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Biomedical subjects

N Sato

Publications and source records attributed to N Sato.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Short exposure of intestinal epithelial cells to TNF-alpha and histamine induces Mac-1-mediated neutrophil adhesion independent of protein synthesis.

Neutrophils play an important role in intestinal inflammation by interacting with intestinal epithelial cells. In this study, we evaluated neutrophil adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells using intestinal epithelial cell line HT29 stimulated with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and histamine for a short time (30 min). The TNF-alpha and histamine stimulation markedly increased neutrophil adhesion. The increased adhesion was inhibited by anti-CD11b and anti-CD18 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), but not by anti-CD11a and anti-CD54 (ICAM-1) mAbs. It is interesting that flow cytometric analysis revealed that ICAM-1 expression on HT29 cells was not changed by TNF-alpha and histamine stimulation. Moreover, the increased adhesion was inhibited by proteinase K treatment but not cycloheximide treatment of HT29 cells. Together these observations suggest that short exposure of HT29 cells to TNF-alpha and histamine induces CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1)-dependent but CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1)-independent neutrophil adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells, and ICAM-1 is not likely to be involved in the interactions. Furthermore, epithelial cell ligand(s) for neutrophils is likely protein molecule(s) that is expressed on the cell by stimulation independent protein synthesis. However, it is also possible that neutrophil activating factor(s), which stimulates neutrophils to bind with epithelial ligands via Mac-1, is expressed by epithelial cells during stimulation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

Establishment and characterization of human pancreatic carcinoma lines with a high metastatic potential in the liver of nude mice.

To investigate of human pancreatic cancer metastasis to the liver, a pancreatic carcinoma line, HPC-3, was injected into the spleens of nude mice. The cells from a few liver metastatic foci of the mice injected with HPC-3 were expanded in vitro and subsequently injected into the spleens of nude mice. By repeating these procedures, we were able to obtain a cell line, designated HPC-3H4. The mice were observed to have liver metastasis in 6 of 6 (100%) cases injected with HPC-3H4, whereas the rate was 0% at 3 weeks after the intrasplenic injection of HPC-3. The tumorigenicity of HPC-3H4 was more rapid than that of HPC-3. The motile activity of HPC-3H4 was also stronger than that of HPC-3, and the adhesion to the extracellular matrix of HPC-3H4 was stronger than that of HPC-3. We also analyzed the cell surface expression of the metastasis-related adhesion molecules. As a result, no substantial changes were observed in the expression level of adhesion molecules. These results suggest that HPC-3H4 is useful for studies aimed at the prevention of liver metastasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha production after esophageal cancer surgery: differences in the response to lipopolysaccharide stimulation among whole blood, pleural effusion cells, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells.

The body's defense mechanism in response to stress may appear to be the sum of activation and suppression. We investigated chronological changes in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production by local effusion cells and whole blood of esophageal cancer patients who had undergone radical resection. Whole blood, pleural effusion cells, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells were obtained from the 20 patients. Whole blood was stimulated with Escherichia coli (1 microg/ml), Staphylococcus aureus (10 microg/ml), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 microg/ml), and pleural effusion cells and BALF cells were stimulated with LPS; 24-H incubation and TNF-alpha concentration in supernate was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Within 3 h after starting the operation, TNF-alpha production in whole blood was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased compared with preoperative value by each stimulation, and this suppression persisted up to day 3. These reductions in postoperative TNF-alpha production correlated with intraoperative hemorrhage. On the other hand, the LPS-induced release of TNF-alpha into pleural effusion cells and BALF cells were markedly increased during the study period. These results indicate that large quantities of cytokines are produced by a second attack, such as infection, in areas where immunocytes accumulate. We believe that the body reacts to surgical stress in a variety of ways. Circulating blood and immunocytes that accumulate in damaged organs are thought to react very differently to stress.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

The marked anticancer effect of combined VCR, MTX, and indomethacin against drug-resistant recurrent small cell lung carcinoma after conventional chemotherapy: report of a case.

