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Biomedical subjects

N Morisaki

Publications and source records attributed to N Morisaki.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Mutagenicity of ptaquiloside, the carcinogen in bracken, and its related illudane-type sesquiterpenes. I. Mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium.

Ptaquiloside, a potent carcinogen of an illudane-type sesquiterpene glycoside isolated from Pteridium aquilinum, and its related compounds, hypolosides having the same nucleus isolated from the Pteridaceae, exhibited marked mutagenicity in the modified Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 using a preincubation at pH 8.5. Illudins M and S, sesquiterpenes of the same illudane type from basidiomycetes, also exhibited mutagenicity. The structural requirements for mutagenicity are discussed.

In Vitro Techniques↗
PubMed1989

[Hyperlipidemia as a complication of patients with Werner's syndrome].

Serum lipid levels and the roentgenograms of the Achilles' tendon were examined in ten patients with Werner's syndrome. Seven of these ten patients showed serum total cholesterol levels of more than 250 mg/dl and six of the seven patients had thickened Achilles' tendons of more than 9 mm. Significant positive correlation was found between serum levels of total cholesterol and the thickness of the Achilles' tendon in these ten patients, suggesting that substance(s) precipitated in the thickened tendon may have been derived from serum cholesterol. Moreover, some relatives suffered from hypercholesterolemia in three of the six patients with thickened Achilles' tendons, suggesting that at least these three patients may also suffer from familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Because of this surprisingly high frequency of concurrence of Werner's syndrome and FH (three to six out of ten patients), it is possible that an abnormal lipid metabolism similar to FH may be due to some intrinsic abnormality of patients with Werner's syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Growth factors in the serum in patients with Werner's syndrome].

Premature development of atherosclerosis is a fatal complication together with cancer in patients with Werner' syndrome, a known syndrome of premature aging. Proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells (SMC) is a key event in the formation of atherosclerosis. This paper studied the serum growth promoting activity of Werner's syndrome in cultured rabbit aortic SMC. Serum of cases of Werner's syndrome showed significantly higher growth-promoting activities than those of age-matched controls. The levels of serum growth hormone, plasma somatomedin C, and urine epidermal growth factor were not increased in Werner's syndrome. The level of serum insulin was generally increased in Werner's syndrome. However, there was no correlation between serum insulin level and growth promoting activity, and the effective dose of insulin for the promotion of SMC growth was ten thousand times higher than that contained in the serum. The above results suggest that elevated serum growth-promoting activity in Werner's syndrome is in part responsible for the premature atherosclerosis and that this elevated activity is derived from either platelet derived growth factor or an unknown growth factor(s) contained in the serum.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Postoperative changes in amount of granulocyte-elastase, alpha 1-antitrypsin and other acute phase reactants in blood in obstetrical and gynecological patients].

Postoperative changes in acute phase reactants (APR) upon administration of latamoxef (LMOX) were studied in 43 patients who underwent laparotomy (total hysterectomy, cesarean section or resection of ovarian tumor). The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. Postoperative changes in APR, i.e., amount of granulocyte-elastase, alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT), alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, haptoglobin and CRP, in the maternal blood were determined. These 5 markers increased and tended to decrease at 7 days and 14 days after surgery, respectively, in the total hysterectomy group. The vital defense response to surgical invasion and the reaction occurring during the process of recovery show that changes in level of granulocyte-elastase, alpha 1-AT and CRP immediately reflect the resulting inflammatory reaction. The changes in elastase and alpha 1-AT levels upon cesarean section showed a similar tendency, but levels of these markers were high as a whole during pregnancy and postpartum. 2. There were no postoperative complications or subjective or objective side effects of the LMOX treatment in any of the studied patients, suggesting that LMOX is useful for the prevention of postoperative infection.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical effects of cefodizime against infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology].

Clinical studies on cefodizime (CDZM) were performed in patients of obstetrics and gynecology. CDZM was given to patients via drip infusion at a daily dose of 2-4 g, and the results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. A total of 10 cases included 5 cases of intrauterine infections (3 cases of puerperal endometritis, 1 endometritis and 1 puerperal fever), 2 intrapelvic infections (1 pelvic dead space infection and 1 parametritis), and 3 Bartholin's abscess. Clinical efficacies were excellent in 3 cases, good in 6 and poor in 1. The efficacy rate was 90% (9/10). 2. Bacteriological efficacies were as follows: eradicated in 3 cases, replaced in 2, decreased in 1, persisted in 1 and unknown in 3. 3. Neither subjective and objective adverse reactions nor abnormal changes in laboratory test values were observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Secretion of a new growth factor, smooth muscle cell derived growth factor, distinct from platelet derived growth factor by cultured rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells.

In attempts to determine the mechanism of proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells (SMC) in intimal atheromatous lesions, autocrine secretion of growth factors by SMC has recently received much attention. Here we report a new growth factor named smooth muscle cell derived growth factor (SDGF). Cultured rabbit medial SMC secreted SDGF for 1 week during their incubation in serum-free media only after at least 4 passages. SDGF differed from platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) physicochemically, immunologically, and biologically. The properties of SDGF also seemed different from those of other known growth factors that stimulate the proliferation of mesenchymal cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Proliferation and LDL binding of cultured intimal smooth muscle cells from rabbits.

