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Biomedical subjects

N Niederle

Publications and source records attributed to N Niederle.

144 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[On the problem of radiotherapeutic measures in addition to chemotherapeutic treatment of the microcellular bronchial carcinoma: analysis of recurrence rates (author's transl)].

83 patients with small-cell bronchial carcinomas were treated with a combination of cytostatic chemotherapy ("ACO II" = adriamycine, cyclophosphamide, vincristine) and irradiation of the mediastinum, the tumor umbra and the affected hilum with a focal dose of 30 Gy administered within a period of three to four weeks. During the same period, those patients presenting the favorable initial stage "limited disease" (LD) were additionally submitted to a prophylactic total brain irradiation with a dose of 30 Gy. 42 among 55 patients of stage LD had a complete remission. Among these 42 patients, fourteen had an intrathoracic recurrence, nine of them within the irradiation field. A cerebral recurrence after prophylactic brain irradiation was found in five of 42 cases. The conclusion is drawn that the irradiation dose which has to be administered into little intrathoracic fields must be increased. A dose of 45 Gy within 4 1/2 weeks is desirable. It seems that a prophylactic brain irradiation is only efficient in patients with a favorable prognosis (LD, CR).

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

[Pseudohyponatremia in multiple myeloma (author's transl)].

In the present study frequency and mechanisms of alterations in serum electrolytes in multiple myeloma were investigated. Asymptomatic hyponatremia (up to 93 mmol/l) was present in 7 of 15 patients. Water of serum was significantly lower, viscosity of serum significantly raised as compared to healthy controls. A highly significant negative correlation between sodium concentration and viscosity was found. By measuring serum sodium concentration with viscosity independent dilution systems it could be proved that in each case the observed hyponatremia was caused by flaws in our routinely used viscosity dependent dilution method. The decrease in water of serum contributed only little to the development of hyponatremia. It is concluded that the decrease in serum sodium concentration in multiple myeloma is nothing else than a feigned hyponatremia which needs no therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Sequential combination chemotherapy with vinblastine/bleomycin and adriamycin/cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) in non-seminomatous testicular cancer. II. Long-term results of a study with 140 patients with retroperitoneal disease (stage II) (author's transl)].

Following orchiectomy and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RND) 140 patients with stage II non-seminomatous testicular cancer were treated by sequential combination chemotherapy consisting of vinblastine/bleomycin and adriamycin/cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (DDP), plus/minus radiotherapy. 68 stage IIA-patients (complete RND and normal tumor-markers thereafter) received 6 courses of chemotherapy, followed by radiotherapy in 35 patients. 40 stage IIB-patients (minor residual disease after RND or elevated tumor-markers after RND) and 32 stage IIC-patients (advanced residual disease after RND) were treated by at least 12 chemotherapy courses and optional intermittent radiotherapy and/or relaparotomy. In stage IIA and IIB disease the actuarial 4-year survival rates were between 80 and 100%. These favourable results were not significantly influenced by additional radiotherapy and corresponded to the survival rates for 34 stage I-patients. For stage IIC-patients the prognosis was significantly worse with a 12% 4-year survival rate.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1980

[Improved antiemetic treatment with levomepromazine (author's transl)].

The antiemetic effect of levomepromazine (Neurocil) was tested in 76 patients treated for metastasizing malignancies with cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) (Platinex). In all patients conventional antiemetics had been ineffective against gastrointestinal side effects of platinum. Using levomepromazine vomiting and nausea could be successfully prevented in 47 out of 63 patients on conventional cis-platinum doses (20 mg/m2 for 5 consecutive days) and in 5 out of 13 patients on high single day dosages (100 mg/m2). In most other patients clear-cut subjective improvement occurred. The antiemetic effect of levomepromazine against cis-platinum, which ranks among the most widely used cytostatics and causes gastrointestinal symptoms, is of importance in medico-oncological practice as it causes relief for the patients.

Cisplatin↗
PubMed1980

[Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and vincristine (ACO) in small cell bronchial cancer. Course of the disease and long-term follow-up].

This report summarizes our experience in 94 patients with inoperable small cell bronchogenic carcinoma treated with protocols "ACO I" and "ACO II" at the West German Tumor Center Essen. Long-term follow-up is documented for a group of 50 patients who were fully ambulatory. Complete responses were obtained in 20 of 26 patients with "limited disease" and in 12 of 24 patients with "extensive disease". The median survival of all 50 patients was 12 months (10 months in "extensive disease", 21 months in "limited disease"). An analysis of relapse patterns indicated that the local intrathoracal recurrence, especially in patients with "limited disease", remains one of the main problems. The report also includes a detailed analysis of long-term survivors. With the "ACO II" protocol which is designed to study the value of maintenance therapy after aggressive induction treatment in patients with complete response, 44 patients have thus far been evaluated for response (CR 50%). The number of patients randomized for maintenance chemotherapy is still too small to draw further conclusions at this point.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Testosterone metabolism in human bone.

