Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

N Ohara

Publications and source records attributed to N Ohara.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Hypotensive effect of a phosphorus-containing novel angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, (S)-1-[6-amino-2[[hydroxy(4-phenylbutyl)phosphinyl] oxy]-1-oxohexyl]-L-proline (SQ 29,852) in conscious hypertensive dogs.

The hypotensive efficacy of (S)-1-[6-amino-2[[hydroxy(4-phenylbutyl) phosphinyl]oxy]-1-oxohexyl]-L-proline (SQ 29,852), a phosphorus-containing novel angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) was examined in conscious two-kidney, one-clip Goldblatt hypertensive dogs. The acute hypotensive effect of SQ 29 852 was compared with that of captopril or enalapril at 3 mg/kg, p.o., for each, and the potencies were ranked as follows, enalapril greater than SQ 29,852 greater than captopril. On the other hand, the hypotension caused by repetitive dosing with SQ 29,852 (3 mg/kg, p.o./d for 7 d followed by another 7-d treatment with 10 mg/kg, p.o./d) was somewhat more marked than that by enalapril at the same dosage. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) increased in all the animals given enalapril, while that in all of the SQ 29,852-treated animals did not increase. These results indicate that SQ 29,852 is a potent, and long-lasting ACEI with a possible low incidence of side effects.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

An acidic polysaccharide having immunological activities from the rhizome of Cnidium officinale.

An acidic polysaccharide, designated as cnidirhan AG, was isolated from the rhizomes of Cnidium officinale Makino. It was homogeneous on electrophoresis and gel chromatography, and its molecular mass was estimated to be 5.1 x 10(4). It showed pronounced reticuloendothelial system-potentiating activity in a carbon clearance test, and had a remarkable effect on both anti-complementary and alkaline phosphatase-inducing activities. It is composed of L-arabinose: D-galactose: D-glucuronic acid in the molar ratio of 2:6:1, in addition to small amounts of O-acetyl groups. Methylation analysis, carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance, controlled Smith degradation and limited acid hydrolysis indicated that the core structural features of cnidirhan AG include a backbone chain composed of beta-1,3-linked D-galactose residues. Some of the galactose units in the backbone carry beta-D-galactosyl side chains at position 6. Both alpha-L-arabinosyl arabinose side chains and terminal beta-D-glucuronic acid residues are linked to the core galactan units.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1992

The core structure of ukonan A, a phagocytosis-activating polysaccharide from the rhizome of Curcuma longa, and immunological activities of degradation products.

The controlled Smith degradation of ukonan A, a phagocytosis-activating polysaccharide isolated from the rhizome of Curcuma longa L., was performed. The reticuloendothelial system-potentiating, anti-complementary and alkaline phosphatase-inducing activities of ukonan A and its degradation products were investigated. Methylation analyses of both the primary and the secondary Smith degradation products indicated that the core structural features of ukonan A include a backbone chain mainly composed of beta-1,3-linked D-galactose, beta-1,4-linked D-xylose and alpha-1,2-linked L-rhamnose residues. All of the galactose units in the backbone carry side chains composed of alpha-L-arabino-beta-D-galactosyl or beta-D-galactosyl residues at position 6. Ukonan A has a remarkable effect on each of the three kinds of immunological activities. Periodate oxidation caused pronounced decrease or disappearance of the activities, but the controlled Smith degradation product having the core structure of polysaccharide showed considerable restoration of these activities.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Mitral valve prolapse in childhood: the incidence and clinical presentations in different age groups.

