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Biomedical subjects

N Olinic

Publications and source records attributed to N Olinic.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

His-Purkinje waveforms on externally recorded averaged unfiltered electrocardiograms.

Electrocardiographic signal recorded in right unipolar leads (2V1, 3V1, V1) was amplified (up to 500,000 times) averaged (256 or 512 cardiac cycles) and finally digitally filtered, in order to record His-Purkinje (HP) activity. A group of 41 patients with sinus rhythm and PR intervals ranging between 100 and 250 ms was repeatedly investigated. Distinct and highly reproducible waveforms located in the PR segment, attributable to HP activity, were recorded on the averaged unfiltered traces in 14 patients (34%). Waveforms, with an amplitude ranging between 4 and 80 microV, were positive in 13 patients and negative in one. In one patient, with atrial tachycardia with 2:1 atrioventricular block, two positive successive deflections suggested the possibility of recording the proximal and distal His activity. Externally recorded averaged unfiltered traces could be useful for the investigation of HP activity in a relatively large proportion of patients.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Observations on the diagnostic criteria of the "nontransmural" acute myocardial infarction.

In 15 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) lacking Q waves ("nontransmural"), selected from 317 patients with AMI, successively observed, diagnostic criteria and evolution were analysed. Clinical and enzymatic diagnostic criteria of the "nontransmural" AMI indicated a significant myocardial necrosis. Anginal pain was particularly recurrent. Various and variable electrocardiographic signs (ST--T changes, arrhythmias, etc.) suggested a significant, extensive, myocardial damage. Complications (heart pump failure, arrhythmias, peripheral and cerebral ischemic attacks), frequently severe, occurred in the majority of the patients. "Nontransmural" AMI occurred mainly in patients older than 60, with systemic arterial involvement. Four of the patients died (two during the acute phase); in one of them, transmural AMI, suggested by a complicating pericarditis, was confirmed by necropsy. The so-called "nontransmural" AMI proved to be an actual or potentially severe condition. Its differentiation from the "transmural" AMI on the basis of electrocardiographic criteria is artificial and unjustified.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Viral myocarditis. Clinical, electrocardiographic and evolutive diversity.

Five observations of severe viral myocarditis are presented. Diverse cardiac emergencies (pump failure, ventricular premature beats or tachycardia, left bundle branch block, trifascicular block, grade 2 or 3 a-v block, severe hypotension, etc.) as well as associated conditions (pericarditis, interstitial nephritis, pneumonia, pulmonary massive thromboembolism) could be found. The course of the disease was acute in three cases, subacute in one and chronic in another. Two patients died with severe pump failure (associated with pulmonary thromboembolism in one case), The clinical, evolutive and histologic aspects were in good correlation. These cases illustrate the clinical, electrocardiographic and evolutive diversity of viral myocarditis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cardiac arrhythmias and submaximal exercise test.

Cardiac arrhythmias, investigated in 1000 persons subjects to a submaximal exercise test, showed an incidence of 6%. The most frequent were the ventricular premature beats, related in more than half of the cases to an organic, probably ischemic, heart disease. Left bundle branch block and ventricular tachycardia were rare and indicated an organic heart disease. Several other rare arrhythmias are discussed. In patients with exercise-induced cardiac arrhythmias, an increased ratio of the tension-time index to maximal oxygen consumption indicates an uneconomical and less efficient cardiac work. The increase of the PEP and of the PEP/LEVT ratio during recovery, in the subjects exhibiting exercise-induced ventricular premature beats, also suggests a lowered cardiac efficiency. These findings support the view that cardiac arrhythmias frequently coexist with an organic, especially ischemic, heart disease.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation between fibronectin and cardiothoracic ratio in heart failure treated with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.

A group of 17 patients with ischemic heart disease, significant left ventricular dilatation and congestive heart failure, class III NYHA (9 patients) and class IV NYHA (8 patients) was studied. The patients received angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor--captopril 75 mg/day or perindopril 4 mg/day--added to diuretics, digitalis and nitrates. The plasmatic level of fibronectin was investigated, by radial immunodiffusion, before and one month after the beginning of the treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. The plasmatic level of fibronectin is increased significantly (p < 0.001) while the cardiothoracic ratio is decreased significantly (p < 0.02) after one month of ACE inhibitors treatment. A positive correlation between the increase of the plasmatic level of fibronectin and the decrease of cardiothoracic ratio is found (r = 0.62; p < 0.01). The increased fibronectin plasmatic level can be a marker of the favorable effect of ACE inhibitor on the myocardium interstitium.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antithrombin III deficiency.

