Anovulation to a luteinising hormone surge in an aged goat with follicular cysts.
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Age Factors↗
Biomedical subjects
N Morita
Publications and source records attributed to N Morita.
Ambident effect of a p-sulfinyl group for the introduction of two carbon substituents to phenol rings: a convergent synthesis of diverse benzofuran neolignans.
A convergent synthesis of diversely substituted benzofuran neolignans (8) is described employing a single p-sulfinyl group on the phenols (3) as an ambident functional group for two types of carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions: (i) the direct synthesis of the dihydrobenzofuran skeletons through an aromatic Pummerer-type reaction and (ii) the ipso-substitution of the sulfur functional group by carbon substituents through a ligand exchange reaction.
Benzofurans↗
Usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosing deep anorectal abscesses.
PURPOSE: We evaluated the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging for the preoperative diagnosis of deep anorectal abscesses. METHODS: Subjects were 21 patients with deep anorectal abscesses. Deep anorectal abscesses were classified into two types, ischiorectal and pelvirectal, according to their location. Patients were also classified into a single abscess group, which showed either an ischiorectal or pelvirectal abscess, and a double abscess group, which showed both ischiorectal and pelvirectal abscesses. The final diagnosis was made from surgical findings, and the types of deep anorectal abscesses determined by digital examination and magnetic resonance imaging were compared. RESULTS: Sensitivity of ischiorectal abscesses (20 lesions) with digital examination and magnetic resonance imaging was 75 and 95 percent, respectively, and that of pelvirectal abscesses (10 lesions) with digital examination and magnetic resonance imaging was 60 and 70 percent, respectively. Sensitivity of the magnetic resonance imaging was significantly higher than that of digital examination in ischiorectal abscesses. Diagnostic accuracy of digital examination and magnetic resonance imaging were both 83 percent in the single abscess group (12 patients), whereas in the double abscess group (9 patients) it was 22 and 78 percent, respectively. The rate of accurate diagnosis of magnetic resonance imaging compared with digital examination in the double abscess group was significantly higher than that in the single abscess group. CONCLUSION: Magnetic resonance imaging was useful for diagnosing and differentiating ischiorectal and pelvirectal abscesses.
Abscess↗
In vitro and in vivo immunocytochemistry for the distribution of mineralocorticoid receptor with the use of specific antibody.
To examine the distribution of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and the interactions with glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in the brain, we raised a polyclonal antibody against the transcriptional modulation domain of rat MR using the GST-fusion system. Immunoblotting analysis revealed that this antibody recognized a band with the molecular mass of MR in MR-transfected COS-1 cells and in a homogenate of rat hippocampus, and showed no cross-reactivity with GR. In vitro immunocytochemistry of both primary cultured hippocampal neurons and MR-transfected cells revealed immunoreactivity detected by this antibody in both the cytoplasm and nucleus in the absence of aldosterone (ALD), a specific agonist of MR. After 1 h of treatment with 10(-7) M ALD, the MR-immunoreactivity was accumulated in the nuclear region. In the case of GR-transfected cells, our anti-MR antibody either detected no immunopositive cells in the presence or absence of GR agonist. In our in vivo study, MR-immunoreactivity was observed in the rat hippocampus, where cell nuclei showed immunopositive reactions. These results suggest that our antibody against rat MR shows high specificity for the receptor both in liganded and unliganded forms, with no cross-reactivity to GR, and will be useful for cell biological and neuroanatomical investigations of MR.
Aldosterone↗
Analysis of posterior mitral annular activation during entrainment and catheter ablation of mitral isthmus ventricular tachycardia using a coronary sinus catheter.
A detailed analysis of the ventricular activation along the posterior aspect of the mitral annulus was made using a multipolar catheter positioned in the coronary sinus in a patient with mitral isthmus ventricular tachycardia (VT) associated with a remote inferior myocardial infarction and prior cryosurgical ablation for the elimination of a different preexisting VT. A change in the timing and sequence of the ventricular activation along the isthmus could be observed during induction of the VT and entrainment pacing. A radiofrequency (RF) current application directed at the posterolateral region of the isthmus successfully eliminated this tachycardia. During the RF delivery, complete conduction block was confirmed by a sudden change in the activation sequence during sinus rhythm.
Aged↗
Inhibition of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity by soluble HLA class I in vitro.
