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Biomedical subjects

N R Rabinovich

Publications and source records attributed to N R Rabinovich.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Vaccines. Overview.

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Communicable Disease Control↗
PubMed1995

A model for estimating the impact of changes in children's vaccines.

OBJECTIVES: To assist in strategic planning for the improvement of vaccines and vaccine programs, an economic model was developed and tested that estimates the potential impact of vaccine innovations on health outcomes and costs associated with vaccination and illness. METHODS: A multistep, iterative process of data extraction/integration was used to develop the model and the scenarios. Parameter replication, sensitivity analysis, and expert review were used to validate the model. RESULTS: The greatest impact on the improvement of health is expected to result from the production of less reactogenic vaccines that require fewer inoculations for immunity. The greatest economic impact is predicted from improvements that decrease the number of inoculations required. CONCLUSIONS: Scenario analysis may be useful for integrating health outcomes and economic data into decision making. For childhood infections, this analysis indicates that large cost savings can be achieved in the future if we can improve vaccine efficacy so that the number of required inoculations is reduced. Such an improvement represents a large potential "payback" for the United States and might benefit other countries.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1994

Vaccine technologies: view to the future.

The development of vaccines to prevent infectious diseases has been one of the most important contributions of biomedical science. Recent advances in the basic sciences are now fueling the development of a new generation of vaccines that will be based on rational design approaches. Two factors are making this possible: an improved understanding of the microbial factors required for virulence and the nature of the immune response to infection. The status of new vaccine technologies is summarized here.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1994

The promise of new technologies.

Efforts to provide the benefits of immunization to the world's children have reached an important crossroad. While remarkable progress has been achieved in successfully administering six important childhood vaccines (diphtheria, tetanus, polio, pertussis, measles, and tuberculosis), the benefits of new vaccines, such as hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae type B glycoconjugate vaccines, have not been realized except in the most developed countries. The three reasons often cited to explain this problem include poor access to immunization services, the evolution of complex primary immunization schedules, and the additional expense associated with new vaccines, potentially depleting scarce resources. The establishment of the Children's Vaccine Initiative is an organized effort to improve immunization by both technological and organizational innovation. Simplification of the vaccination process can be achieved by developing new combination vaccines or reducing the number of immunizations with vaccines that stimulate protective immune responses. Improvements in the organization of efforts to immunize children will also enhance the prospects of protecting the world's children from infectious diseases. To achieve the goals articulated in the Declaration of New York, the issues of transition from the old to the new vaccines must be addressed. Research on vaccines and technological innovation at all levels will be required to achieve these goals.

Child Health Services↗