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Biomedical subjects

N Oka

Publications and source records attributed to N Oka.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[One and a half syndrome and MRI--a case report and functional neuroanatomy of the syndrome].

This is a case report of 63 year old men who presented one and a half syndrome with ipsilateral peripheral type facial palsy due to lacunar infarct. MRI taken one week after the onset (TR 2000, TE 38) demonstrated small high intensity lesion, 4 mm in diameter, located at the dorsal portion of pontine tegmentum, contacting with the floor of 4th ventricle. This MRI coincides with the lesion limited to the abducens nucleus and genu of facial nerve. Traditionally, projections from the PPRF to the ipsilateral abducens nucleus and opposite MLF was postulated. Recently, however, experiment on monkey and autopsy cases showed projection from abducens nucleus, instead of PPRF, to the opposite MLF has been proposed. MRI findings in this case support the latter hypothesis. It is expected that, with the advent of MRI, more meticulous functional neuroanatomy will be developed.

Dementia, Multi-Infarct↗
PubMed1990

[A clinical case of ABO-incompatible living renal transplantation].

We successfully made ABO-incompatible renal transplantation, of which report is methodologically the first in Japan and probably the second in the world to our knowledge. Sixty year-old-female (mother) with B-blood type donated her right kidney to 36 years-old male (son) with O-blood type. Pretransplant removal of plasma isoagglutinin of the recipient through plasma exchange with albumin solution followed by hemodialysis with administration of fresh frozen B-type plasma effectively reduced the anti-BIgM-antibody titre of x256 to x8 and the anti-IgG-antibody titre of x512 to x16. Splenectomy was performed at the time of transplantation. On the 10th POD, the anti-B antibody titres were more decreased to IgM antibody x2 and IgG antibody x8. Patient is doing well without any sign of rejection as of 4 months postoperatively.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1990

[The alternation of CD4+ cells and its subpopulations by serial monitoring of peripheral blood lymphocytes of renal allograft recipients].

Immunologic monitoring for renal allograft recipients should be carried out serially and as conveniently as possible so that we can catch and treat the initial alternation of the rejection and infection. We have introduced the serial analysis of lymphocyte surface antigens of peripheral blood lymphocytes by flow cytometry for 9 cases of renal allograft recipients (3 cases of living related, 2 cases of living non-related, and 4 cases cadaver donors). In three recipients without rejection and infection, T4+(CD4+), T4+4B4+(CDw29+), T4+2H4+(CD45R+), T4+I2+(HLA-DR+), and T4+IL-2R+(CD25+) subsets showed variable processes for first 10 days and then stable processes. On primary rejection of 5 cases, activated T cell subsets such as T4+I2+ and T4+IL-2R+ subsets showed peak formations within 2 days before the rejection. Two of these 5 cases resisted a primary rejection therapy and showed a rebounding rise of these subsets. We could easily convert to OKT-3 rescue therapy and treat them successfully. We could not find out the specific alternation in the secondary rejection of 2 cases and all the infection cases. On the basis of these findings, we should serially monitor the T4+I2+ and T4+IL-2R+ subsets daily for first 2 weeks and after then 3 times a week, in order to catch the initial alternation of the primary rejection and treat its rebound successfully.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Monoamine oxidase-containing nerve fibers in the major cerebral arteries of rats.

The localization of monoamine oxidase (MAO) in nerve fibers associated with the major cerebral arteries in rats was studied using a new coupled peroxidation method modified by adding nickel ammonium sulfate at the electron microscopic level. MAO was, localized in some unmyelinated axons, both in the adventitia and in the periadventitial nerve bundles. Schwann cell cytoplasm encircling myelinated axons in the periadventitial nerve bundles also contained a MAO-reactive substance. The incidences of MAO-containing axons in the adventitial layer of the anterior cerebral, middle cerebral, internal carotid and basilar arteries were 32.3%, 29.5%, 29.6% and 21.1%, respectively. In the periadventitial nerve bundles, MAO activity was also demonstrated in 10.8% among unmyelinated axons. Preincubation with clorgyline, a specific inhibitor of MAOA, suppressed staining in the axons, both in adventitia and in periadventitial nerve bundles, but not in the Schwann cell cytoplasm. Conversely, preincubation with deprenyl, a specific inhibitor of MAOB, suppressed staining in the Schwann cell cytoplasm, but not in the axons. Therefore, MAO in the axons is regarded as MAOA and MAO in the Schwann cell cytoplasm as MAOB. In immunosympathectomized rats (anti-NGF-treated rats), MAO reactivity was suppressed in axons associated with cerebral arteries, but was retained in some Schwann cell cytoplasm. The results indicate that the MAO-containing unmyelinated axons coincide with the postganglionic noradrenergic ones. Thus, histochemical MAO staining may be utilized to study postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers presumably innervating the major cerebral arteries at the electron microscopic level.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1989

