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Biomedical subjects

N Sneige

Publications and source records attributed to N Sneige.

137 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiofrequency ablation of solid tumors.

Radiofrequency ablation of solid tumors is produced by frictional heating caused when ions in the tissue attempt to follow the changing directions of a high-frequency alternating current. The radiofrequency probe is typically placed under ultrasound guidance, and the ablation is performed with real-time ultrasound monitoring. Radiofrequency ablation has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of unresectable hepatic tumors, and promising results have also been obtained in tumors of the lung, bone, brain, kidney, prostate gland, and pancreas. Most recently, radiofrequency ablation has been tested in the treatment of invasive breast tumors. A preliminary study reported that intraoperative radiofrequency ablation causes invasive breast cancer cell death in patients with locally advanced breast cancer. An ongoing study is investigating the use of radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of breast tumors 2 cm or less in diameter.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Plasmacytoid transitional cell carcinoma. Report of a case with initial presentation mimicking multiple myeloma.

The case of a 63-year-old man with a previously undescribed morphologic variant of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is reported. The patient initially presented with multiple lytic bony metastases of the ribs and skull. Aspiration biopsy of one of the lytic lesions of the skull showed tumor cells with a striking plasmacytoid appearance, similar to the plasma cells seen in myeloma, leading to an initial observer's diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Subsequently, a bladder tumor with the same cytomorphology was found; immunohistochemical and ultra structural studies performed on the aspirated material and on the bladder biopsy specimen clearly established the epithelial nature of this neoplasm.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Myospherulosis. Fine needle aspiration cytologic findings in 19 cases.

An analysis was made of 19 cases of myospherulosis seen on fine needle aspirates of mammary and subcutaneous tissue masses. Myospherulosis, best seen with the Papanicolaou stain, appeared as 4 microns to 7 microns spherules that were homogeneously smooth or contained one or more internal dense bodies. The spherules were dispersed singly or aggregated into sac-like structures. Myospherulosis accompanied 16 benign and 3 malignant conditions. In two aspirates, myospherulosis was seen simultaneously with breast carcinoma; in another, fat necrosis with myospherulosis masked an underlying breast malignancy. In 10 of the 12 aspirates from patients with previous tissue trauma, it accompanied evidence of fat necrosis and mesenchymal repair; in 4 aspirates, no other underlying condition was apparent. These findings indicate that myospherulosis is not an uncommon finding in fine needle aspirates of fatty sites; it often accompanies fat necrosis and mesenchymal repair. The presence of myospherulosis in aspirates of clinically suspicious masses does not exclude an underlying malignancy.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphologic and immunocytochemical evaluation of 220 fine needle aspirates of malignant lymphoma and lymphoid hyperplasia.

A total of 220 fine needle aspiration (FNA) specimens from 212 patients with clinically suspected or previously histologically confirmed lymphoma were evaluated by cytology in conjunction with immunophenotyping analysis of the aspirate; the results were compared with the histologic diagnosis made on previous or current accessions of lymph node or extranodal tissue. Smears of the aspirates were stained with the Diff-Quik and Papanicolaou stains while immunoperoxidase staining using antibodies against kappa and lambda immunoglobulin light chains and Leu-4 was routinely performed on Cytospin preparations. Where indicated, additional marker studies (including T-200, Leu-1, Leu-2a, Leu-3a + 3b, Leu-M1, B1, Leu-12, IgM, CALLA and TdT) were performed. For the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, specimens were classified by the cytologic characteristics of the neoplastic cells according to the International Working Formulation scheme. The combination of cytologic smears and immunoperoxidase studies resulted in a diagnosis of lymphoma in 173 cases (79%). The remaining aspirates were interpreted as suspicious for lymphoma (7%), benign (10%) or inadequate for diagnosis (4%). Of the 15 suspicious aspirates, 5 proved to be Hodgkin's disease and 2 to be T-cell lymphoma by subsequent biopsy. The cause of failure in the nine inadequate aspirates were necrosis (3 cases), sclerosis (2 cases) and faulty technique (4 cases). In the cases that had concurrent tissue biopsies, no false-positive diagnoses were rendered. These results indicate that FNA used in association with immunocytochemistry is a reliable tool for establishing the diagnosis and classification of the majority of cases of lymphoma. Optimal immunoglobulin light-chain ratios for defining monoclonality in FNA specimens of B-cell lymphomas are proposed.

Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Müllerian inclusions in peritoneal washings. Potential source of error in cytologic diagnosis.

Müllerian inclusions in peritoneal washings from female patients may be mistaken for adenocarcinoma. Such findings were studied in the peritoneal washing cytology specimens from eight cases. The inclusions usually presented as tubular or papillary structures, often forming a single layer of epithelium surrounding psammoma bodies. The cells forming these structures often displayed some degree of atypia. Recognition of this entity in peritoneal fluids is important to avoid a misdiagnosis of disseminated cancer. A general outline is proposed for interpreting such findings in peritoneal washings, based on the cytomorphology of these structures as well as the microscopic features of the primary neoplasms.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Liesegang-like rings in fine needle aspirates of renal/perirenal hemorrhagic cysts.