Data on clinical features and laboratory diagnosis of familial antithrombin deficiency, a rather heterogeneous group of disorders, are illustrated by observations on two Romanian kindreds afflicted by recurrent thrombotic episodes. In a first family, both plasma antithrombin III antigen and activity were reduced to 50% of normal, a condition characteristic for a heterozygous type I (quantitative) familial antithrombin III deficiency. In a second kindred, the two brothers who had experienced thrombotic events since they were teenagers, displayed exceedingly low AT III heparin cofactor activity (13% and 16% of the normal, respectively) while values around 50% of the normal were recorded in their parents who had not experienced thrombotic episodes. Since plasma antithrombin III antigen and total progressive antithrombin III activity were within normal limits in all the investigated members of this family it was considered that the two brothers were homozygotes or compound heterozygotes and the parents were heterozygotes for a qualitative-antithrombin III deficiency caused by an abnormality of the heparin binding site.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microalbuminuria in hypertensive patients.

The present study was designed to evaluate the urinary albumin excretion in 62 patients with essential hypertension. None of them had prior proteinuria or history of nephropathy or uropathy. Patient data, blood pressure, proteinuria using Bradford's method, albuminuria by radial immunodiffusion, urinary SDS-PAA electrophoresis, plasma glucose, serum creatinine, serum cholesterol were determined. The urinary albumin excretion was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in the group of hypertensive patients (19.22 +/- 2.36 micrograms/min) compared to a group of 20 control subjects (4.17 +/- 0.67 microgram/min). Compared to a subgroup of hypertensive patients without ischemic heart disease (12.07 +/- 1.30 micrograms/min) microalbuminuria was higher (43.74 +/- +/- 5.74 micrograms/min; p < 0.001) in a subgroup of 14 patients with essential hypertension and ischemic heart disease with severe coronary events: unstable angina pectoris (9 patients), myocardial reinfarction (2 patients), ventricular arrhythmias (3 patients). A positive correlation between the microalbuminuria and the duration of hypertension was found (r = 0.64; p < 0.001). Therefore, microalbuminuria may represent a marker of the severity of vascular involvement in hypertensive patients.

Albuminuria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA)--markers in diagnosis and monitoring systemic vasculitides.

We present a new class of autoantibodies--ANCA (antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies) which recognize as target antigen different enzyme constituents of primary granules of neutrophil granulocytes. These autoantibodies are present in a large number of diseases, such as: systemic vasculitides, idiopathic crescentic glomerulonephritis, inflammatory bowel diseases and in some other conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, SLE, Felty syndrome, acute and chronic infections. ANCA not only facilitate the diagnosis but also have a pathophysiological role for some of the idiopathic vasculitides. In our study, including 110 patients referred to the laboratory for ANCA testing by indirect immunofluorescence technique, only 25 patients were positive with a diffuse cytoplasmic (c ANCA) or perinuclear (p-ANCA) pattern on alcohol fixed slides. Some relevant cases are presented in order to emphasize that ANCA antibodies are a useful marker in the early diagnosis of systemic vasculitides, allowing effective therapeutic handling.

Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of slow-release nifedipine on ST-segment depression induced by effort test. Correlations with serum levels.

To study the anti-ischemic effect of slow-release nifedipine ten patients with stable angina pectoris and a positive effort test were selected. Nifedipinemia was measured by a gas chromatographic method. At the peak level of effort intensity slow-release nifedipine significantly decreased the mean ST-segment depression (p < 0.05) and the ischemic score (p < 0.01) when compared to the control effort test, without decreasing the double product. Nifedipine induced no more tachycardia additional to that produced by effort. At the beginning of the effort test the level of nifedipine (15.9 +/- 2.51 ng/ml) was superior to the value considered as minimal effective and was positively correlated with the ischemic score (r = 0.67; p < 0.05). A worsening of ischemia was noted in 2 patients probably due to a steal phenomenon.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical and etiopathogenetic profile of heart failure in the First Medical Clinic of Cluj-Napoca. A study of 5 years.

The authors analysed the main etiopathogenetic conditions and the clinical and evolutional profile of 1586 patients with heart failure (HF), admitted to the First Medical Clinic of Cluj-Napoca between 1990 and 1994. Ischemic heart disease was found in 1,236 patients (78%), followed by chronic cor pulmonale, valvulopathies and congenital heart diseases. Among the precipitating and/or aggravating factors of HF, the most important were infections in 434 patients (33.10%), and arrhythmias, especially atrial fibrillation, in 332 patients (25.39%). In decreased order of frequency there were also failure to observe prescribed therapy, uncontrolled arterial hypertension, anemias, dyselectrolytemias, dysproteinemias. HF had a chronic evolution in 1,450 patients (91.40%), and an acute one in 136 (8.6%). In conditions of complex therapy including cardiotonics, diuretics, plus, more recently, conversion enzyme inhibitors, the clinical evolution was favourable in 1,432 patients (90.20%), which had a lower functional class on discharge from hospital.

Acute Disease↗