The conversion of [1,2,6,7-3H]testosterone to [3H]dihydrotestosterone has been assessed in ground sp¿ongiosa of normal and osteoporotic bone. The tissue was obtained from 23 patients, 18 women, 3 men and 2 children who were undergoing orthopedic surgery. The formation of dihydrotestosterone was demonstrated in all samples examined. The half maximum rate of dihydrotestosterone formation occurred at a substrate concentration of 0.3 microM a value similar to that reported for dihydrotestosterone formation in other androgen target organs. Under the standardized conditions utilized in this study the rate of dihydrotestosterone formation did not differ significantly in normal as compared to osteoporotic bone. Furthermore, the conversion of testosterone to androstenedione was also similar in osteoporotic and normal bone. Based on these studies it seems reasonable to conclude that dihydrotestosterone rather than testosterone is the active intracellular androgen in human bone since in other androgen target tissue androgen action is mediated by dihydrotestosterone if 5 alpha-reductase is present.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Malignant interstitial cell tumor of testis with a marker enzyme (author's transl)].

Metastatic interstitial cell tumor of the testis is one of the rarest human neoplasms. This is the nineteenth case to be reported. While most of these tumors are combined with hormonal dysfunction, the present tumor, apart from its uncommon hormonal profile, is remarkable because of its capacity of producing and secreting a marker enzyme, alkaline phosphatase. No response was seen after cytostatic therapy with new antineoplastic agents, such as a combination of adriamycin and cis-diamminedichloride-platinum (II), and ifosfamide. Considering the lack of radiosensitivity, surgery is the primary modality of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Paul-Bunnell negative glandular fever (author's transl)].

Cytomegalovirus infections may occur either as congenital and neonatal diseases respectively or postnatally in adults in connection with conditions of antibody or immunologic deficiencies. Reports of postnatally acquired cytomegalovirus infections in apparently healthy adults are scarce. A case of an acquired cytomegalo-virus infection in a 23-year old male patient who never was ill before is reported. Clinical and laboratory features showed a typical course of a Paul-Bunnell negative glandular fever. Diagnosis could be established by detection of cytomegalovirus IgM serum levels by means of immunofluorescence technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The oxygen pressure histogram in the left ventricular myocardium of the dog.

Myocardial PO2 in its relation to arterial and coronary venous PO2 was measured in anesthetized open-chest dogs by means of polarographic methods. At normal arterial O2 supply, there exists a broad PO2 spectrum in the myocardium, ranging from about 0 Torr to arterial values (mean 19.3 Torr, median 14 Torr). 60% of the values are below the mean coronary venous PO2 of 18.8 Torr, the maximum is in the class of 0 to 5 Torr. Neither the shape of the histogram nor the mean coronary venous PO2 are significantly changed under moderate arterial hypoxemia (mean arterial PO2 63.7 Torr). Also increases in arterial PO2 to more than 300 Torr cause no distinct change in coronary venous PO2, whereas myocardial PO2 shows heterogeneous reactions. Myocardial as well as coronary venous PO2 seem to be well regulated over a wide range of arterial PO2.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic impact of interferon alpha-induced cytogenetic remission in chronic myelogenous leukaemia: long-term follow-up.

To evaluate the long-term impact of the reduction of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive metaphases by treatment of chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) with interferon (IFN) alpha, we examined the outcome of 62 patients who had been enrolled between 1984 and 1990 into 2 IFN trials at our institution. As best cytogenetic response, 9 patients had achieved a complete remission and an additional 9 patients a partial remission. The remaining 44 patients had obtained either a minimal (n=29) or no cytogenetic response (n=15). Of the total of 62 patients, 9 were still on schedule and responsive to IFN in January 1995, including 7 patients in ongoing complete cytogenetic remission. The overall 5-year survival rate after a median follow-up from diagnosis of 51 months (range 3-102 months) was 62% and the median survival was reached at month 87. The effect of cytogenetic remission on survival was examined by "landmark" studies showing a significant survival advantage for patients with karyotype responses. In conclusion, in the patients studied, cytogenetic improvement was found to translate into improved survival expectancy. Long-term control by IFN alpha of CML, however, was restricted to a small minority of patients, predominantly to those attaining a complete suppression of the leukaemic cell clone as judged by cytogenetic criteria.

Actuarial Analysis↗