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Biomedical subjects

N R Rose

Publications and source records attributed to N R Rose.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Syngeneic thyroglobulin is immunogenic in good responder mice.

Mouse thyroglobulin (MTg) or thyroid extract (TE) was given repeatedly to good responder C3H/Anf (H-2k) and poor responder BALB/c (H-2d) mice in the absence of adjuvant. Anti-MTg antibodies reached high levels in good responder mice given high doses of thyroid antigen. To eliminate stimulation by alloantigenic determinants and reduce the chance of denaturation. TE from syngeneic mice was prepared freshly each week and injected into good and poor responder strains. Again, significant antibody titers were observed in good responder mice. The antibody was specific for MTg since (a) it was not inhibited by extracts of other organs and (b) it reacted strongly with the closely related rat Tg and weakly with Tg from other species. Histology revealed mononuclear cell infiltration of the thyroid of good responder, but not of poor responder mice, regardless of the strain used to provide the thyroid antigen. The data demonstrate the presence of both T and B cell populations reactive with this self antigen and their stimulation by repeated high doses of antigen, without the aid of adjuvant, to override the regulatory controls that normally prevent autoimmune responses.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Genetic influences on spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis in (CS X OS)F2 chickens.

Genetic effects on spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis in chickens were assessed by measuring phenotypic symptoms, the titer of circulating antibody to thyroglobulin, and the pathological change in the thyroids of young chicks. One or more loci within the B complex (the major histocompatibility complex of the chicken) are responsible for the expression of autoimmunity, and evidence is provided for an interaction of the B haplotype with genes at other loci. The influence of the B complex component on genetic susceptibility is more visible in animals with limited susceptibility at other loci and becomes indistinguishable as the frequency of other genes determining thyroid autoimmunity increases.

Aging↗
PubMed1981

Microsurgical vasovasostomy: immunologic consequences and subsequent fertility.

Fifty-five men have undergone microsurgical vasovasostomy with at least a 1-year follow-up. Serum samples from these men were obtained in the preoperative and postoperative periods, and titers of agglutinating and immobilizing antibodies were measured and evaluated in relationship to subsequent fertility. Of the 35 patients in whom adequate serum and semen samples were obtained over a period of 1 year, 17 men proved their fertility and 18 patients in the allotted time span had not yet fathered any children. No statistically significant difference in the level of antibody titers could be found between the fertile group and the infertile group. Seminal antibody titers were determined in 25 men. Five of these men have thus for impregnated their wives. Only a small number of men were found to have positive titers for agglutinating and/or immobilizing antibodies in their semen. The presence or absence of spermagglutinating and/or sperm-immobilizing antibodies in the sera of men who have undergone vasectomy reversal does not seem to interfere with subsequent fertility.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1981

Immunofluorescence for prostatic acid phosphatase: clinical applications.

An indirect immunofluorescence technique to detect cells producing prostatic acid phosphatase was used to evaluate 12 biopsies of soft tissue masses of possible metastatic prostatic carcinoma. In 10 patients varying degrees of immunofluorescence were observed, confirming the origin of the primary tumor. Specimens from 34 patients with prostatic carcinoma were obtained either by radical prostatectomy or transurethral resection of the prostate. A comparison of histological grade (Gleason), semiquantitative immunofluorescence for prostatic acid phosphatase and hormonal responsiveness was done. There was a suggestion of higher hormonal responsiveness in the group with a low Gleason score and a high percentage of positive immunofluorescence that presently cannot be evaluated completely since some patients still are under therapy. This method may be used in the future in conjunction with other techniques, such as androgen receptors, to define a population of patients most likely to respond to hormonal manipulation.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

Clinical evaluation of immunological methods for detection for serum prostatic acid phosphatase.

Evaluation of serum acid phosphatase by 3 immunochemical methods (radioimmunoassay, counterimmunoelectrophoresis and immunoenzymoassay) was done in 3 groups of patients. In 42 patients wit stage D prostatic carcinoma a comparison of serum acid phosphatase determination by colorimetric assay and the 3 immunochemical methods in samples obtained before and after initiation of therapy showed an excellent correlation among the assays. Presently, we see no advantage of the immunochemical methods over the colorimetric assay in this group of patients. Among 100 patients studied in a blind fashion to detect those with unsuspected prostatic carcinoma no such cases were found. In the last group of patients with localized prostatic carcinoma staged surgically by pelvic lymphadenectomy the only elevations of serum acid phosphatase were observed in patients with extraprostatic involvement.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

Autoimmune diseases.

