Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

N Rosa

Publications and source records attributed to N Rosa.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

First experience with a new echographic contrast agent.

The intravenous injection of an ultrasound contrast agent can enhance signals from blood flow. Broad toxicological and pharmaceutical studies in animals confirmed the safety and efficacy of an ultrasound contrast agent made of microparticles of galactose with stabilised microbubbles in watery suspension (SH U 508 A). In this paper 10 patients with different malignant orbital and ocular tumours have been evaluated with an echo colour Doppler machine before and after the injection of SH U 508 A. An enhancement of the Doppler signals in the lesions in different degrees has been detected. This echographic contrast agent seems to be very important not only in the evaluation of vascular lesions, but also in evaluating the effectiveness of radiotherapy in malignant tumours and could spread the echographic indications in several other ophthalmic fields.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Phototherapeutic keratectomy in the treatment of Avellino dystrophy.

Avellino corneal dystrophy has rarely been reported in literature. It consists of a combination of granular and lattice dystrophy. Patients may complain of glare and decreased night vision with or without decreased visual acuity, depending on the degree of corneal involvement. Current treatment for this dystrophy includes bandage contact lenses for the erosions or corneal transplant in the case of decreased visual acuity. We describe the first patient with Avellino corneal dystrophy to have been treated with phototherapeutic keratectomy.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

An unusual orbital lesion: hepatoma metastatic to the orbit.

The authors describe a case of histologically proven orbital metastasis from a hepatic carcinoma in an 85-year-old patient with rapid onset of proptosis and visual loss. The clinical diagnosis of orbital metastatic lesion was established by standardized echography and CT scan. To the best of our knowledge, this is only the third histologically proven case of hepatoma metastatic to the orbit.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Phenotypic variation in combined granular-lattice (Avellino) corneal dystrophy.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the phenotypic variation exhibited by members of families with combined granular-lattice (Avellino) corneal dystrophy. SETTING: We examined 40 patients (age range, 12 to 85 years) from six unrelated families with Avellino corneal dystrophy. This included the first individuals to ever be examined near the presumed site of origin in Italy. In addition, one family was the first to trace its origins to Germany rather than to Italy. We studied the phenotypic expression of the disease in the cornea, visual acuities, subjective complaints, complications, treatment, and histologic condition of these individuals. RESULTS: The granular stromal lesions reach their mature quantity and size early in life, and appear as either gray and crumb-shaped deposits or superficial with an annular and planar distribution. The lattice component appears gradually, beginning and maturing later in life. The phenotypic variation within families was found to be substantial. Widely variable proportions of lattice and granular changes were found within single sibships. Visual acuities ranged from 20/20 to 20/400. Recurrent corneal erosions were present but infrequent. Subjective complaints included glare and decreased night vision. Penetrating keratoplasty was required in one individual to restore vision. Histopathologic examination revealed typical amyloid and granular deposits. Granular deposits were found replacing Bowman's membrane and extending to the corneal surface. These deposits probably represent the cause of recurrent erosions. CONCLUSIONS: Combined granular and lattice corneal dystrophy may present with substantial phenotypic variation. The disease can be found in individuals who trace their ancestry to both Italy and Germany, a wider geographic distribution than previously proposed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Echographic and ophthalmodynamometric study in the empty sella syndrome.

A group of patients with empty sella syndrome (ESS) and visual field defect with or without visual loss has been examined with standardized echography and ophthalmodynamometric examination. The optic nerve thickness has been evaluated with standardized echography; the pressure of the central retina artery has been evaluated with ophthalmodynamometric examination with or without compression on the external carotid. Our results point out two different pathogeneses in the ESS: vascular defects or irregular endocranial hypertension.

Empty Sella Syndrome↗
PubMed1993

A study of sister chromatid exchange and somatic cell mutation in hospital workers exposed to ethylene oxide.

To investigate the risks of exposure to ethylene oxide (EO) at current permissible levels and at past higher levels, an inception cohort of sterilizer operators and supervisors from the Central Processing Department (CPD), respiratory therapists, and engineers exposed to EO were identified at the McMaster University Medical Centre. A comparison group from Nutrition Services (NUTR) were matched with the CPD workers on the basis of sex, age, and smoking habit. The present report is based on genetic test results for the 94 CPD and matched NUTR workers only. Statistical analysis based on the mean SCE frequency in the top 5, top 10, and all cells (50 cells scored per individual) and high frequency cells (HFC) based on the 95th percentile for nonsmoking control subjects showed a direct association with current smoking but not with EO exposure. Similarly, statistical analysis of the somatic cell mutation (SCMT) variant frequencies did not demonstrate an association with EO exposure, nor with smoking. Regression analysis indicated that sex was the only other covariate that significantly affected SCE. Age was weakly associated with SCMT. A statistically significant interaction between occupational exposure and smoking habits was observed only for the mean SCE frequency of the top 5 and top 10 cells when the 11 current CPD/NUTR pairs were not included. Thus, this interaction should be interpreted with caution.

