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Biomedical subjects

N Mizuno

Publications and source records attributed to N Mizuno.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Direct evidence that the cuticle surface of Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae shares antigenicity with stichocyte alpha-granules and the esophagus-occupying substance.

Antibodies against the cuticle surface of Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae were purified by means of immunoaffinity chromatography and incubated with ultrathin sections of muscle larvae. Major constituents of the parasite reactive with the purified antibodies included the cuticle surface, stichocyte alpha-granules, and the esophagus occupying substance of the muscle larvae. Thus the present data suggest that the cuticle surface is an antigenically different entity from the cuticle inner layers and its origin is likely stichocyte alpha-granules.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Cutaneous carcinoma and 8-methoxypsoralen and ultraviolet A (PUVA) lentigines in Japanese patients with psoriasis treated with topical PUVA: a follow-up study of 214 patients.

A total of 214 Japanese patients with psoriasis, under treatment with topical 8-methoxypsoralen and ultraviolet A (PUVA), were examined for malignant skin tumors and pigmented lesions during a follow-up period of up to 17 years (mean 5.8 years). One patient had developed multiple superficial basal cell carcinomas, and the remaining 213 patients had neither cutaneous carcinomas nor actinic keratoses. PUVA lentigines were seen in 89 patients (42%) and the incidence of lentigines increased as the number of PUVA treatments and the cumulative UVA dose increased. Melanocytic atypia was not observed histologically in 24 pigmented lesions examined. This report suggests that this topical PUVA regimen may not be highly carcinogenic in the Asian population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Localization of motoneurons innervating the stylohyoid muscle in the monkey, cat, rabbit, rat and shrew.

The distribution of motoneurons innervating the stylohyoid muscle was examined in the Japanese monkey (Macaca juscata), cat, rabbit, rat and house musk shrew (Suncus murinus) using the retrograde tracing method of horseradish peroxidase. The enzyme was injected into the stylohyoid muscle after ligating the central cut ends of the main peripheral branches of the facial nerve supplying the superficial facial muscles, or the trunk of the glossopharyngeal nerve supplying the pharyngeal muscles. In the monkey, cat and rabbit, stylohyoid motoneurons were identified in the reticular formation dorsomedial, dorsal or rostrodorsal to the main facial nucleus, and in the dorsomedial or dorsal border region, central part and ventral border region of the main facial nucleus. On the other hand, in the rat and shrew, stylohyoid motoneurons were found in the reticular formation dorsal or dorsomedial to the main facial nucleus and in the dorsal or dorsomedial border region of the main facial nucleus, but not in the central part and ventral border region of the main facial nucleus.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Immunocytochemical evaluation of Trichinella spiralis larval antigen.

The antigenicity of Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae was studied for the purpose of developing an immunodiagnostic test for trichinosis. Ultrathin sections of fixed larvae were treated with sera from patients with a variety of parasitic infections including trichinosis, anisakiasis, gnathostomiasis, fascioliasis, dirofilariasis, severe trichuriasis, moderate trichuriasis, paragonimiasis, cysticercosis cellulosae hominis and diphyllobothriasis, and then treated with protein A-tagged colloidal gold. The cuticle surface and stichocyte alpha 0- and alpha 1-granules reacted predominantly with sera from trichinosis and severe trichuriasis patients, and negligibly with the others. By contrast, the cuticle inner layer, hypodermis, and hemolymph reacted with all sera examined though there was some variability in the intensity of the staining. These results suggest that the cuticle surface and stichocyte alpha-granules possess a high degree of specificity for antibody-produced in T. spiralis infection, whereas the other larval components exhibit nonspecificity.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effects of food intake and meal size on the bioavailability of sulpiride in two dosage forms.

This study examined the influences of food intake on sulpiride (100 mg) bioavailability from a commercial film-coated tablet and of the meal size (small, medium or large) on sulpiride bioavailability from an aqueous solution in three healthy male volunteers. The cumulative urinary excretions of sulpiride for 48 h (Du48) from two dosage forms following oral administration were decreased approximately 30% by food intake. Also, a good correlation was found between the bioavailability of sulpiride from the solution and size of meals with the same dietary components. These results suggest that food intake and meal size before dosing significantly affect the gastrointestinal absorption of sulpiride.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

A spectrum of antibody response with time after Trichinella spiralis infection in rats.

