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Biomedical subjects

N P Bochkov

Publications and source records attributed to N P Bochkov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Genetic monitoring of human population exposed to chemical and radiation hazards].

It is impossible to protect human heredity from the ecological consequences of environmental pollution if there is no permanent control of hereditary variability in human populations, i.e. genetic monitoring. One of the urgent problems in genetic monitoring planning is the magnitude of representative samples necessary for establishing the significant mutation effect of environmental factors. The elevation of the mutation frequency can be determined either by the dynamics of the frequencies of hereditary pathology or by comparison of the frequencies in populations that differ in harmful factor exposures. Comparison of the effects evaluated by cytogenetic, epidemiological (registration of congenital malformation frequencies) and molecular-genetic methods in various population groups will make it possible to solve the problem of safety in the investigated regions.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1991

[Cytogenetic examination of workers engaged in manufacturing of asbestos technical products].

The article contains data on a cytogenetic monitoring of workers engaged in asbestos production, depending on duration of professional service and degrees of dust contamination of the air. The results of the cytogenetic analysis of the peripheral blood lymphocytes in 31 workers revealed the average rate of aberrant cells 1.78% in workers with professional service below 1.5 years, 2.43%--with more than 10 years of service, 2.72%--in the control group (the personnel not engaged in the production). The differences were statistically negligible.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Cytogenetic analysis of the peripheral blood lymphocytes in people residing in regions of the Kaluga Oblast polluted with radionuclides].

In order to reveal possible genetic effects of the Chernobyl accident for human populations, a cytogenetic survey of 33 agricultural workers from 2 areas of the Kaluga Region with different radiation backgrounds (villages of Mladensk and Ogor) was conducted in 1989. At the time of investigation a dose of 137Ce for Mladensk was 3.7 ci/km2, that for Ogor--1.17 ci/km2. Lymphocyte cultivation was performed after the standard semimicromethod for 50 hours; about 155-300 cells were analyzed for chromosome aberrations of each individual, the total number of metaphase plates in 2 groups being 9360. One-factor dispersion analysis has shown that the rate of exchanges of a chromosome type, specific for radiation, was higher in the workers of the village of Mladensk than in the workers of Ogor (p less than 0.05). Thus statistically significant differences in the rate of metabolic aberrations of a chromosome type were revealed in the two study groups with different radiation backgrounds. A high sensitivity of cytogenetic analysis for population biological indication of irradiation was shown.

Accidents↗
PubMed1991

[The contribution of genetic factors to perinatal pathology and infant mortality].

The authors consider the contribution made by genetic factors to perinatal and infant mortality on the basis of many-year studies performed in the Minsk Teratology Center and analysis of the data available in the literature. In 1972-1984 there was an increase in the incidence of congenital malformations among deceased children. Genetic factors predispose to at least 7-8% postimplantation embryonal and fetal elimination. Perinatal and neonatal mortality is caused by congenital malformations in 19.1 and 37% of cases, respectively. A genetic analysis has indicated that 23.2% of them are induced by genic, chromosomal, and genomic mutations and 51.0% are caused multifactorially. The prevention of genetically determined perinatal mortality is most effective in implementing the screening programs for detection of heterozygous carriage along with subsequent prospective examination and prenatal diagnosis.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital↗
PubMed1986

Retro- and prospective evaluation of dynamics of some mutational events.

The dynamics of some mutational events were studied in a Siberian town with a chemical industry. Retro- and prospective evaluations of the frequency of spontaneous abortions, multiple congenital malformations, and Down syndrome were carried out. Mutational components of these endpoints were summarized and provisionally termed "units of mutational events" (UME). The results show that the frequencies of UME have not changed in 14 years.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1979

[Combined effect of alkylating compounds on human chromosomes].

A combined effect of thiophosphamide and dipin on chromosomes of unstimulated human lymphocytes was studied in experiments carried out thrice according to the scheme of a complete two-factor experiment. The exposure to the mutagens lasted for an hour, the concentrations being from 3.17 to 22.19 . 10-5 M. After washing a fresh medium with PHA was added to lymphocytes and then they were cultivated during 60 hrs. Both at separate and combined action of tested chemicals the effect observed in all the cytogenetic tests was not subjected to a linear dependence on the concentration of mutagens. With the change in the proportion between thiophosphamide and dipin, given that the summed number of their molecules was constant, the cytogenetic effect was directly proportional to the part of each mutagen in a combined treatment. The analysis of variance and regression analysis of the results obtained as well as the analysis of types of appearing chromosome aberrations and the analysis of distribution of breaks in cells at the combined action showed that, taking into account that the concentration dependences were not linear. the combined effect of thiophosphamide and dipin was additive, without any interaction of individual effects.

Alkylating Agents↗