In a previous study, we discovered that indomethacin was an effective modulator of the sensitivity of pulmonary carcinoma cells to vincristine (VCR), methotrexate (MTX), adriamycin (ADR), and etoposide (VP-16). We describe herein the case of a 61-year-old-man with multiple brain, lung, liver, and bone metastases from small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) that recurred after intensive chemotherapy, who showed no signs of remission following conventional chemotherapy. The general condition of the patient deteriorated until he required morphine sulfate to control his severe diffuse pain. In an attempt to improve this patient's quality of life (QOL), he was discharged from hospital and treated at the outpatient clinic with modulation therapy using indomethacin as an anodyne instead of morphine sulfate. Signs of almost complete remission to only one cycle of combination therapy with VCR, MTX, and indomethacin were observed without any obvious adverse effects. This case report serves to demonstrate that modulation therapy combined with VCR, MTX, and indomethacin may be useful in the treatment of patients with drug-resistant recurrent SCLC.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1999

Mediastinal lymph node metastasis of colon cancer: report of a case.

We herein describe a patient with mediastinal lymph node metastases which occurred after both a primary sigmoid colon cancer and metachronous ovarian metastasis had been resected. The most likely route of metastases to the mediastinum in this case is the paravertebral venous plexus probably connected to the ovarian metastasis, or so-called remetastasis. This case illustrates that the mediastinum is thus a possible metastatic site in patients with colon cancer. Surgeons should therefore pay attention to the mediastinum as well as the lung fields when checking chest X-ray films during a follow-up of patients after a resection of colon cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

Problems in neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy preceding surgery for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus.

The adverse effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on the postoperative course in esophageal cancer was studied in 9 patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy preceding surgery for thoracic esophageal carcinoma possibly involving adjacent organs (neoadjuvant group), and 13 patients undergoing surgery without neoadjuvant therapy for same disease (control group). The two groups were compared for volume of intraoperative hemorrhage, surgical duration, frequency of postoperative morbidity, and for postoperative changes in blood platelet counts, and serum thrombopoietin and interleukin-6 levels. Mean intraoperative blood loss was 1121 g (580-1,662 g) in the neoadjuvant group and 546.5 g (274.7-778.3 g) in controls group (Student's T test: p < 0.01). No significant difference was seen found between the two groups in the degree of postoperative deterioration in cardiopulmonary function or in interleukin-6 levels. Blood platelet counts decreased in both groups until postoperative day 7, but recovery on postoperative day 14 was significantly depressed in the neoadjuvant group compared to controls. Serum thrombopoietin levels were higher in the neoadjuvant group than in controls (Mann-Whitney U-test: p < 0.05). We found that neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy induces latent postoperative myelosuppression and may lead to intractable infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Exposure of intestinal epithelial cell HT29 to bile acids and ammonia enhances Mac-1-mediated neutrophil adhesion.

OBJECTIVE: Bile acids and ammonia (NH3/NH4+) are cytotoxic metabolic products, which are known to influence intestinal epithelial functions such as colonic chloride secretion. In this study, we have investigated the effect of bile acids and ammonia on neutrophil-intestinal epithelial adhesive interaction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Confluently cultured HT29 cells were treated with bile acids or ammonium chloride. Then, 51Cr-labeled neutrophils were added to HT29 cell monolayers, and neutrophil adhesion was assessed by gamma-scintillation counting. RESULTS: Treatment of HT29 cells with 0.1 mM CDCA (chenodeoxycholic acid), DCA (deoxycholic acid), CA (cholic acid) or ammonium chloride but not UDCA (ursodeoxycholic acid) for 30 min increased neutrophil adhesion about 4-folds (p<0.01). The increased adhesion was inhibited 82-91% by 10 microg/ml anti-CD11b and anti-CD18 mAbs (p<0.01), but not by anti-CD11a and anti-CD54 (ICAM-1) mAbs. Interestingly, flow cytometric analysis revealed that ICAM-1 expression on HT29 cells was not changed by bile acid- or ammonia-treatment. In addition, the increased adhesion was inhibited about 65 % by proteinase K-treatment (10 microg/ml, 1 min, p<0.05) but not cycloheximide-treatment (1 microg/ml, 30 min) of HT29 cells. CONCLUSIONS: These observations indicate that exposure of HT29 cells to bile acids or ammonia induces CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1) dependent- but CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1) independent-neutrophil adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells, and ICAM-1 is unlikely involved in the interactions. Furthermore, epithelial ligand(s) for neutrophils are protein molecule(s) which are expressed on the cell surface independent of protein synthesis.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1999

Deficient platelet-activating factor and related enzymes in hemimegalencephaly.