Periodic structures with equally spaced radial striations, identified as Liesegang-like rings, were encountered in fine needle aspirates of two patients' hemorrhagic renal/perirenal cysts. The patients, one 60 and the other 39 years old, had acute right-flank pain; both underwent nephrectomy. The ring structures ranged in size from 8 microns to 200 microns in diameter and had regularly striated double walls. Histochemical and immunoperoxidase tests for iron, calcium, mucopolysaccharides, amyloid, keratin and hemoglobin performed on the tissue sections of the resected specimens gave negative results. With electron microscopy, the ring structures of one of the cases displayed a fine fibrillary composition. Since these Liesegang-like structures may be mistaken for parasites or necrotic tissue, pathologists should be aware of them. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Liesegang-like rings in the cytology literature.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of monoclonal antibody HMB-45 in the cytologic diagnosis of melanoma.

The value of mouse monoclonal antibody (MAb) HMB-45 for the diagnosis of melanoma was retrospectively evaluated in cytologic preparations. Twenty-two (68.7%) of the 32 melanoma cases studied reacted with MAb HMB-45 while none of the 36 nonmelanoma tumors stained with this antibody. These results indicate that MAb HMB-45 can be helpful in the diagnosis of melanoma, especially in those patients who have no clinical indications of having a metastatic melanoma or in some cases in which the presence of melanin cannot be demonstrated by special histochemical stains.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration cytology of thymolipoma. A case report.

A case of thymolipoma in a 14-year-old girl diagnosed prospectively by fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy is reported. The cellular constituents of the aspirate, lymphocytes and epithelial cells, were characterized by routine cytology and immunocytochemistry. Although primarily based on the FNA cytology, the diagnosis was supported by the patient's clinical history and the radiographic demonstration of a fat density mass. This appears to be the first description of thymolipoma in a fine needle aspirate.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration cytology of extramedullary chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) shows extramedullary involvement in 10% of cases. We report the cytologic findings of fine needle aspiration (FNA) of recurrent CML in extramedullary sites in 11 patients with CML. The patients' ages ranged from 24 to 62 years (median, 38 years). There were seven male and four female patients. The aspiration sites were mostly lymph nodes (cervical in 7, retroperitoneal in 2, axillary in 1) and abdominal wall soft tissue (1). The numbers of blasts in the aspirates ranged from 27% to over 90%. Confirmation of the myeloid nature of the blasts was done using naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase in one case. Cytologic and flow cytometric immunotyping was done in eight cases. Two cases were based on cytomorphologic features only. Two of the eight immunophenotyped aspirates showed evidence of T-lymphoblastic differentiation. Another showed a mixed myeloid and T-cell phenotype. Blasts were seen in the peripheral blood and bone marrow in 4 of the 11 patients. We thus conclude that extramedullary involvement by CML in our series was associated with younger age, high incidence of cervical lymphadenopathy, increased blasts and frequent lack of bone marrow and peripheral blood involvement. T-cell phenotypes appeared to be higher in our series than reported in the literature. This suggests that there is a need for phenotyping some aspirates of recurrent extramedullary CML, mainly to evaluate the possibility of dedifferentiation and its possible impact on the behavior of the neoplasm.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interphase nucleolar organizer regions in the evaluation of serosal cavity effusions.

Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) were determined in 38 pleural and peritoneal effusions from patients with malignant solid tumors. The results were correlated with the cytologic diagnosis and flow cytometric DNA analysis to determine the diagnostic potential of this technique. Cytologically, 13 effusions were benign, 23 malignant and 2 indeterminate (5.2%). The mean AgNOR counts for benign, malignant and indeterminate specimens were 2.99, 3.94 and 3.50, respectively. Low AgNOR counts (< 4.0) were obtained in 12 (90.9%) of the 13 benign, 16 (60.0%) of the 23 malignant and 1 of the indeterminate effusions. High AgNOR counts (> 4.0) were noted in 1 (9.1%) of the benign, 7 (35.0%) of the malignant and 1 (5.0%) of the indeterminate specimens. There was no statistically significant difference between the AgNOR count in benign and malignant effusions (P = .48). All 10 benign effusions analyzed with flow cytometry were DNA diploid. Seven (35.0%) of the 20 cytologically malignant effusions were DNA aneuploid, and 13 (70.0%) were DNA diploid. Proliferative activity was low (< 7.0%) in 23 cases and high (> 7.0%) in 7 (6 malignant and 1 benign). There was no statistical correlation between the AgNOR count and DNA ploidy (P = .11) or proliferative activity (P = .23). We conclude that the AgNOR method lacks sensitivity as a diagnostic tool for serosal cavity effusions.

Adenocarcinoma↗