In the present study, the effects of soluble HLA (sHLA) class I molecules against EBV-specific CTL were examined. Two different sources of sHLA class I, either bioengineered spliced form of HLA-B7 (sB7) or natural production from EBV-transformed B cells (natural sHLA), were added during the induction of CTL or incubated with MHC-restricted CD8+ CTL, which were selected by immunobeads just before testing for their cytotoxic activity. Both sB7 and natural sHLA class I blocked the generation of CD8+ CTL and also inhibited the cytotoxic activity of established CTL in a dose-dependent manner. In both ways, natural sHLA class I was effective in 10-fold lower concentrations compared with sB7. The inhibitory effect did not require a sharing of the HLA allotypes between sHLA and the CTL. CTL, after being treated with sHLA, underwent apoptosis, which was considered here as the main mechanism.
Apoptosis↗
Basal cell adenocarcinoma of the minor salivary gland: a case report.
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Adenocarcinoma↗
Effect of phospholipids transesterified enzymatically with polyunsaturated fatty acids on gelatinization and retrogradation of starch.
The effects of phospholipids (PLs) transesterified with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) with lipase (Aspergillus niger) on gelatinization and retrogradation of starch during storage were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The resulting transesterified PLs were rich in PUFAs and linoleic acid, while the total percentage of PUFAs incorporated was 20.2%. The addition of PLs or PLs enzymatically transesterified with PUFAs (PUFA-PLs) to the starch sample decreased the gelatinization enthalpy of starch (deltah(g)) slightly, but clearly increased the starch-lipid complexes (deltah(s-1)) by DSC. After 21 days of storage, the percent of retrogradation of starch became lower by the addition of 4%, PLs or 4% PUFA-PLs to the starch sample when compared with the control. These results suggest that PLs retard retrogradation of starch during storage, whereas PUFA-PLs retard it greatly. The addition of PLs or PUFA-PLs increased the amount of deltah(s-1), while re-gelatinization enthalpy decreased during storage, which suggests that PLs or PUFA-PLs could retard the retrogradation of starch.
Amylopectin↗
The alcohol tests for drunken criminals using psychological tests.
In the alcohol test for drunken criminals, we introduced Bender-Gestalt test and Rorschach test for the assessment, and examined their usefulness for the evaluation of intoxication patterns according to Binder's classification. The subjects were 24 drunken criminals who were examined by Mental Hygiene Group, Tsukuba University, for psychiatric evidences. The subjects were divided into the ordinary intoxication group (OI group) and the complicated intoxication group (CI group) on the basis of the behavioral assessment, and the psychological tests were performed before and after drinking. The following results were obtained. 1) Alcohol intoxication induced decrease in R1T, W and VIII + IX + X/R and increase of BGT scores and P%, which indicates that subjects become unable to make comprehensive and delicate responses to the external stimuli. 2) When we classified subjects into increasing and decreasing type on the pattern of changes in the BGT score from before to immediately after drinking in each subject, we found the ratio of increasing type in complicated intoxication is more than in ordinary intoxication significantly. And we found significant group x drinking interaction in F+% and At% of Rorschach test. The F+% significantly decreased only in CI group. The At% in CI group tended upward, but downward in OI group. These findings indicated that complicated intoxication reduced the subject's reality testing, while not in ordinary intoxication. 3) Comparing the effects of personality and intoxication factors in complicated intoxication, intoxication factors were considered to play primary roles. 4) We found association between high BAL and reduction of ego function and imagination, which is represented as significant peak of BALx drinking interaction in the BGT scores, M and FM + m. These observations suggest that the psychological tests as part of the alcohol tests are useful for the evaluation and research of intoxication.
Adult↗
Biosynthesis of fatty acids in the docosahexaenoic acid-producing bacterium Moritella marina strain MP-1.
We have isolated the fatty acid biosynthetic (fab) gene cluster taking part in the synthesis of middle-chain fatty acids and a genomic segment which was homologous with the eicosapentaenoic acid-biosynthetic gene cluster from the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-producing bacterium Moritella marina strain MP-1. This segment was presumed to include the DHA-biosynthetic gene cluster of M. marina strain MP-1. When M. marina strain MP-1 was cultured in medium containing cerulenin, a fatty acid synthesis inhibitor, decreases in levels of middle-chain fatty acids and remarkable increases in levels of DHA were observed. These results suggest that the synthesis of middle-chain fatty acids works independently of the synthesis of DHA.
Bacillus subtilis↗
Reminiscence therapy using odor in alcohol-dependent patients--psychophysiological evaluation and psychological evaluation; power spectral analysis of heart rate variability.