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) may influence neuronal migration, and gyral anomaly in hemimegalencephaly is believed to result from a neuronal disorder. A 7-month-old girl with hemimegalencephaly presented with intractable seizures, for which graded hemispherectomy was performed. In the resected specimen, we could not detect PAF, and related enzyme activities were low. These results suggest a role of PAF in neuronal migration.

1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase↗
PubMed1999

Cephaloceles and abnormal venous drainage.

Seven cases of parietal cephalocele and three cases of occipital cephalocele associated with abnormal venous drainage were evaluated, and the mechanism of the development for venous system was discussed from the embryological viewpoint. In parietal cephaloceles the abnormally draining vein, which corresponds to the straight sinus, ascended along the interhemisphere apart from the tentorium and emptied into the superior sagittal sinus below the cephalocele. The superior sagittal sinus formed the confluence, which was positioned high up. Intraoperative findings revealed that cephalocele penetrated the superior sagittal sinus at the midline. In the case of occipital cephalocele, the straight sinus followed a postero-superior course, to drain into the confluence just above the neck of cephalocele. The results of our study suggest that the causation of abnormal venous drainage in the great vein of Galen, the straight sinus and the superior sagittal sinus may be secondary, through interaction with a developmentally pre-existing cephalocele.

Brain↗
PubMed1999

Optic-spinal form of multiple sclerosis and anti-thyroid autoantibodies.

The optic-spinal form of multiple sclerosis (OSMS), characterized by recurrent involvement of optic nerve and spinal cord with rare brain magnetic resonance imaging lesions, is relatively common among Asians. While individual cases of OSMS with anti-thyroid autoantibodies (ATABs) have been reported, the frequency of ATAbs in OSMS and classical multiple sclerosis has not been studied. We studied serum ATAbs and anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) in 46 Japanese patients with multiple sclerosis: 14 with OSMS, and 32 with non-OSMS. Six patients were positive for ATAbs: five women with OSMS and one man with non-OSMS. The frequency of ATAbs in OSMS (5/14) was significantly higher than that in non-OSMS (1/32; P = 0.007), but the frequency of ANA did not differ between OSMS (3/14) and non-OSMS (6/32; P = 0.99). There may be a pathogenetic link between anti-thyroid autoimmunity and a subgroup of OSMS in Japanese.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The ability of anti-carbonic anhydrase II antibody to distinguish autoimmune cholangitis from primary biliary cirrhosis in Japanese patients.

Serum antibody against carbonic anhydrase (CA) II has been described as a serological marker for distinguishing autoimmune cholangitis (AIC) from primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). To validate this finding in a Japanese population, we evaluated sera from patients with PBC and AIC for antibody to human CA II. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to quantify serum antibody against CA II in patients with PBC (n = 40), AIC (n = 23), autoimmune hepatitis (n = 10), and extrahepatic obstructive jaundice (n = 10). Compared with the finding of a 4% prevalence of anti-CAII antibody in healthy subjects (n = 24), a significantly higher prevalence of anti-CA II antibody was detected in patients with PBC (35%) and AIC (30%) (P < 0.05), but not in patients with autoimmune hepatitis and patients with obstructive jaundice. No significant difference was observed between PBC and AIC patients. These results showed that AIC and PBC would be indistinguishable by anti-CA II antibody testing in Japanese patients. However, the finding of serum anti-CA II antibody in patients with PBC and AIC supports the disease concept of autoimmune exocrinopathy.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1999

Detection of IgA, IgM, and IgG subclasses of anti-M2 antibody by immunoblotting in autoimmune cholangitis: is autoimmune cholangitis an early stage of primary biliary cirrhosis?