Post-traumatic intention tremor--clinical features and CT findings.

Eight patients with post-traumatic intention tremor were reported. Intention tremor developed in the young as a late complication of severe head injury (Glasgow Coma Scale was below 8 in all cases) and impaired their functional outcome. This state was treatable with medication or by stereotactic thalamotomy. Neurologically, all the patients lapsed into coma immediately after the injury and many patients manifested clinical signs of a midbrain lesion in the chronic stage. The characteristic CT (computed tomography) findings in the acute stage were a high density area in the midbrain, accompanied by diffuse cerebral swelling or intraventricular hemorrhage, and in the chronic stage, brain atrophy or ventricular enlargement were the most prominent CT findings. These characteristics, indicating diffuse brain damage in addition to midbrain injury, may suggest the presence of shearing injury. The midbrain damage is consistent with the classical hypothesis that the damage to the Dentate-Rubro-thalamic system accounts for the occurrence of intention tremor. Furthermore, the presence of diffuse brain damage suggests that a more widespread brain injury may participate in its development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Factor XIIIa-containing cells and fibrosis in oral and maxillofacial lesions: an immunohistochemical study.

The distribution of subunit A of blood coagulation factor XIII (FXIIIa) was investigated by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method in various oral and maxillofacial tissues. These tissues were from normal tongue, gingiva, lip, and submandibular gland, and from Dilantin gingival hyperplasia (one case), pyogenic granuloma (three cases), peripheral fibroma (four cases), squamous cell carcinoma (seven cases), chronic sclerosing submandibular adenitis (two cases), and fibrous dysplasia of the mandibular bone (one case). The distribution of collagenous components was examined in the same tissues by means of the Sirius red F3BA method. By means of the ABC method, FXIIIa was detected in the cytoplasm of certain connective tissue cells in each of the tissues examined. These FXIIIa-containing cells were sparse in the normal tissues but evidently abundant in the fibrous connective tissue of inflammatory and neoplastic lesions. In the present study, the close relationship between the distribution of FXIIIa-containing cells and that of collagenous components is demonstrated. The role that FXIIIa-containing cells play in the process of fibrosis is discussed.

Collagen↗
PubMed1989

A case of septic cavernous sinus thrombosis with sequential dynamic angiographic changes. A case report.

A case of intracavernous aneurysm secondary to septic cavernous sinus thrombosis demonstrating sequential dynamic angiographic changes is reported. Serial angiograms of a 32-year-old man with septic cavernous sinus infection revealed a normal study, stenosis, recovery of stenosis, and aneurysmal formation. Superficial temporal-middle cerebral artery anastomosis and internal carotid artery ligation were performed because of progressive ophthalmoplegia. Neurological deficit rapidly disappeared. Anigiographic changes and surgical treatment of septic cavernous sinus thrombosis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The platysma myocutaneous flap for oral reconstruction. Experience with MacFee's cervical incision.

The present study was performed to demonstrate and evaluate the effectiveness of the Platysma Myocutaneous Flap in conjunction with MacFee's cervical incision (MacFee, 1960) for reconstruction after oral cancer excision. Ten squamous cell carcinoma cases were provided for postoperative evaluation of tongue movement and aesthetic problems of the cervical skin. It was found that the thickness of the skin island was adequate for covering the oral defects and was not a hindrance to proper postoperative function. MacFee's incision improved the condition of the scar caused by flap elevation. The procedure for preparing the muscle pedicle beneath the cervical skin tunnel was carried out without much difficulty by carefully preparing the surgical field.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Intention tremor after head injury. Clinical features and computed tomographic findings].

