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Biomedical subjects

N Randall

Publications and source records attributed to N Randall.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

The effect of item and relational processing on incidental long-term memory for order.

Although stimulus similarity and levels of processing are often manipulated in long-term episodic tasks that test item memory, little attention has been paid to how these variable affect long-term memory for temporal order. The effects of these variables on order memory was tested using a task that required the reconstruction of the initial presentation order of short lists after a filled delay. Initial learning of the lists always involved incidental processing procedures ranging from low-level item processes to high-level relational processes. In all experiments, changes in stimulus similarity and processing tasks had similar effects on order memory to the effects found in tasks involving long-term item memory. An interpretation of the data is proposed, based on the joint contribution of distinctive item and relation processing, and poor encoding of order information with shallow processing. It is concluded that item information must play a significant role in the long-term order reconstruction task.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

Balloon mitral valve dilatation as an aid to weaning from ventilatory support in patients with intractable pulmonary oedema caused by severe mitral stenosis.

Intractable pulmonary oedema in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation must be investigated as older patients with severe mitral stenosis can be rescued by balloon dilatation of the mitral valve, thus enabling elective cardiac surgery at reduced risk. We describe two such cases and discuss the role of transoesophageal echocardiography in the intensive care unit in the diagnosis and management of these patients.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1996

Oxygen consumption during recovery from prolonged submaximal cycling below the anaerobic threshold.

The purpose of this study was to compare the magnitude and duration of excess post-exercise O2 consumption (EPOC) measured after submaximal cycling at three different intensities of equivalent energy cost but all performed below the anaerobic threshold (AT). Eight healthy young women performed the three cycling sessions after an initial determination of VO2max (M +/- SD) (41.8 +/- 7.0 ml.kg-1.min-1) and AT (73 +/- 5% VO2max). The high intensity (HI) exercise was performed at 65% VO2max (90% of AT workload) for 30 minutes, while the moderate (MI) and low intensity (LI) exercise sessions were performed at approximately 55% VO2max (75% AT) and -45% VO2max (60% AT) respectively, until the energy cost matched that expended in the HI condition. Prior to each exercise session baseline resting VO2 and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were measured by open circuit spirometry at the end of a 35 min period of supine rest. These measures were also made during the exercise and recovery periods. Post-exercise VO2 was measured continuously until baseline VO2 (within 1 SD of resting value for 2 consecutive min) was reached. The duration of EPOC (13-14 min) was similar following all three exercise sessions. The gross EPOC energy expenditure and VO2 were both significantly greater (p < 0.01) following the HI (137.0 +/- 6.3 kJ and 6.63 +/- 0.30 1) condition than the MI condition (116.6 +/- 8.7 kJ and 5.69 +/- 0.42 1) but no significant differences existed between the MI and LI (107.4 +/- 5.8 kJ and 5.24 +/- 0.29 1) conditions for either of these variables. It was concluded that the magnitude of EPOC following submaximal exercise of equivalent energy cost but below the AT, is determined more by the intensity of exercise rather that the exercise energy cost.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Effects of oral creatine loading on single and repeated maximal short sprints.

This investigation determined whether oral creatine (Cr) loading could enhance single and repeated short sprint performance. A 1 x 10 s cycle sprint (Study One) and 6 x 6 s (departing every 30 s) repeated cycle sprints (Study two) were the performance tests used. Separate groups of subjects, randomly assigned to either a Cr or placebo (P) group, were used in each study in a double blind design. After performing a familiarization and two baseline tests subjects loaded with 5g of Cr or P four times per day for five days before repeating the tests one and three days post-loading. In Study One (n = 9 in each group), work completed (kJ) at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 s and peak power (W) were greater than baseline values in each of the post-loading trials in both the Cr and P groups. There were no between group performance differences. In Study Two (n = 11 in each group) after loading, the Cr group recorded significantly greater scores than the P group in total work (kJ) completed over the 6 sprints, work completed in sprint 1, and peak power (W). Post-exercise blood lactate and pH responses were not different between the Cr and P groups after loading in either study. Although Study One results are equivocal, Study Two results suggest that Cr supplementation can enhance both single (if sprint 1 results are considered in isolation) and repeated short sprint performance.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Granulocytopenia complicating colchicine therapy for primary biliary cirrhosis.

A case is presented of a 76-yr-old woman with primary biliary cirrhosis and adult polycystic liver disease who developed bone marrow toxicity associated with chronic low-dose colchicine therapy. Two months after starting colchicine therapy (0.6 mg b.i.d. p.o.), the patient developed hematologic toxicity as evidenced by transient but profound granulocytopenia which promptly reversed 4 days after the drug was stopped. Bone marrow examination revealed moderate hypocellularity of all cell lines and striking dysplastic changes in the late myeloid and erythroid series. There was no apparent toxicity involving other organ systems. The patient fully recovered. This case is compared with previous descriptions of colchicine toxicity.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

On methods of expressing dissolution rate data.

The value of the Weibull, logarithmic-logistic, and logarithmic-normal plots in expressing dissolution rate data is considered for the combinations of zero and first-order release with sink and non-sink conditions, and for actual dissolution rate data of diazepam from tablets in a medium of pH2.

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical↗