OBJECTIVE: This research was based on the hypothesis that when alcohol-dependent patients describe themselves, awakening of emotion by affirmative odor stimulation may facilitate memory reframing focusing on more affirmative emotion and memories. To prove the hypothesis, physiological changes accompanied by emotional awakening were evaluated by measuring the autonomic activity. In addition, subjective evaluation by a self-report manner was examined to investigate the effectiveness of Reminiscence Therapy (RT) using odor in alcohol-dependent patients. SUBJECTS: Thirty-four patients who met the DSM-IV criteria of alcohol-related disorders and were hospitalized in a ward specialized to alcohol dependence therapy. METHODS: Each patient underwent a one-to-one interview twice. For counterbalance, one interview was performed with odor stimulation using an odor with a relaxing effect that recall pleasant emotion, and the other was without odor stimulation. As the evaluation indices of physiological changes accompanied by emotional awakening, index of autonomic function (HRV; Heart rate variability) for objective evaluation and psychological indices (STAI; State-Trait Anxiety Inventory VAS; Visual Analog Scale) for subjective evaluation were measured. RESULTS: 1) Objective evaluation: Regarding the evaluation index of the autonomic function, the sympathetic nervous system activity (LF/HF; low frequency component/high frequency component ratio) was significantly inhibited by odor stimulation (p < 0.05). 2) Subjective evaluation: Compared to the state prior to interview, state anxiety judged by STAI was significantly decreased after interview (p < 0.01). The VAS score was significantly decreased after interview regardless of the presence or absence of odor stimulation (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: A reduction in state anxiety was observed. The effect of odor was not significant on the subjective evaluation, but the objective evaluation suggested that the odor inhibited the sympathetic nervous system. Thus, it was suggested that odor can be used in RT, that is, emotional changes due to stimulation of odor may be applicable in RT.
Adult↗
Gene cloning and expression of the catalase from the hydrogen peroxide-resistant bacterium Vibrio rumoiensis S-1 and its subcellular localization.
The catalase gene, vktA, of the hydrogen peroxide-resistant bacterium Vibrio rumoiensis S-1 has been isolated and sequenced. Plasmid pBSsa1 was obtained by genome library screening and it complemented a catalase-less mutant, Escherichia coli strain UM2, indicating that pBSsa1 contained the catalase gene (vktA). The vktA gene consisted of an open reading frame of 1530 bp encoding a 508 amino-acid protein with a calculated size of 57657.79 Da. The deduced amino acid sequence showed high homology with that of bacterial group III catalases. Investigation of the subcellular catalase localization using an immuno-electron microscopical technique revealed that a larger amount of VktA catalase is present in the periplasmic space than in the cytoplasm. The periplasmic space of this bacterium can therefore be regarded as a reservoir of VktA catalase in V. rumoiensis S-1.
Journal Article↗
Acute and chronic nicotine exposure differentially facilitate the induction of LTP.
We report here that acute and chronic nicotine exposure facilitated the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP), a leading candidate for a cellular mechanism underlying learning and memory, in the hippocampus. Furthermore, acute application of nicotine in chronic nicotine-treated hippocampus further facilitated the induction of LTP, suggesting that acute and chronic nicotine effects on LTP induction are mediated by different mechanisms. These findings not only provide evidence for chronic nicotine-induced synaptic changes in the hippocampus, but also an explanation of the cellular basis of nicotine-induced cognitive enhancement.
Action Potentials↗
Process of progression of coronary artery lesions from mild or moderate stenosis to moderate or severe stenosis: A study based on four serial coronary arteriograms per year.
BACKGROUND: The process of progression in coronary artery disease is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: The subjects were 36 patients with 36 objective vessels with clinically significant progression of coronary artery disease (>/=15% per year) in whom 4 serial coronary arteriograms (CAGs) were performed at intervals of approximately 4 months in a 1-year period. The degree of progression of percent stenosis between each of 2 serial CAGs was classified as marked (M: >/=15%), slight (S: 5% to 14%), and no progression (N: <5%). From the pattern of progression, the 36 vessels were classified as 14 type 1 vessels with marked progression (N-->N-->M in 13 vessels and S-->S-->M in 1 vessel) and 22 type 2 vessels without marked progression (S-->S-->S in 18 vessels, N-->S-->S in 4). Percent stenosis at the first, second, third, and final CAGs was 44+/-14%, 46+/-13%, 46+/-13%, and 88+/-10% (P<0.05 versus first CAG) in type 1 vessels and 44+/-11%, 50+/-9%, 59+/-9%, and 67+/-9% in type 2 vessels (P<0.05 for second, third, and final CAGs versus first CAG). Type 1 vessels featured the sudden appearance of severe stenosis due to marked progression, angina pectoris, or myocardial infarction (71%) and Ambrose type II eccentric lesions indicating plaque rupture or thrombi (57%). Type 2 vessels featured continuous slight progression of stenosis with smooth vessel walls; angina pectoris (14%) occurred when the percent stenosis reached a severe level. An increase in serum C-reactive protein was observed only in the type 2 vessel group, which suggests a relation between continuous slight progression and inflammatory change. CONCLUSIONS: Two types of stenosis progression provide a new insight into the mechanism of coronary artery disease.