Autoimmune cholangitis (AIC) has been proposed as a distinct disease entity from primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), without antimitochondrial antibody (AMA) and anti-M2 antibody but with a high titer of antinuclear antibody (ANA) in the serum. However, negativity for AMA and anti-M2 antibody was determined by different methods in different studies. We hypothesized that anti-M2 antibody negativity in AIC resulted from methodological differences, including selection of the immunoglobulin subclass of the autoantibody. Twenty-three patients compatible with AIC whose serum tested negative for AMA and positive for ANA (> or = 1:80) were compared with 71 AMA-positive PBC patients. Laboratory findings, histology, and the pattern of anti-M2 antibody assessed by immunoblotting were compared. Alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, and IgM values were lower in patients with AIC (P < 0.05, 0.01, respectively). Anti-smooth muscle antibody was detected more frequently in patients with AIC (P < 0.01). However, anti-M2 antibody was detected using immunoblotting not only in PBC but also in AIC cases. IgA class alone, IgM class alone, or both IgA and IgM classes of anti-M2 antibody were detected in 13%, 17%, and 22% of AIC patients, respectively, whereas they were not detected in PBC patients (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.01). IgG class anti-M2 was detected in all patients with PBC, whereas it was detected in 48% of patients with AIC (P < 0.01). Histological evaluation showed that the early stages of disease were found more frequently in AIC (78%) than in PBC patients (39%) (P < 0.01). Anti-M2 antibody was detected by immunoblotting in all AIC patients. Hence, AIC is not a distinct disease from PBC. For diagnosing AIC and/or PBC, anti-M2 antibody should be examined by the immunoblotting assay to detect not only IgG but also IgA and IgM subclasses.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The establishment of sublines with opposite chemosensitivity from a patient with pulmonary large cell carcinoma and the implementation of treatment based on tumor heterogeneity.

Two sublines were established from the primary tumor of a patient with pulmonary large cell carcinoma. These two sublines had different growth characteristics in vitro and different tumor tissue structure in nude mice, and opposite drug sensitivities. Subline 1 was sensitive to a number of drugs, while its sensitivity to cisplatin (CDDP) was not very strong. In contrast, subline 2 was resistant to many drugs, but showed very strong sensitivity to CDDP. When the patient developed recurrence, he was first treated with CDDP-based chemotherapy based on the sensitivity of subline 2, followed by methotrexate-based treatment on the basis of sensitivity for subline 1. Complete remission (CR) was achieved after this alternating chemotherapy. To our knowledge, this is the first report of sublines with opposite sensitivity being established from the same tumor, achieving CR by the treatment of each subline.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Evaluation of the malignancy of glioma using 11C-methionine positron emission tomography and proliferating cell nuclear antigen staining.

11C-methionine positron emission tomography (PET) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) staining were performed in 13 cases of glioma to investigate the relationship between the uptake of L-[methyl]-11C-methionine and the degree of malignancy and proliferative potential. The 11C-methionine uptake was significantly greater in high-grade gliomas compared to low-grade gliomas (P<0.05). The PCNA indexes were also significantly higher in the high-grade cases (P<0.05). Moreover, a strong positive correlation was found between the 11C-methionine values and the PCNA indexes (P<0.005), demonstrating that higher 11C-methionine uptake was associated with greater proliferative potential and greater malignancy. 11C-methionine PET is a potentially useful preoperative method to discriminate the malignancy of glioma.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

A clonal culture assay for human cord blood lymphohematopoietic progenitors.

We describe a two-step clonal culture assay system for human lymphohematopoietic progenitors present in umbilical cord blood which are capable of differentiation along both myeloid and B-lymphoid lineages. Human cord blood CD34+ cells were plated in methylcellulose in the presence of stem cell factor (SCF), granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), interleukin (IL)-7, and the murine stroma cell line, MS-5. The growing primary colonies were individually examined for their potentials to differentiate along both myeloid and B-lymphoid lineages by reculturing aliquots of the primary colonies in methylcellulose culture containing IL-3, G-CSF and erythropoietin (Epo), and on a monolayer of MS-5 in the presence of SCF and G-CSF. Approximately 10-15% of the primary colonies generated various combinations of myeloid cells and CD19+ sIgM+ cells. Subsequent studies using micromanipulated single CD34+ cells unequivocally demonstrated the clonal origin of the lymphohematopoietic progenitors. This culture system should prove valuable for elucidation of the mechanisms regulating early stages of human lymphohematopoiesis.

Animals↗