To elucidate the incidence and natural history of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) during childhood, we investigated a total of 4,238 children (aged from 1 day to 15 years) classified by age into 4 groups: Group 1:1 to 28-day-old full-term normal newborns (n = 108), Group 2: 6 to 18-month-old infants (n = 391), Group 3: 6 to 7-year-old children (n = 2,801), and Group 4: 12 to 15-year-old children (n = 938). The incidence of MVP was determined by videorecorded two-dimensional echocardiography in a double-blind method twice-over. There were 109 cases diagnosed as having MVP. The incidence rates of MVP were as follows: Group 1: 0%, Group 2: 0.25%, Group 3: 2.1% and Group 4: 5.1%. Arrhythmias were detected in 49% (27/55) by Holter ECG, and by exercise stress test in 4.7% (2/43). Eighty-three (77%) of 108 cases in Groups 3 and 4, excluding the 1 case in Group 2, showed no symptoms. Ventricular premature contraction (VPC) was the most common arrhythmia, and was benign in all cases. A mid-systolic click (MSC), late systolic murmur (LSM), MSC + LSM, and a pansystolic murmur were detected in 23.1%, 3.7%, 4.6% and 5.6%, respectively. Symptoms caused by MVP increased and appeared more apparently with age. Further prospective long-term follow-up studies to adulthood are necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Pharmacology of a phosphorus-containing novel angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, SQ 29 852 in anesthetized dogs.

The effects of (S)-1[6-amino-2[[hydrozy(4- phenylbutyl)phosphinyl]oxy]-1-oxohexyl]-L-proline (SQ 29 852), a phosphorus-containing novel angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), which is synthesized aiming an ACEI with long-lasting activity and with few side effects, were studied using anesthetized dogs. SQ 29 852 was equipotent with captopril to modify blood pressure response of the animals to angiotensin I (Ang I) and bradykinin (Bdk). An intravenous infusion of SQ 29 852 at 0.1 mg/kg/min for 30 min caused a remarkable hypotension without reflex tachycardia in open-chest dogs. In these animals cardiac contractility (dP/dtmax of left ventricular pressure) appeared to be reduced by SQ 29 852 without any changes in right atrial pressure (RAP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and aortic blood flow (AoF, cardiac output). In sodium-restricted dogs, the hypotension and renal vasodilation by SQ 29 852 (at 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/kg, i.v.) were slightly pronounced compared with animals fed with normal diet. It is demonstrated from these results that SQ 29 852 has comparable potency with captopril to inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity and as common a pharmacological profile as ACEI. SQ 29 852 may be a favorable antihypertensive agent, if its long-lasting activity and few side effects are confirmed.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1991

Reticuloendothelial system-potentiating and alkaline phosphatase-inducing activities of Plantago-mucilage A, the main mucilage from the seed of Plantago asiatica, and its five modification products.

Five kinds of chemically modified products were prepared from Plantago-mucilage A, the representative mucous polysaccharide isolated from the seed of Plantago asiatica L., and their reticuloendothelial system-potentiating and alkaline phosphatase-inducing activities have been investigated. Both activities were markedly enhanced when the mucilage was de-O-acetylated. The products obtained by periodate oxidation, controlled Smith degradation, and partial acid hydrolysis under the two conditions were not effective. Structural features of the partial hydrolyzates were elucidated, and it was shown that these products lost all O-acetyl groups, all xylose branches and many hexuronosyl arabinose side chains.

Adhesives↗
PubMed1991

Characterization of a polysaccharide having activity on the reticuloendothelial system from the stolon of Glycyrrhiza glabra var. glandulifera.

An acidic polysaccharide, named glycyrrhizan GA, was isolated from the stolon of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. var. glandulifera Reg. et Herd. It produced a single band on electrophoresis and a single peak on gel chromatography, and its molecular mass was estimated to be 85,000. Glycyrrhizan GA is composed of L-arabinose: D-galactose: L-rhamnose: D-galacturonic acid: D-glucuronic acid in the molar ratio of 22:10:1:2:1, in addition to small amounts of O-acetyl groups. Part of the hexuronic acid residues exist as methyl esters. Methylation analysis, carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance and periodate oxidation studies indicated that its structural features include mainly alpha-arabino-beta-3,6-galactan type structural units. Glycyrrhizan GA showed remarkable reticuloendothelial system-potentiating activity in a carbon clearance test.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Constituents of seed of Malva verticillata. VII. Structural features and reticuloendothelial system-potentiating activity of MVS-I, the major neutral polysaccharide.