A chronology of class-specific antibody response against the Trichinella spiralis infection in Fischer rats was investigated. G-class antibodies against the cuticle inner layer(s), hypodermis, hemolymph, glycogen aggregates, discrete areas in genital primordial cells, intestinal gland cell granules, and cytoplasmic granules in the cords were detectable 2 wk after infection (the rapid-responding group), whereas G-class antibodies against the cuticle surface, stichocyte granules, and the esophagus-occupying substance were detected 6 wk after infection (the slow-responding group). M-class antibodies recognized a narrower spectrum of antigens than did G-class antibodies; M-class antibodies against hemolymph, cord granules, and intestinal gland cell granules were not detectable. M-class antibodies tended to decrease in titer with time after infection. This tendency was more striking with antibodies against the rapid-responding group than with those against the slow-responding group. This information sheds light upon antibody response against many antigenic components of T. spiralis muscle larvae.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

The intestinal gland of Trichinella spiralis with emphasis on morphology and antigenicity.

The intestinal gland of muscle larvae and adult worms of Trichinella spiralis was investigated with emphasis on its morphology and antigenicity. The gland is situated at the junction between the stichosome and the ampullar portion of the midgut. The cytoplasm was characterized by the presence of cytoplasmic granules. The granules, measuring 1 micron at maximum, were round or sometimes irregular in shape, and of homogeneous appearance with medium to high electron density. Rough endoplasmic reticulum was not prominent. Glycogen granules were absent. The gland was surrounded externally by the basal lamina and hemolymph. The cell membrane was extensively invaginated, and coated pits and vesicles were often observed. The cytoplasm was rather eosinophilic, PAS-negative, and stained red or yellow by AZAN. The cytoplasmic granules were antigenic against trichinosis sera from humans and rats, and cross-reacted with sera from paragonimiasis, trichuriasis and gnathostomiasis patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of the pharmacokinetics of five beta-lactam antibiotics between neonatal and adult rats.

The pharmacokinetics of beta-lactam antibiotics in adult and neonatal rats were compared after their intravenous or oral administration. The distribution volumes of cefazolin, cefamandole and cefmetazole were larger for the neonatal than the adult rats, whereas the distribution volumes of cephradine and cephalexin were smaller for the neonates. Neonatal rats showed lower clearances than adults for all antibiotics tested. The maximum plasma concentrations (Cmax) after oral administration of cefazolin, cefamandole and cefmetazole were significantly higher (3-15 times) for neonatal than for adult rats. However, in the case of cephradine and cephalexin, the increase of Cmax for neonatal rats was small. The absolute bioavailabilities for cefazolin, cefamandole and cefmetazole were significantly larger in the neonates. Thus, cefazolin, cefamandole and cefmetazole, which were poorly absorbed by adults, were found to be easily absorbed by the intestines of neonatal rats.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Cholinergic differentiation of clonal rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC12) induced by retinoic acid: increase of choline acetyltransferase activity and decrease of tyrosine hydroxylase activity.

The effects of retinoic acid (RA), a naturally occurring metabolite of vitamin A, on the growth, morphology and neurochemical differentiation of the PC12 clone of rat pheochromocytoma cells were investigated. RA added to the medium inhibited the growth of PC12 cells in a dose-dependent manner up to 10 microM without affecting their morphology. In PC12 cells cultured in the presence of 10 microM RA for 8 days, the specific activity of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) was increased 2-fold, while the specific activity of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) was decreased 0.5-fold compared with cells cultured in the absence of RA. Specific activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were not affected by RA. Both the increase of ChAT and the decrease of TH induced by RA exhibited similar time and dose dependencies. RA inhibited the increase of TH activity induced by nerve growth factor (NGF), an adrenergic neuronotrophic factor on PC12 cells. From these observations it was concluded that RA induces a cholinergic neurochemical differentiation of PC12 cells independent of a morphological differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Possible involvements of intracellular Ca2+ and Ca2+ -dependent protein phosphorylation in cholinergic differentiation of clonal rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC12) induced by glioma-conditioned medium and retinoic acid.