Eight cases of intention tremor as a late complication of head injury were investigated. The patients ranged in age from 3 to 24 years. All received severe head injuries and lapsed into coma immediately afterward (Glasgow Coma Scale scores less than or equal to 8). Six patients exhibited decerebration or decortication. Hemiparesis was present in six cases and oculomotor nerve palsy in four. In the chronic stage, all patients displayed some degree of impairment of higher cortical function and five had dysarthria and/or ataxia. Initial computed tomography (CT) scans within 3 hours after the injury were obtained in five cases, of which four showed a hemorrhagic lesion in the midbrain or its surroundings. Other CT findings were diffuse cerebral swelling (four cases), intraventricular hemorrhage (three), and multiple hemorrhagic lesions (two). In the chronic stage, generalized cortical atrophy or ventricular enlargement was noted in five cases. These clinical features and CT findings indicate diffuse brain damage as well as midbrain damage and may reflect shearing injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Is massive fluid load indispensable for the parturient immediately before regional anesthesia?].

One hundred healthy parturients scheduled for elective cesarean section were studied prospectively. Fifty patients received spinal anesthesia with 12mg of hyperbaric tetracaine and were defined as the spinal group. Other fifty patients received epidural anesthesia with 300mg of lidocaine and were defined as the epidural group. A half of patients in each group were given 1,000ml of Ringer's lactate immediately before the regional anesthesia (prehydrated). Rapid hydration was not given to another half of them (non-prehydrated). In the spinal group, ephedrine administration was needed significantly less frequently for prehydrated patients than for non-prehydrated ones. And the mean dose of this drug for prehydrated patients was significantly less than that for non-prehydrated ones. In the epidural group, though prehydration tended to prevent maternal hypotension, neither rate of ephedrine administration nor mean doses of this drug showed any significant difference between prehydrated and non-prehydrated patients. Prehydration did not improve significantly neither acid-base balances of umbilical arterial and venous blood nor Apgar scores of the neonates in either group. We conclude that massive fluid load is not indispensable immediately before the regional anesthesia for the parturient. Furthermore, because this method is not reliable, its advantages and disadvantages including the possibility of enhancing pulmonary edema should be evaluated.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Studies on pulsatile secretion of thyrotropin and prolactin in hypogonadal women].

Studies of normal human subjects have shown that prolactin (PRL) as well as thyrotropin (TSH) are secreted in pulsatile fashion. This study was designed to investigate whether or not these two hormones are secreted synchronously. Ten postmenopausal women who had had amenorrhea for at least 3 years and 2 women who had been ovariectomized 3 and 5 years before and were between 35 approximately 60 yr of age were studied. Blood samples were obtained between 1500 approximately 2000 h at 15 min intervals. Distinct pulsatile fluctuation of plasma TSH concentration was present in all subjects. However, only 31% of these pulses were observed to coincide with PRL pulses. The mean (+/- SD) increment of TSH (nadir to peak) was 1.2 +/- 0.5 mu u/ml. The mean interval between pulses of TSH was 73 min. In contrast, regular episodic fluctuation of plasma PRL concentration were present in only 5 out of 12 women, and 48% of these pulses were observed to coincide with TSH pulses. These results indicate that pulses of TSH and PRL are generated independently. Since thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) may be a direct generator of TSH pulse and a potent stimulator of PRL secretion, our results may suggest that physiological concentration of TRH in portal blood which is sufficient to elicit TSH pulse may be too low to elicit PRL pulse.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Preeclampsia: a microvesicular fat disease of the liver?

To study the interrelationship between preeclampsia, the syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count, and acute fatty liver of pregnancy, 41 liver specimens from 41 preeclamptic women with and without liver dysfunction were examined for the amount of fat deposited in hepatocytes. All 41 specimens stained with oil red O on frozen sections showed a significant amount of microvesicular fat droplets in varying degrees. In contrast, only 11 of the 41 stained conventionally (with hematoxylin-eosin) showed significant fatty infiltration. The density of hepatocellular fat correlated positively with plasma urate concentration and negatively with the platelet count. These findings suggest that preeclampsia may be one of several microvesicular fatty diseases of the liver and that acute fatty liver of pregnancy may be the most severe form.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Prolactin release in polycystic ovarian syndrome.

