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Biomedical subjects

N N Kudriavtseva

Publications and source records attributed to N N Kudriavtseva.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Development of anhedonia under negative experience of social confrontations in male mice].

Possible development of anhedonia in male mice under chronic stress produced by social confrontations was investigated. Cheese, instead of traditional sucrose solution, was used as a positive reinforcement. It has been shown that the controls, the winners with repeated experience of aggression accompanied by victories and the losers with repeated experience of social defeats, irrespective of their social status, preferred to eat cheese, but not pellets, under the free choice conditions--80% of total food. After three days of cheese deprivation, the least food motivation and the least level of cheese consumption were observed in the losers as compared with the controls and winners. Influence of social stress as well as negative psychoemotional state produced by social defeats, on development of anhedonia as a symptom of major depression, is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Changes in the expression of monoaminergic genes under the influence of repeated experience of agonistic interactions: from behavior to gene].

The role of genetic and environmental factors as well as brain neurochemistry in regulating aggressive and submissive behaviors in animals are considered. We present a review of data on changes in brain monoaminergic activity (synthesis, catabolism, receptors) and on the expression of monoaminergetic genes under repeated daily agonistic confrontations in male mice. A repeated experience of aggression was shown to result in the total activation of the dopaminergic system and the inhibition of the serotonergic one. This was accompanied by a decrease in the mRNA level of the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene in the midbrain and an increase of the mRNA level of the dopamine transporter and tyrosine hydroxylase genes in the ventral tegmental area of aggressive male mice. Repeated experience of social defeats produced dynamic changes in the serotonergic system of some brain areas and an increase of the mRNA level of the serotonin transporter and monoamine oxidase A genes in the midbrain raphe nuclei. Theoretical and methodological possibilities of the proposed ethological approach for studying molecular mechanisms of agonistic behavior are discussed in the context of the fundamental problem of investigating the ways of regulation from behavior to gene.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Lorenz was right, or does aggressive energy accumulate?].

Evidence supporting the fact that inherited mechanisms of regulation of aggressive behavior as a result of a repeated experience of aggression ending in victories are transformed into pathological mechanisms based on accumulation of neurochemical shifts in the brain, enhancing aggressiveness, and forming aggressive motivation in aggressive winners. This confirms the concept by Lorenz on the existence of a mechanism (but not instinct) of a spontaneous accumulation of aggressive energy that needs a discharge and formation of permanent attraction to manifestation of aggression.

Aggression↗
PubMed2004

[The animal model of anxious depression: persistence of behavior pathology].

It has been shown that chronic psychoemotional stress caused by repeated experience of defeats in agonistic interactions during 30 days led to development of the anxiety depression--like state accompanied by pronounced anxiety, behavioral deficit, decreased communication, and increased depressiveness as estimated by various behavioral tests in male mice. This psychopathological state still existed after 1-2 weeks living with females in comfortable conditions (without confrontations with other males), that testified to persistence of behavior pathology.

Aggression↗
PubMed2004

[Effect of chronic psychoemotional stress on subpopulation spectrum of T-lymphocytes in immunocompetent organs in male mice].

Subpopulation spectrum of T lymphocytes (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD25+, and CD3(+)25+) in thymus, spleen and inguinal lymphatic nodes have been studied in male mice after 20 days of psychoemotional stress produced by social defeats in daily agonistic confrontations. A reduction of total number of cells, of absolute numbers of all researched subpopulations of lymphocytes and % CD3+ cells in thymus of submissive mice was shown in comparison with intact animals. Reduction of total number of splenocytes and absolute numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes has been observed in a spleen of submissive mice. Besides, % CD3+, CD25+, CD4+ and CD25+ cells were increased in these animals in comparison with intact mice. The absolute number of cells with CD8 phenotype was increased in inguinal lymphatic nodes. The data obtained suggest that the chronic psychoemotional stress is accompanied by serious changes of the cellular link of immunity. The effect of chronic emotional social stress on mutual interaction of the central and peripheral links of immunity has been discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Anxiolytic effect of the dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate: mu-opioid mechanism].

Effects of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS, 30 mg/kg, i/p, 4 and 28 hours after injection) on CBA/Lac male mice with increased level of anxiety resulting from chronic (20-days) social confrontations in two behavioral anxiety-estimated tests, were studied. The anxiolytic effect of DHEAS was discovered within 4 hours after injection in the "partition test" of social interactions and within 28 hours in "plus-maze test". Naltrexone (0.25 mg/kg, for 20 min before DHEAS injection) blocked this effect.

Aggression↗
PubMed2003

[Involvement of kappa-opioid receptors in mechanisms of aggressive and submissive types of behavior in male mice].

Effects of the kappa-opioid receptor agonist U-50.488H (0.0, 0.6, 1.25, 2.5 mg/kg. s.c., 30 min) on behavior of the winner with repeated experience of victories and the losers with repeated experience of social defeat in 20 daily agonistic confrontations as well as the control mice were investigated in the tests estimating exploratory activity (open-field) and communication (partition test). Different effects of drug on behaviors of animals with different social story were shown in both tests. In the losers, all doses of U-50.488H had anxiolytic effect, increasing the communication in the partition test. In the winners, the drug induced an increase of aggressive motivation. The control mice were less sensitive to the treatment. In the open-field test, U-50.488H increased the locomotor and exploratory activity in high anxious losers. Winners significantly differed in their reaction to drug treatment in most behavioral forms in comparison with the controls and losers. It was concluded that kappa-opioid receptors are specifically involved into mechanisms of formation of aggressive or submissive types of behaviors under positive or negative social experience.

