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Biomedical subjects

N Shimoda

Publications and source records attributed to N Shimoda.

65 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Experimental and clinical studies of urethral anesthesia on etiology and treatment of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia].

We studied whether detrusor-sphincter synergia during micturition was obtained by means of urethral anesthesia with lidocaine hydrochloride in five thoracic spinal cats and eight clinical cases with detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia. In thoracic spinal cats with detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia, urethral anesthesia produced detrusor-sphincter synergia, an increase in the maximum bladder pressure and a decrease in the residual volume. In clinical cases with detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia, urethral anesthesia produced detrusor-sphincter synergia or a decrease in the external urethral sphincter activities during micturition, and a decrease in the maximum urethral closure pressure and the residual volume. There were no remarkable changes of the external urethral sphincter activities during urine storage phase before and after urethral anesthesia in both spinal cats and clinical cases. These results suggest that urethral anesthesia blocks the urethro-urethral contraction reflex and secondarily activates vesico-urethral relaxation reflex. The block of urethral sensory nerves is thought to effectively treat detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMed1991

[Identification of effective region of the pons in response to inaperisone which facilitates urine storage].

To identify the effective region of the pons in response to inaperisone which facilitates urine storage, inaperisone (100 mM, 0.2 microliters) was injected into the nucleus locus coeruleus alpha (LCa, the pontine micturition center), the nucleus locus subcoeruleus (LSC, the pontine urine storage center) and the nucleus reticularis pontis oralis (PoO, micturition inhibitory region) of the decerebrate cats. On reflex micturition, inaperisone injection into the LSC decreased voiding volume, and increased residual volume and bladder capacity, significantly. However, there was no difference in the maximum bladder pressure before and after inaperisone injection into the LSC. Inaperisone injection into the LCa or the PoO had no influence on reflex micturition. These results suggest that effective region of the pons in response to inaperisone is the LSC, and that inaperisone facilitates the urine storage neural mechanism in the LSC.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Non-invasive imaging diagnosis of left renal vein compression causing hematuria. Part 2. CT].

Left renal veins of 77 patients were examined by computed tomography (CT) to evaluate its usefulness in determining the left renal vein compression which is causing renal bleeding. From CT image, left renal vein compression was observed in 6 (86%) of the 7 cases which had been classified as idiopathic renal bleeding, in 9 (21%) of the 42 cases which had urinary tract diseases causing hematuria, and in 3 (11%) of the 28 cases which did not have hematuria. In 15 of the 18 cases of left renal vein compression, left renal vein was compressed between the superior mesenteric artery and the abdominal aorta, showing so-called nutcracker phenomenon. In the remaining 3 cases, however, the superior mesenteric artery provided sharp delineation from the abdominal aorta. The superior mesenteric artery and the abdominal aorta made the mean angle of 35.5 degree in patients with normal left renal vein, the mean angle of 45.4 degrees in those with left renal vein compression without nutcracker phenomenon, and the mean angle of 11.9 degrees in those with nutcracker phenomenon. CT was superior to ultrasonography, in revealing left renal vein compression.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Use of benzyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-(2-O-methyl-beta-D-galactosyl)-beta- D-glucopyranoside [2'-O-methyllacto-N-biose I beta Bn] as a specific acceptor for GDP-fucose: N-acetylglucosaminide alpha(1----4)-L-fucosyltransferase.

A synthetic substrate, benzyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-(2-O-methyl-beta-D- galactopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, was demonstrated to be a specific acceptor for the Lewis blood group-specified alpha(1----4)-L-fucosyltransferase from human saliva and stomach mucosa. The fucosyl linkage of the product resulting from the use of this substrate isolated by paper chromatography was characterized by hydrolysis with specific alpha(1----3)/(1----4)-L- fucosidase. The product can be separated by adsorption onto the reverse-phase cartridge and recovered by one-step elution with methanol. The enzymatic properties of alpha(1----4)-L-fucosyltransferase from saliva and stomach mucosa have also been examined using this substrate.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1990

Control of expression of Agrobacterium vir genes by synergistic actions of phenolic signal molecules and monosaccharides.

Most virulence (vir) genes of Agrobacterium tumefaciens that are required for the formation of crown gall tumors are expressed in response to such plant signal molecules as acetosyringone and lignin precursors. The phenolic signals are transduced through a receptor VirA protein in the inner membrane of the bacterial cell. The expression of these genes triggers the transfer of a specific DNA segment, called transferred DNA (T-DNA), from the Ti plasmid to plant cells, and its integration into their nuclear DNA. We show here that a group of aldoses (L-arabinose, D-xylose, D-lyxose, D-glucose, D-mannose, D-idose, D-galactose, and D-talose) can markedly enhance acetosyringone-dependent expression of vir genes when the concentration of acetosyringone is limited (10 microM) but does not enhance the expression of noninducible genes. Likewise, a 2-deoxy-D-glucose, a nonmetabolized sugar, is also effective. When a deletion was introduced into the virA gene in the region encoding the periplasmic portion of the VirA protein, enhancement by glucose disappeared, but vir expression was induced by acetosyringone in this mutant. These results suggest that these sugars directly enhance a signaling process initiated by phenolic inducers that results in an increase in expression of the vir genes.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1987

Carbohydrate moieties of peanut agglutinin receptors isolated from human gastric cancer cells.

Receptors for peanut agglutinin (PNA) were isolated from Kato III human gastric cancer cells by affinity chromatography on PNA agarose, and were labeled by the galactose oxidase-NaB3H4 method. Alkaline NaBH4 treatment of the labeled receptors released two small oligosaccharide alcohols, which were identified as Gal beta 1----3GalNAc-ol and Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----6(Gal beta 1----3)GalNAc-ol. Higher oligosaccharides and glycopeptides of both N- and O-linked type were also detected, but they did not appear to bear PNA binding sites. The presence of oligo-N-acetyllactosamine units in the N-linked type sugars was indicated by endo-beta-galactosidase digestion.

Carbohydrates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of IGF-1 on protein metabolism in burned rats.

The effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on the catabolic and immune response induced by thermal injury were studied in burned rats fed by TPN. An increase of synthesis greater than the increase of breakdown resulted in improved nitrogen retention in the IGF-1 group. There was no effect on the mRNA in the structural proteins of the skeletal muscle and liver. However, the gene expression of albumin and the structural proteins of the diaphragm increased significantly in the rats receiving IGF-1. The proliferation of the gut mucosa and the fractional protein synthesis rate of the small intestine increased, and the endotoxin content of the liver and spleen were smaller in the burned rats that received IGF-1. Delayed type hypersensitivity increased significantly (p < .01) in the IGF-1 group. In conclusion, IGF-1 improved the whole-body protein metabolism, and albumin and respiratory muscle protein synthesis in the burned rats. It significantly promoted the proliferation of the intestinal mucosa, and reduced the intestinal translocation of endotoxin. Cellular immunity was also enhanced.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genetic control of delayed type hypersensitivity to Mycobacterium leprae antigen.

The mechanism of genetic control of Mycobacterium leprae-specific delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) in mice was investigated in terms of footpad swelling response. Studies with various congenic and recombinant inbred strains of mouse revealed that M. leprae-specific DTH was controlled by genes within the I-A subregion. The footpad swelling response showed an antigen-specific pattern, revealing that M. leprae antigen was not cross-reactive with M. tuberculosis antigen. Treatment of immune lymphoid cells with monoclonal antibodies plus complement revealed that the cells responsible for DTH transfer were Lyt-2-, L3T4+ T cells. Suppressor T cell activity was not detected in low-responder mice.

Animals↗