The structural features of MVS-I, the major neutral polysaccharide isolated from the seeds of Malva verticillata L., were elucidated by controlled Smith degradation, methylation analysis, partial acid hydrolysis and enzymic degradation studies. It has a backbone chain composed of beta-1,3-linked D-glucose and D-galactose residues having branches composed of alpha-1,5-linked L-arabinosyl beta-1,4-linked D-galactose and of beta-1,4-linked D-galactosyl beta-1,3-linked D-glucose residues at position 6 of a part of D-galactose units as side chains. MVS-I showed remarkable reticuloendothelial system-potentiating activity in a carbon clearance test.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate-dependent protein kinase (A kinase) regulation of insulin receptor function: phosphorylation of insulin receptor with A kinase decreases the insulin binding activity.

The effect of phosphorylation of insulin receptor with adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate-dependent protein kinase (A kinase) on its insulin binding activity was investigated by using insulin receptors prepared from rat liver in vitro. A 95 KDa protein was phosphorylated by stimulation of insulin receptor kinase. This protein was also phosphorylated by A kinase. Analysis of phosphoamino acid showed that tyrosine residue(s) was phosphorylated by activation of insulin receptor kinase, whereas phosphoserine and phosphothreonine were dominantly generated by activation of A kinase. [125I] Iodoinsulin binding activity was decreased by prior phosphorylation of the receptor with A kinase. Scatchard analysis showed that the affinity for insulin was decreased by the phosphorylation with A kinase. Although the maximal activity of insulin receptor kinase was not affected by phosphorylation with A kinase, the insulin concentration which induced half maximal activity (ED50) of the receptor kinase was increased by the phosphorylation with A kinase. These results suggested that counter regulatory hormones whose actions are mediated by the generation of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate regulate the insulin binding to the alpha subunit through phosphorylation of the beta subunit of insulin receptor.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1991

[The way of submucosal invasion of superficial sm cancers].

Nineteen superficial sm cancers were studied as for their way of submucosal invasion. The materials were obtained either by colonoscopic polypectomy or by surgical operation. The following were concluded: 1. The ways of submucosal invasion can be classified into three. There is a special type of superficial early cancer which penetrate the mucosal muscle at one point and reaches the deeper layer linearly or show expansive growth at the submucosal layer. 2. The speed of submucosal invasion is either earlier (at the size around 5 mm), or slower (over 15 mm). 3. There are no significant difference in the way of submucosal invasion between IIa and IIc subclasses of superficial early cancers. That is one supporting evidence that there is no fundamental difference among subclasses of shapes of superficial early cancers. 4. One reason why the diagnosis of superficial cancers is difficult is that not a few superficial cancers undergo early morphological change (to sessile form) due to massive submucosal invasion.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Cine magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating flow dynamics in congenital heart diseases with left-to-right shunts].

Cine magnetic resonance imaging (cine MRI) was used to evaluate the cardiac structures and blood flow in congenital heart diseases with left-to-right shunts. Fifteen children with left-to-right shunts which were confirmed by echocardiography or angiography were investigated in the present study. Five children each had atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, and complete endocardial cushion defect. Their ages ranged from 4 months to 13 years (mean 5.5 years). Prior to cine MRI, the ECG-gated cardiac imaging using multi-slice acquisition was performed in all the children to localize the optimal slice for cine MRI. To select the optimal imaging planes for various cardiac structures, we used axial, coronal, sagittal and four-chamber views. Cine MRI was demonstrated by a fast low 30 degree flip angle imaging technique, with a 15 msec echo time, a 30-40 msec pulse repetition time, and a 256 x 256 or 128 x 128 acquisition matrix. Abnormalities of cardiac structures were defined extremely well in all the children using ECG-gated cardiac imaging. In 14 of the 15 children (93%), cine MRI clearly detected a left-to-right shunt flow, which was visualized as a low signal intensity area compared to the surrounding blood flow. Noninvasively, cine MRI provides accurate images of the anatomy of the cardiac structures, makes functional assessments of the cardiac chambers and walls, and flow relationships. It has no limitations of imaging planes imposed bones and lung, and is not associated with technical difficulties as required with echocardiography which has small cardiac window.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Antihypertensive action of the novel angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor benazepril hydrochloride in hypertensive rat models.