Aged↗
Combined right hepatic and retrohepatic caval resection with reconstruction using a polytetrafluoroethylene graft for primary leiomyosarcoma of the liver: report of case.
We present herein the case of a 53-year-old woman who underwent successful surgical treatment for a leiomyosarcoma of the liver that originated from the posterior hepatic segment and involved the retrohepatic inferior vena cava (IVC). A computed tomographic scan and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a large tumor, with rich vascularity, in the liver. The IVC was found to be occluded on these scans, which was confirmed by venacavography. The patient underwent a combined right hepatic and caval resection with reconstruction using an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene graft. The tumor consisted of spindle-shaped cells with cigar-shaped nuclei. It also had a moderate degree of cellularity and ten mitotic figures per ten high-power fields. Immunohistologically, desmin and alpha-smooth muscle actin were stained positive in the tumor cells, implying that the tumor was derived from smooth muscle cells. The patient is alive and well 15 months after her operation.
Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation↗
A method of tracking donor cells after simulated autologous transplantation: a study using synovial cells of transgenic rats.
A transgenic rat was used as a transplantation donor to simulate autologous transplantation. The sex-matched transplantation between a female transgenic and a wild-type rat can theoretically be regarded as an autologous transplantation due to the genetic agreement of these rats except for the non-protein-producing transgenes. Transgene-containing synovial cells were tracked in the joint using this autologous transplantation model. The transgenes in the donor synovial cells were detected using in situ hybridization (ISH), while mitotic activities were simultaneously examined by immunodetection of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU). A defect was generated in the knee joint capsule of a Fischer 344 (wild-type) rat. The synovium of a transgenic rat was sutured to the defect of the wild-type rat in group 1 and was allowed to free float in the joint in group 2. A large number of BrdU-labeled, transgene-containing synovial cells were detected in both groups at 3 days. The number of these cells then decreased, but they could still be identified even at 4 weeks after autologous transplantation. These results indicated that transplanted synovial cells were viable in the joint for at least 4 weeks. Furthermore, the transgenic rat was shown to be an effective animal model for distinguishing the extrinsic from the intrinsic cells in the cellular intermixed tissues in vivo. The combined method of ISH for detecting transgene-containing cells and the immunohistochemistry of BrdU for detecting proliferating cells was also shown to be effective for tracking the viability of extrinsic cells after autologous transplantation.
Animals↗
Delayed hyperacute xenograft rejection in porcine to canine fetal liver transplantation.
Fetal tissues are generally considered to express weaker antigenic cell-surface molecules than adult tissues. We have reported that transplantation of porcine fetal liver tissue (fragments) is useful for acute and chronic hepatic failure in rats. We further investigated, in the present study, whether transplantation of a porcine fetal liver has the advantage of delayed hyperacute xenograft rejection (HAR) in comparison with that of an adult liver. Porcine fetal liver heterotopically transplanted into dogs was compared. Haematoxylin-eosin (HE) and immunohistochemical studies using IgM, C3, IgG antibodies were performed in serial biopsies of the liver grafts. Lectin binding to target antigen epitopes on pig and dog tissues was studied by flow cytometry. Carbohydrate expression on the liver was also studied by immunohistochemistry. The macroscopic and HE section findings indicate that HAR started 15 min postgraft in fetal and adult liver grafts. Thereafter, vascular changes and parenchymal damage progressed more rapidly in the adult grafts. The final HAR time in adult liver transplantation was determined to be 60 min, while it was determined to be 180 min in fetal liver transplantation. IgM, C3 and IgG were deposited more strongly in the adult grafts than in the fetal grafts up until 60 min after xenografting. Phaseolus vulgaris erythroagglutinin lectin competitively blocked dog sera binding to porcine PBLs. The fetal liver expressed oligosaccharide at a significantly lower level than the adult liver. We conclude that porcine fetal liver xenografts had a significantly delayed HAR.
Acute Disease↗
E-cadherin and alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenin expression in prostate cancers: correlation with tumour invasion.
The E-cadherin-catenin complex plays an important role in establishing and maintaining intercellular connections and morphogenesis and reduced expression of its constituent molecules is associated with invasion and metastasis. In the present study, we examined E-cadherin and alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenin levels in tumour tissues obtained by radical prostatectomy in order to investigate the relationship with histopathological tumour invasion. Immunohistochemical findings for 45 prostate cancer specimens demonstrated aberrant expression of each molecule to be associated with dedifferentiation and, in addition, alteration of staining patterns for the three types of catenin was significantly correlated with capsular but not lymphatic or vascular invasion. The data thus suggest that three types of catenin may be useful predictive markers for biological aggressiveness of prostate cancer.
Aged↗