3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cycloh↗
PubMed2003

[Effect of the D1-receptor antagonist SCH-23390 on the individual and aggressive behavior in male mice with various aggression experience].

It has been shown that dopaminergic systems are involved in mechanisms of aggressive behavior. Effects of SCH 23390 (dopamine Di receptors antagonist. 0-1 mg/kg, i/p, 30 min) on aggressive and individual behaviors were studied in male C57BL/6J mice with different experience of aggression. SCH 23390 reduced aggressive attacks in animals without preliminary experience of aggression. However total time of hostile behavior (sum of the total time of attacks, aggressive grooming and diggings) didn't changed. No significant effects on behaviors were found in mice with long (20 days) repeated experience of aggression. It was supposed that long aggressive experience produces pharmacological desensitization of Di receptors as a result of enhanced dopaminergic activity shown earlier in aggressive animals.

Aggression↗
PubMed2002

[Use of the "partition" test in the behavioral and pharmacological experiments].

Application of partition test measuring the behavioural activity of animals near the transparent perforated partition (dividing the experimental cage onto two halves) as a reaction to the partner in the neighbouring compartment of common cage, is considered. Behavioural reaction as a response to other individual differs in dependence on psychological and physiological states, social experience, strains of the animals and kinds of partner. Partition test may be productive in experiments studying mechanisms of sociability, anxiety, aggressive and sexual motivations, olfaction, as well as for screening of psychotropic drugs.

Aggression↗
PubMed2001

[Modifying effect of the repeated experience of agonistic confrontations on effect of naltrexone in male mice].

In mice with different experience of agonistic confrontations: victories or social defeats during 3 and 10 days (T3 and T10 winners and T3 and T10 losers, resp.), T10 winners displayed a lesser aggression and a more hostile behaviour than T3 winners. Naltrexone dose-dependently decreased attacks in the T3 winners and did not affect aggressive grooming, diggings, autogrooming, and exploratory activity. Naltrexone was ineffective in T10 winners. The naltrexone effects were similar in T3 and T10 losers and its high and low doses contrarily affected different parameters of submissive behaviour. The repeated experience of agonistic confrontations seems to modify the naltrexone effects depending on a neurochemical background, differing in winners and losers.

Aggression↗
PubMed2001

[Response of the serotoninergic brain system to social stress of various duration in male mice C57BL/6J and CBA/Lac].

The effects of social stress caused by experience of defeats in mice during 3 or 10 consecutive days of intermale confrontations on serotonergic brain activity (5-HT, 5-HIAA levels and 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio) in some brain regions of CBA/Lac (CBA) and C57BL/6J (C57) inbred mice have been studied. It was revealed the significant changes in 5-HT methabolism in the brain regions of defeated mice (losers) of CBA strain after 3 intermale confrontations. However, after 10 days of social stress these changes (excluded amygdala) turned to the control measures testifying to the adaptive mechanisms of serotonergic system in CBA losers. In C57 strain, the three-day social stress produced the mild changes in the brain serotonergic activity both quantitatively as well as qualitatively. Nevertheless, losers subjected to ten-day intermale confrontations had more expressed changes in 5-HT, 5-HIAA levels of 5-HIAA/5-HT ratios in the brain regions studied. It seems that long lasting social stress induced the development of disbalance of the brain serotonergic activity in C57 losers: it was shown the hyperactivity in the hypothalamus and hypoactivity in the amygdala and nucl. accumbens. Apparently, this cause leads to the development of the pronounced anxiety shown earlier in this mouse strain.

Aggression↗
PubMed1999

[Agonistic behavior: model, experiment, perspectives].

Repeated experiences of social victories or defeats in daily agonistic confrontations led to different changes of the brain neurotransmitter activities in male mice with alternative types of social behaviour. Total activation of the brain dopamine metabolism was found in winners. Chronic defeats were accompanied by specific changes in serotonin and noradrenaline metabolism in limbic areas of the brain. Between losers and winners, significant differences were found in emotionality, exploratory activity, locomotion, level of anxiety, communicative behaviour, and alcohol consumption, as well as in immune responses and susceptibility to transplanted Krebs-2 tumour growth, gonadal function, and gastric mucosa damage. A sensory contact technique is proposed for studying the neurophysiological consequences of social conflicts.

Aggression↗
PubMed1999

[Changes in various parameters of the mouse immune status subjected to chronic social conflict].

Recurrent experience of a social confrontation was shown to increase the per cent of cleavage nucleus neutrophiles in both mice-participants, activation of the lymphocyte dehydrogenase, and reduction of number of the CDA+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes. Dynamic character of changes in the metabolism parameters and the number of lymphocytes is obviously dependent on duration of the confrontations in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[The effect of chronic social conflicts on the indices of nonspecific resistance in mice].

Male mice C57BL/6J were divided into victors and losers in daily confrontations. After 10 confrontations, the losers developed a leukopenia, a decrease in the Thymus index, protein concentration and immunoglobulins class G, as well as a decrease in the agglutinins titres to the ram erythrocytes in the blood plasma. The same changes occurred to a minimal extent in the victors. The changes seem to reflect a stress sensitivity degree.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[The effect of the prolonged experience of aggression and subordination on the adrenal cortical and androgenic functions of inbred male mice].

Repeated experience of aggression and submission in daily agonistic confrontations differently changed stress response in winners and losers of CBA/Lac and C57BL/6J strains. Experience of defeats was accompanied by expressed decrease of testosterone level in losers. Number of hemorrhages and erosions was significantly more in losers when compared to winners. Some strain differences in stress reaction were found in winners and losers as compared to controls.

Adrenal Cortex↗