Cultured intimal smooth muscle cells (SMC) were prepared from rabbits in which a cannula had been inserted into the abdominal aorta 4 weeks previously. The patterns of growth proliferative rates, and lipoprotein metabolism of cultures of intimal and medial SMC from intact aortic media were compared. Intimal SMC proliferated more rapidly than medial SMC. Both low density lipoprotein (LDL) and acetylated LDL bound to intimal SMC, whereas only LDL bound to medial SMC. These findings suggest a phenotypic difference between intimal and medial SMC.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Cell cycle-dependent inhibition of DNA synthesis by prostaglandin I2 in cultured rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells.

The role of prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) in the control of DNA synthesis during the cell cycle was investigated in cultured rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells (SMC). SMC at confluency in the G0 state reached the S phase about 16 h after stimulation with serum, as judged by measurement of [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA (DNA synthesis). Cyclooxygenase inhibitors such as indomethacin and aspirin enhanced DNA synthesis, suggesting that endogenously synthesized prostaglandins inhibit DNA synthesis. Added PGE1 or PGE2 had little effect on DNA synthesis. PGI2 inhibited DNA synthesis only when added from 10 to 16 h after stimulation of SMC in the G0 state with serum. Addition of CS-570, a stable PGI2 analogue, inhibited DNA synthesis at any time after serum stimulation. The endogenous syntheses of PGI2 and DNA were negatively correlated. These results suggest that PGI2 inhibits DNA synthesis by acting on the progression stage of the G1 state.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Lack of inhibition of DNA synthesis by prostaglandin I2 in cultured intimal smooth muscle cells from rabbits.

The negative control system for proliferation by prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) was studied in the smooth muscle cells (SMC) cultured from the thickened intima (intimal SMC) of rabbit aortas. Indomethacin was found to enhance DNA synthesis of medial SMC but not that of intimal SMC. Exogenously added PGI2 or its stable analogue, CS-570, was observed to inhibit DNA synthesis of medial SMC enhanced by indomethacin but not that of intimal SMC. These results indicate that medial SMC are negatively controlled by endogenous PGI2 and that intimal SMC have no such negative control system for cell proliferation. This lack of negative control may be one of the mechanisms underlying the rapid growth behavior of intimal SMC as compared to medial SMC.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Age-related changes of long-chain fatty acid metabolism in rat liver.

Palmitate oxidation activity and the activities of several enzymes involved in long-chain fatty acid metabolism were examined in the liver of young adult (2-month-old) and senescent (32-month-old) female rats. Palmitate oxidation activity in rat liver mitochondria showed age-related decrease, as judged by the rates of both 14CO2 production and formation of radioactive acid-soluble products from [1-14C]palmitate. In addition, long-chain acyl-coenzyme A synthetase activity was found to be decreased in liver mitochondria and increased in liver microsomes in senescent rats. These results suggest that, in the rat liver, preferential channeling of long-chain fatty acids through the triacylglycerol synthetic pathway may increase with age, and as a result, energy production by their oxidation may decrease.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

Subsets of tonsillar lymphocytes and activated cells in each subset analysed by three-color flow cytometry.

Among the four subsets of tonsillar T cells, active cells were most abundant in the helper T subset, followed by the cytotoxic T, inducer T, and suppressor T subsets in order of decreasing cell count. The number of active cells was very small in the suppressor T subset. Plasma cells (PCA-1-positive cells) accounted for only about 3% of tonsillar cells. However, nearly half of the tonsillar B cells were activated (positive for Ba, being either Ba+/IgD+ or Ba+/IgD-). Ba-positive cells were hardly found in the population of peripheral-blood B cells. Ba+/IgD+ cells, which are ready to be transformed to cyclic cells or dormant cells depending upon the degree of stimulation, outnumbered cyclic cells. Many Ba+/IgD+ cells were present even in the small tonsils of adults, although these cells were very scarce in the peripheral blood. These findings show that the tonsil is prepared to perform immunologic functions in prompt response to external stimuli.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical studies on imipenem/cilastatin sodium in perinatal use].

The clinical efficacy and the safety of imipenem/cilastatin sodium (IPM/CS) in perinatal infections were studied. The results are summarized below. 1. Clinical efficacy was evaluated in 12 patients with intrauterine infections (endometritis), 3 patients with amniotic fluid infections, 2 patients with puerperal fever and 3 patients with other infections. The drug was administered by intravenous drip infusion at a 0.5g to 1.0g dose as IPM and the total doses during an entire course of treatment were 1.5g to 15g. 2. Clinical efficacies were excellent in 4 (20%) and good in 16 patients (80%) and the efficacy rate was 100%. Ten patients had not improved upon treatments with other previous antibiotics. 3. Infective bacteria were eradicated in 4, decreased in 1, and replaced in 6 patients. 4. No side effects or abnormal clinical laboratory test values were observed in any patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Efficacy of ceftriaxone against infections in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Ceftriaxone (CTRX), a newly developed cephalosporin antibiotic, was administered to patients with various bacterial infections in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, and the following results were obtained. 1. Two grams of CTRX was administered once daily by drip infusion for a total dosage of 6 g to 20 g to each of 3 cases of intrauterine infection, 1 case of adnexitis, 1 case of intrapelvic infection and 2 cases of infection of the external genitalia. 2. Clinical efficacy of CTRX was good in all cases. No laboratory abnormalities were observed nor subjective or objective adverse reactions occurred during the treatment. The administration of CTRX at a dose of 2 g once daily is a clinically convenient treatment regimen, and its results in satisfactory clinical efficacy.

Adolescent↗