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Biomedical subjects

N Ohara

Publications and source records attributed to N Ohara.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Coexistence of brenner tumor and struma ovarii: case report.

BACKGROUND: There has been controversy regarding the histogenesis of Brenner tumors. It is generally accepted that Brenner tumors are derived directly from ovarian surface epithelium, which undergoes metaplasia to form the typical urothelial-like components, whereas some investigators assume that Brenner tumors arise from immature germ cells. CASE: We describe a well-documented case of the coexistence of struma ovarii regarded as a form of teratoma and Brenner tumor in the same ovary. Immunohistologically, not only columnar cells of thyroid follicles, but also transitional cells of Brenner nests were positive for thyroglobulin. CONCLUSIONS: In the present case, Brenner tumors and thyroid elements coexisted and were positive for thyroglobulin. While there is strong evidence that pure Brenner tumors originate mostly from the ovarian surface, at least Brenner tumors associated with teratomatous elements may have a germ cell origin.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Selective estrogen receptor modulator and selective progesterone receptor modulator: therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of uterine leiomyoma.

Recent advances in endocrinology open a door for clinical application of selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) and selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM) in the treatment of uterine leiomyoma. With regard to SERM, treatment with raloxifene is shown to reduce leiomyoma size in postmenopausal women. Although raloxifene causes shrinkage of leiomyomas in combination with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in premenopausal women, the effects of monotherapy with raloxifene on leiomyoma growth in premenopausal women remain controversial. By contrast, tamoxifen may not be suitable for long-term treatment of leiomyomas due to an agonistic action on the endometrium. Treatment with progesterone antagonist (RU486) or SPRM (J867) has been demonstrated to inhibit leiomyoma growth and improve clinical symptoms in premenopausal women. No serious adverse effects associated with SERM or SPRM have been reported. In light of therapeutic efficacy and few adverse effects, SERM and SPRM may hold promise as novel treatment modalities for leiomyoma. Further studies are warranted to determine the optimal strategy for the treatment of leiomyoma with SERM and SPRM.

Female↗
PubMed2005

Pregnancy complicated with pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis: case report.

A case of a 30-year-old primiparous woman with pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis is described. The patient had experienced six episodes of spontaneous pneumothorax at the age of 27 years and had been diagnosed as having pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis based on histological findings of specimens obtained by transbronchial biopsy. She had undertaken open lung surgery and thoracoscopy. Thereafter, she became pregnant spontaneously. Her antenatal course was uneventful with no exacerbation of respiratory status. At 38 weeks of gestation, she underwent a selective cesarean section and myomectomy under combined spinal and epidural anesthesia. Her postoperative course was uneventful. No remarkable changes in computed tomographic findings of the lung were noted on the 20th day of postoperation compared with those before pregnancy. She has been followed-up in the pulmonary outpatient clinic with no deterioration of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Consumptive coagulopathy that developed in a pregnant woman with degenerated uterine leiomyoma: case report.

A case of consumptive coagulopathy in a 30-year-old pregnant woman with degenerated uterine leiomyoma is described. She developed lower abdominal pain at 21 weeks of gestation. Laboratory profiles revealed coagulation abnormalities. Magnetic resonance imaging diagnosed degenerated uterine leiomyoma. At 34 weeks, she underwent cesarean section and myomectomy. Pathological examination showed the presence of organized thrombi in the vessels of leiomyoma. The consumption of platelets and coagulation factors in degenerated uterine leiomyoma may result in consumptive coagulopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

A pregnant woman with anti-Gregory antigen: case report.

Negative Gregory antigen (Gy(a-)) remains an extremely uncommon blood phenotype. We describe a 32-year-old pregnant woman with (Gy(a-)) and anti-Gregory antigen (anti-Gy(a)). There was no evidence of consanguineous mating in her family. Blood typing study revealed that only her father was Gy(a-) among the family. Anti-Gy(a) had a titer of 16 before pregnancy, but increased to 1024 at 33 weeks of gestation with a titer of 512 at 34 weeks. Her own blood stores were collected starting at 14 weeks, amounting to 1800 g totally. She underwent an emergency cesarean section at 35 weeks due to a non-reassuring fetal status. Blood loss was approximately 1090 g. Cord blood type was found to be Gy(a-). The indirect Coombs test of cord blood was positive, while the direct Coombs test was negative. No neonatal hemorrhagic disease developed. The storage of a sufficient amount of crossmatch-compatible Gy(a-) blood during pregnancy is important in case of possible need of blood transfusion at delivery for women with anti-Gy(a).

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Inhibitory effect of water-soluble chitosan on growth of Streptococcus mutans.

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of pH and the degree of polymerization of chitosan on the inhibition of growth of Streptococcus mutans. Three types of chitosan, polymer, oligomer and monomer, were used at 4% (W/V) and three different levels of pH: 6.0, 6.5 and 7.4. Bactericidal activity was calculated by the growth ratio. Chitosan oligomer significantly inhibited bacterial growth at a pH value of 6.5. All three types of chitosan strongly inhibited bacterial growth at pH 6.0. Furthermore, nearly complete inhibition was obtained with 2%(W/V) chitosan solution at constant pH 6.5. This study is the first to report that water-soluble chitosan directly suppresses the growth of the typical cariogenic bacterium S. mutans even at pH 6.5, without causing demineralization of the tooth surface.

Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic↗
PubMed2003

A primary retroperitoneal serous cystadenocarcinoma with clinically aggressive behavior.

CASE REPORT: We describe a 44-year-old woman with a primary retroperitoneal serous cystadenocarcinoma as the fourth report in the world literature. A contrast-enhanced computed tomographic scan of the abdomen demonstrated a mass with enhanced solid mural nodules and septa in the left retroperitoneum. Serum CA19-9 was elevated at 181 U/ml. The patient underwent a complete resection of the retroperitoneal tumor with a partial resection of the psoas major muscle and its fascia. Pathological examination showed a well-differentiated papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma of ovarian type and locoregional lymph node metastases. Seven months after surgery, the patient developed a pelvic recurrence, and underwent a total hysterectomy, a left salpingo-oophorectomy and a resection of the metastatic mesenteric mass. Two months after the second surgery, serum CA19-9 and CA125 increased to 1,114 U/ml and 218 U/ml, respectively. A solitary liver metastasis was confirmed on a computed tomographic scan. The patient is now being treated with weekly docetaxel and carboplatin. CONCLUSION: The present case illustrates the clinically aggressive nature of a primary retroperitoneal serous cystadenocarcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Ossifying luteinized thecoma of the ovary.

A 51-year-old woman presented with lumbar backache leading to the preoperative diagnosis of a right solid adnexal mass with calcification on computed tomographic scan. Histological examination revealed a right ovarian luteinized thecoma characterized by extensive calcification and metaplastic ossification. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts surrounded the surface of the heterotopic bone. Haversian canals were occasionally identified in the bony trabeculae. Ossifying ovarian neoplasms are extremely rare and this case is the first to demonstrate the osseous metaplasia in ovarian luteinized thecoma.

Back Pain↗
PubMed2003

Therapeutic trials for a rabbit model of EBV-associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome (HPS): effects of vidarabine or CHOP, and development of Herpesvirus papio (HVP)-negative lymphomas surrounded by HVP-infected lymphoproliferative disease.

Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (EBV-AHS), which is often associated with fatal infectious mononucleosis or T-cell lymphoproliferative diseases (LPD), is a distinct disease characterized by high mortality. Treatment of patients with EBV-AHS has proved challenging. To develop some therapeutic interventions for EBV-AHS, we examined the effectiveness of an antiviral agent (vidarabine) or chemotherapy (CHOP), using a rabbit model for EBV-AHS. Fourteen untreated rabbits were inoculated intravenously with cell-free virions of the EBV-like virus Herpesvirus papio (HVP). All of the rabbits died of HVP-associated (LPD) and hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) between 21 and 31 days after inoculation. Furthermore, three HVP-infected rabbits treated with vidarabine died between days 23 and 28 after inoculation, and their clinicopathological features were no different from those of untreated rabbits, indicating that this drug is not effective at all to treat HVP-induced rabbit LPD and HPS. Three of the infected rabbits that were treated with one course, with an incomplete set of three courses, or with three full courses of CHOP treatment died of HVP-induced LPD and HPS with a bleeding tendency and/or with opportunistic infections. They died on the 26th, 62nd and 105th day after virus inoculation, respectively. CHOP treatment transiently suppressed the HVP-induced LPD and contributed to the prolonged survival time of two infected rabbits. However, it did not remove all of the HVP-infected cells from the infected rabbits, and residual HVP-infected lymphocytes caused recurrences of rabbit LPD and HPS. The most interesting finding of this experiment was observed in the infected rabbit with the longest survival time of 105 days: HVP-negative lymphomas surrounded by HVP-induced LPD developed in the larynx and ileum of this rabbit, causing an obstruction of the lumen. We concluded that these were not secondary lymphomas caused by CHOP treatment, because no suspicious lesions were detected in three uninfected rabbits that were treated with three courses of CHOP for 120 days. It is therefore necessary to clarify the mechanism by which HVP-negative lymphomas associated with HVP-induced LPD can develop. Our data from therapeutic trials using EBV-AHS animal models indicate that vidarabine is not effective as an agent to treat HVP-infected rabbits, and even the cytotoxic chemotherapy of CHOP is not sufficient to cure the HVP-infected rabbits or to prolong the survival time of infected rabbits. Further studies will therefore be required to develop better therapies to treat EBV-AHS.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Ethical consideration of experimentation using living human embryos: the Catholic Church's position on human embryonic stem cell research and human cloning.

Although the potential applications of human embryonic stem cells and therapeutic cloning hold promise for the alleged medical benefits, these technologies have posed profound ethical issues because they necessitate the destruction of human embryos. A fundamental point in the issues is the concept of the moral status of human embryos. The Catholic Church has held that human life begins at the moment of conception and therefore, has defended the dignity, inviolable right to life and integrity of human embryos. The Catholic Church has opposed human embryonic stem cell research and any kind of human cloning because they are contrary to the dignity of procreation, of conjugal union and of human embryos. Moreover, these techniques have the risk of creating a sub-category of human beings that are destined basically for the convenience of others. In conclusion, science and technology can never be independent of the criterion of morality, since technology exists for man and must respect his finality.

Catholicism↗