Ethylene Oxide↗
PubMed1993

Optic nerve involvement in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Leukemic infiltration of the optic nerve is rare. We describe the diagnostic assessment and the outcome in two adult patients suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia with T phenotype. In both cases the leukemic involvement of the eye was observed as an isolated extramedullary relapse followed after several months by hematological relapse. CT and MRI scans were negative, while an A-scan echography of the eye clarified the diagnosis. Early radiotherapy caused recovery of visual acuity in one case. A-scan echography is the most sensitive investigation for the early recognition of ocular localization in acute leukemias.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Standardized A-scan echography and the normal optic nerve. Experience with the new Mini A equipment.

The potential of making differential diagnosis in optic nerve disease with standardized A-Scan echography has been well established. With this technique it is possible to differentiate 'solid' and 'fluid' thickening. A few years ago a new standardized A-scan equipment was built: The Mini A. With this equipment, it is possible to distinguish spikes coming from the pia, the arachnoid, and the dura around the optic nerve, and to measure the thickness of these structures with a precision of 0.03 mm. We found dura distance 4.0-5.3 mm, arachnoid 3.2-4.0 mm, an pial diameter 2.8-3.4 mm. In this paper the authors discuss their preliminary findings in a normal population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Comparison between echographic and histological findings in choroidal malignant melanomas.

Echography is crucial in making a diagnosis of malignant melanoma when ocular media are opaque. Even with clear ocular media, standardized echography is important to confirm or to rule out a malignant melanoma in the eye. In this study the reflectivity in 27 cases of malignant melanomas has been evaluated and compared to cell type, pigmentation and number and size of blood vessels. No significant correlations have been found.

Choroid Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bilateral central serous chorioretinopathy in a patient treated with systemic cortico-steroids for non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

PURPOSE: To describe the concomitant occurrence of systemic cortico-steroid treatment and the development of bilateral central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), which promptly regressed after the reduction of the drug dosage, up to its scheduled withdrawal. METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: A 46-year-old white male, with a history of monolateral CSC, had a non-Hodgkin lymphoma on his right cheek. Soon after surgical excision of the tumoral lesion, he received a standard post-operative regimen of decreasing intramuscular betamethasone for 25 days, followed by 10 day's withdrawal, then cycles of intravenous cyclophosphamide and vincristine, followed by 7-day oral prednisone, repeated monthly for three months. Fluorescein angiographies at the end of the first oral cortico-steroid cycle and before starting the second, documented the occurrence of bilateral CSC and its regression, which were chronologically related respectively to the cortico-steroid administration and withdrawal. CONCLUSIONS: This case further demonstrates that systemic cortico-steroids can be responsible for the occurrence of CSC. The patient's history should always be checked for any previous CSC episodes. In these subjects, periodical ophthalmoscopic examination is essential to discover early or asymptomatic steroid-related CSC patterns, to prevent complications of the disease.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

New findings in the Parry-Romberg syndrome: a case report.

PURPOSE: To describe further findings in the Parry-Romberg syndrome that might contribute towards a better understanding of the disease. DESIGN: Case report. METHODS: The clinical history of a patient with the Parry-Romberg syndrome was studied, and fluorangiography and echography were carried out. RESULTS: Clinical observation revealed classic hemifacial atrophy; fluorescein angiography showed telangiectasis, light staining of the retina, and leakage from the largest telangiectasis and the optic disc vessels; echography showed shrinkage of the eyeball and thinning of the extraocular muscles. CONCLUSIONS: Enophthalmos in this disease is caused not only by progressive fat atrophy but also by shrinkage of the eyeball and thinning of the extraocular muscles; the shrinkage of the eyeball helps explain the presence of choroidal and retinal folding and hyperopia, confirming the primary involvement of connective tissue in this disease.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation between refractive and corneal topographic changes after photorefractive keratectomy for myopia.

PURPOSE: To compare videokeratographic and refractive data obtained before and after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopia. METHODS: Seventy-four eyes underwent PRK for myopia ranging from -2.50 to -17.00 D (mean, -7.76 +/- 3.17 D). All patients had videokeratography with the EyeSys instrument before, and 1 and 6 months after PRK, and the changes in three corneal power measurements (center of the ablation, apex, and effective refractive power) were compared with refractive changes. RESULTS: Changes obtained in the three corneal power measurements at 1 and 6 months were well correlated with manifest refraction (Pearson's coefficient ranged from 0.71 to 0.84). CONCLUSION: Power measurements obtained with corneal topography, as described above, are a reliable and objective method for the evaluation and follow-up of PRK, provided addition of an approximate 25% correcting factor.

Adult↗