Single or repeated administration of benazepril hydrochloride (CGS 14824 A, CAS 86541-74-4), a novel angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor, (0.3-10 mg/kg p.o.) caused significant antihypertensive effects in renal and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The antihypertensive effects of benazepril hydrochloride was about 3 times as potent as that of captopril in these models. Single administration (0.3-3 mg/kg p.o.) of benazepril hydrochloride and enalapril maleate showed an equipotent antihypertensive effect in SHR. Benazepril hydrochloride (3-30 mg/kg p.o.), however, showed no clear effect on the blood pressure and heart rate in normotensive or DOCA/salt hypertensive rats.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Clinical significance of biliary sludge.

Although biliary sludge has been considered to be a benign condition associated with factors promoting bile stasis, its clinical significance and whether it contributes to biliary tract symptoms are uncertain. We conducted a retrospective review of patients with ultrasonographic diagnosis of biliary tract sludge during the 6-year period from 1979 to 1985. Of the 87 patients with gallbladder sludge alone, 11 (13%) had definite clinical findings and evolving laboratory abnormalities consistent with acute biliary tract disease. Four of these 11 patients proved to have gallstones at the time of surgery, while three had sludge alone as the apparent cause of their biliary tract symptoms. The clinical illness in four remaining patients resolved with medical therapy. We conclude that gallbladder sludge, as defined by ultrasound, may be associated with acute biliary tract disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Effects of beta-hydroxy butyric acid on insulin binding to its receptor and on autophosphorylation of the receptor.

We examined the effects of beta-hydroxy butyric acid (B-OH-butyrate) on insulin binding to its receptor and on autophosphorylation of the receptor in vitro. The affinity of isolated rat adipocyte insulin receptors was significantly increased by B-OH-butyrate at neutral pH. Similar results were obtained with soluble insulin receptors prepared from hepatocytes. Autophosphorylation of insulin receptor, however, was not affected by OH-butyrate at neutral pH. These results suggested insulin resistance in ketoacidosis is not caused by an interaction between B-OH-butyrate and the insulin receptor.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed1989

[Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and osteoporosis].

The authors have already reported that the bone density of normal pregnant women might be kept at the same density as in normal non-pregnant women. However, it might be decreased in women with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) by estimating serum calcium levels, serum levels of calcium regulating hormones and calcium secretion into the urine. In order to demonstrate this theory, the degree of bone density in the second metacarpal bone of normal or PIH pregnant women was measured by X-ray using microdensitometry method (MD method). In MD method, six indices, such as MCI, d, GSmin, GSmax, sigma GS/D and densitometric pattern, are calculated by computer analysis of the X-ray of the bilateral hands. By the evaluation of the degree of bone atrophy, scores such as 0 better than the regression line of healthy women, which were prepared according to each age, 1 until 1 delta to the aggravation, 2 until 2 delta, and 3 more than 2 delta were totaled and evaluated as normal, initial stage of bone atrophy, 1st degree of bone atrophy, 2nd degree of bone atrophy and 3rd degree of bone atrophy for 0-3 scores, 4-9 scores, 10-12 scores and 13-18 scores, respectively (delta = 1 S.D.). The metacarpal index (MCI) of normal pregnant women in 3rd trimester was more than the mean in all cases, while cases more than 2 delta of the mean were noted in 29.4% of mild PIH and 11.8% of severe PIH, and a decreasing tendency of width of bone cortex was considered in PIH women. On the other hand, width of bone marrow (d) increased significantly in mild and severe PIH women. In the index for the density of only bone cortex area (GSmax) in PIH women, cases less than mean -1 delta were noted in 29.3% of mild types and in 11.8% of severe types respectively, and a high incidence was noted even though it was insignificant compared with 7.4% of normal pregnant women. In the index of the densities of bone cortex and bone marrow (GSmin), cases less than mean -1 delta were noted more frequently in PIH women than normal pregnant women, but in the index of bone density per unit length (sigma GS/D) no differences were noted between PIH and normal pregnant women.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Absorptiometry, Photon↗