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Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1981

Genetic factors controlling the susceptibility to experimental autoimmune thyroiditis in inbred rat strains.

CDF (high responder) rats were crossed with SHR (low responder) rats to study genetic factors influencing susceptibility to experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT). F1 hybrid rats showed intermediate susceptibility to thyroiditis. Gene segregation patterns of F2 and backcross rats demonstrated that the immune response to rat thyroglobulin (RaTg) is under polygenic control. A main factor controlling immune response to RaTg is associated with the X chromosome. Females of CDF and SHR rats produced higher levels of antibody, suggesting that antibody production to RaTg is a sex-influenced trait. Different genetic control mechanisms are evident in autoantibody production and thyroid lesions. No evidence of linkage of an immune response gene to RaTg to the major histocompatibility complex of the rat (RT1) was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis in chickens. II. Evidence for autoresponsive thymocytes.

A major factor involved in the spontaneously occurring autoimmune thyroiditis of OS chickens is the presence of thyroid reactive cells in the thymus of young OS chicks. This was determined by transferring OS and normal strain thymocytes to T cell-depleted histocompatible normal chickens and examining the recipients for thyroiditis. Although both thymocyte populations reconstituted T cell function, only the OS thymocytes induced thyroiditis. Additional evidence for hyperactivity of the young OS thymus was provided by studying the in situ uptake of a radiolabeled thymidine analogue.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis in chickens. I. Effects of bursal reconstitution.

Chicks from strains genetically susceptible or resistant to spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis were neonatally treated with cyclophosphamide to induce lymphocytic depletion of the bursa of Fabricius. The subsequent bursal repopulation with B cells from donors matched at the major histocompatibility locus showed B cells to be intricately associated with the pathogenesis of spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis, although they themselves did not carry the potential for initiation of the disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Immunohistological approaches to human prostatic epithelial cells.

Specific anti-acid phosphatase antisera were prepared by the use of purified prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) from prostatic tissue and lysosomal acid phosphatase (L-AcP) from diploid fibroblast (WI-38) as antigen. Since the antigenic difference between the PAP and L-AcP was established, distribution of these enzymes among various tissues and tissue culture cells was investigated by the indirect immunofluorescence method and the unlabeled antibody method [14]. The L-AcP has been detected as granules localized in a perinuclear portion of all of the epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and peripheral blood cells except erythrocytes. Presence of the PAP was limited to the prostatic epithelial cells. It is also noted that the biosynthesis of the PAP is strikingly diminished in the long-term culture of prostatic epithelial cells. However, because of the antigenic difference between the PAP and L-AcP, and because of the high concentration of PAP in the cytoplasm of prostatic epithelial cells, it is feasible to apply the anti-PAP immunofluorescence method to the identification of metastatic prostatic carcinoma cells in the biopsy materials.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1980

Double-antibody immunoenzyme assay for human prostatic acid phosphatase.

We compare the double-antibody radioimmunoassay (RIA) and immunoenzyme assay (IEA) for measuring the concentration of prostatic acid phosphatase in human serum. Experimental details and assay performance of the two methods are outlined. Mean values for 385 normal persons were 1.02 (SD 1.32) microgram/L by IEA, 2.69 (SD 1.8) microgram/L by RIA. Results of the two methods was highly correlated [r = 0.9813, y(RIA) = 0.35 x (IEA) + 0.42, p < 0.001]. If we choose x- + 2 SD as the normal range, 3-10% false positives were seen.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1980

The lessons of vasectomy-a review.

Vasectomy has become the most common method of permanent male sterilization for birth control. It is a simple operation that requires approximately 20 minutes to perform. Under local anaesthesia the vas deferens is cut and ligated. The patient is considered sterile when the ejaculate is sperm-free. Since spermatogenesis is not arrested by the operation and since the normal route of sperm removal is blocked, other mechanisms of sperm removal are developed. These mechanisms include sperm resorption into the interstitial tissue, granuloma formation, phagocytosis and immune response to sperm antigens. More than half of the men subjected to vasectomy develop demonstrable antibodies to one or more sperm antigens. Having been induced by the individual's own untreated antigen without the aid of external adjuvants, the response justifies the most rigorous definition of autoimmunity. The wide scale use of vasectomy, therefore, provides the clinical immunologist with a unique opportunity to study a longstanding, induced autoimmune response in otherwise normal human subjects. It is a matter of special importance to study these subjects carefully, in order to learn the maximum about human autoimmunity.

Autoantibodies↗