inadequate oral intake. We have used tube enterostomy feeding for these patients not only immediately after the operations but also at home to prevent the development of malnutrition. Patients who receive long-term tube enterostomy feeding often suffer from skin problems around the enteral nutrition catheters. Once the catheter is removed, the patient with anticipated malnutrition is subsequently unable to receive beneficial enteral nutrition. We have developed a new enteral access system that is placed subcutaneously. This subcutaneously implanted enteral nutrition port makes possible intermittent and long-term enteral nutrition support not only for the postoperative period but also for home care. METHODS: This system consists of the port (Infuse-a-Port, SMAP15 Snaplock Macro-Port Venous Access System; Strato Medical Co) and the enteral nutrition tube (Enteral Tube 8F, 75 cm; Zeon Co). This system was applied to seven patients who had undergone esophagectomy. The port was placed on the lower chest subcutaneously, and the catheter was placed through the gastric tube and duodenum up to the jejunum. After the operation, a 20-gauge port needle was placed, and enteral nutrition formula (Enterued; Termo Co) was started with the enteral nutrition pump. RESULTS: No complications (eg, infection of skin, obstruction of tube) were observed from the postoperative period through the home care stage. The observation period for this implanted system ranged from 2 to 12 months. The patients were able to avoid the malnutrition anticipated after the extensive operations and continued to receive nutrition support safely and effectively at home. CONCLUSION: This new nutrition support system is safe and efficient for patients who anticipate long-term enteral nutrition support. A subcutaneously implanted enteral nutrition port makes possible intermittent and long-term nutrition support without patient discomfort and inconvenience.
Enteral Nutrition↗
Atherosclerotic abdominal aorta saccular protrusion.
Fourteen saccular abdominal aortic protrusion patients (ages ranged from 55 to 84, mean age 69.1 years) were reported. Their lesions were pathologically or bacteriologically suggested to be of atherosclerotic origin. Other origins were eliminated by using the patients past history or physical and diagnostic examination. All patients were classified into 1 of 3 types; solitary, adjacent to fusiform AAA, and independent of fusiform AAA. Diagnosis and surgical techniques were complicated when coexisting with a fusiform abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and located in the AAA neck. The treatment of choice for 13 patients was surgery. Postoperatively two patients died of hepatic failure at 5 weeks, and from apoplexia at four months, after surgery, respectively. The remaining patients' prognosis is good after a 3-month to 6-year follow-up with a mean period of 2.9 years except 1 medically treated patient. Accordingly, atherosclerotic abdominal aorta saccular protrusion should be carefully diagnosed and be surgically treated in the usual AAA manner. Only juxtarenal saccular protrusions require careful reconstruction, preserving the renal or visceral function.
Aged↗