To evaluate the prevalence of hyperprolactinemia in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCO), 72 patients with oligo- or anovulation were studied. All of the patients had persisting elevated LH (greater than 25 mIU/ml), normal FSH, high LH/FSH ratio (greater than 2.5), and exaggerated LH responses to LHRH. Mean testosterone and androstenedione concentrations were appreciably increased in these patients. Out of 171 samples for prolactin (PRL) determination from these 72 patients, only 5 patients had a PRL value above 30 ng/ml during the first sampling. The next sampling from these same 5 women disclosed that they were transiently hyperprolactinemic because the next samples showed a normal PRL value. To further investigate the PRL secretory capacity 500 micrograms of TRH and 10 mg of metoclopramide (MCP) were administered to these 72 and 44 patients, respectively. The PRL response to MCP was significantly blunted in these patients compared to normal women while the PRL response to TRH in these patients was not indistinguishable from that in normal women. These results indicate that the true prevalence rate of hyperprolactinemia in PCO may be low rather than high and the association of hyperprolactinemia with PCO may be coincidental rather than a pathogenically related phenomenon.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[A case of a complete paraplegic fathering a girl following artificial insemination after an intrathecal neostigmine injection].

A case of a 32-year-old paraplegic male who fathered a girl following artificial insemination after an intrathecal neostigmine injection is described. The patient became a complete paraplegic after injury to the spinal cord caused by a traffic accident in 1971, resulting in ejaculatory disturbance. In June, 1984 the first intrathecal neostigmine injection was tried and 2.7 ml of semen was collected and offered to artificial insemination. However, the first to ninth attempt did not result in fertilization. The tenth attempt was made in March 7, 1986, and 3 ml of semen presenting 240 X 10(6) spermatozoa per ml with 5% of motile sperms was collected. This resulted in pregnancy, and the patient's wife delivered a healthy girl weighing 2552 g by cesarean section on November 19, 1986. This is the fourth case of a paraplegic who fathered a child following artificial insemination after an intrathecal neostigmine injection in the Japanese literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Male infertility with chromosomal abnormalities. III. 46, XYq-].

A deletion of the long arm of the Y chromosome (46,XYq-) was found in two cases with normal male habitus but with azoospermia. The first case was of a 28-year-old married man, an office worker, complaining of infertility. His height was 153 cm, weight 57 kg and distance of extended hand 152 cm. Both testes were 13 ml in size. The second case was a 32-year-old married man, a fireman, complaining of infertility. His height was 160 cm, weight 64 kg and distance of extended hand 161 cm. Both testes were 10 ml in size. In each case, the external genitalia showed a normal male type, but azoospermia was identified in semen analysis. The testicular biopsy specimens revealed spermatogenic arrest with thickening of basement membrane. Chromosomal analysis showed 46,XYq- karyotype. Basal serum levels of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone were slightly elevated and the serum testosterone level was within normal limits. Eight cases of 46,XYq- karyotype in the Japanese literature including our cases were reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Long-term chemotherapy in patients with stage IV gastric cancer after surgical treatment--a randomized comparative study of FT-207 and UFT].

A prospective randomized and comparative study of FT-207 and UFT was performed for cases of Stage IV gastric cancer involving long-term cancer chemotherapy after surgery. Immediately after the surgery, the subjects were randomly divided into two groups: A group treated by MMC and FT-207: and B group treated by MMC and UFT. From a total of 54 cases, 8 cases were excluded, so that A group consisted of 24 subjects and B group of 22 subjects. There were no differences in background factors between the two groups. In a comparison of all the cases, B group revealed a significantly higher survival rate than A group. These results indicated that the simultaneous use of MMC and UFT was effective as a long-term cancer chemotherapy after surgery for patients with Stage IV gastric cancer.

Adult↗