It is known that nerve growth factor (NGF) induces neurite outgrowth and elevation of the activity of adrenergic marker enzyme, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in clonal rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC12), whereas glioma-conditioned medium (GCM) induces neurite outgrowth and elevation of the activity of cholinergic marker enzyme, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in PC12 cells. In the previous study we have shown that retinoic acid (RA) induces specific elevation of ChAT activity and depression of TH activity without morphological differentiation (Matsuoka, I. et al., Brain Res., 502 (1989]. In the present study, we compared the effects of NGF, GCM and RA on the intracellular signalings in PC12 cells in relation to the mechanism of cholinergic differentiation. Addition of NGF, GCM or RA to the culture medium of PC12 cells caused a rapid rise in intracellular Ca2+ concentration [( Ca2+]i) reaching the level of almost 2.5-fold the resting condition within 3-18 h. Thereafter, [Ca2+]i of NGF-treated cells were decreased to the resting level within 12 h. On the other hand, [Ca2+]i of GCM-and RA-treated cells decreased to a level which was 1.8- to 2-fold the resting condition within 24-48 h and stayed at this level for up to 4-7 days. When homogenates of GCM- and RA-treated PC12 cells were incubated with [gamma-32P]ATP, phosphorylation of a protein with molecular mass of 27 kDa (27 K-protein) was specifically enhanced. The phosphorylation of the 27 K-protein was not seen in the homogenate of the NGF-treated cells. The phosphorylation of the 27 K-protein was dependent on Ca2+ and inhibited by inhibitors of Ca2+-dependent protein kinase, H-7 and W-7. Addition of H-7 and W-7 to the culture medium of PC12 cells abolished the elevation of ChAT activity specifically induced by GCM and RA. These observations suggested that the sustained increase of [Ca2+]i and Ca2+-dependent protein phosphorylation are involved in the intracellular signaling mechanism required for the cholinergic differentiation of PC12 cells induced by GCM and RA.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Possible origins of substance P-like immunoreactive axons within Onuf's nucleus of the cat.

The double immunofluorescence method revealed that 30-50% of substance P-like immunoreactive (SP-LI) axons within Onuf's nucleus of cats exhibited enkephalin (ENK)-LI, and that about 5% of SP-LI axons within the nucleus showed serotonin (5-HT)-LI. After hemicordotomy, axons with both SP- and 5-HT-LI, as well as those with only 5-HT-LI, were profoundly depleted in Onuf's nucleus ipsilateral to the lesion, but no changes were detectable in axons with SP-LI and/or ENK-LI in the nucleus.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Changes of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity in cerebrovascular nerve fibers in the dog after experimentally produced subarachnoid hemorrhage.

After producing a model of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) by a single injection of fresh autologous arterial blood into the cisterna magna in the dog, we immunohistochemically examined changes of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity (CGRP-LI) in perivascular nerve fibers in the large pial arteries by using whole mount preparations. CGRP-LI in cerebrovascular nerve fibers was suppressed after SAH. The suppression was first detected on the 3rd day after SAH, and was most marked during the 7th to 14th day after SAH. CGRP-LI, however, recovered to a normal level by the 42nd day after SAH.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Convergence of serotonin-, enkephalin- and substance P-like immunoreactive afferent fibers onto cat medullary dorsal horn projection neurons: a triple immunocytochemical staining technique combined with the retrograde HRP-tracing method.

Convergence of serotonin (5-HT)-, enkephalin (ENK)-, and substance P (SP)-like immunoreactive (LI) afferent fibers onto cat medullary dorsal horn projection neurons was examined by retrogradely labeling trigeminothalamic neurons and immunocytochemically labeling 5-HT, ENK and SP fibers in the same tissue section using distinct chromogens. Convergence of 5-HT-, ENK- and SP-LI fibers upon single projection neurons was often observed in laminae I and V.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Co-existence of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)- and cholecystokinin (CCK)-like immunoreactivities in thalamocortical neuron in the ventrolateral nucleus of the rat.

Cholecystokinin (CCK)- and/or vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-like immunoreactivity (LI) was seen in many thalamocortical VL neurons which were retrogradely labeled with wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) injected into the frontal cortex of the rat. VIP- or CCK-LI was observed in 70-80% or 50-60% of thalamocortical VL neurons, respectively. Almost all of thalamocortical VL neurons with CCK-LI exhibited VIP-LI.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Striatal neurons with aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase-like immunoreactivity in the rat.

We found in the adult rat that a small number of striatal neurons showed aromatic L-amino acid-like immunoreactivity. These neurons had a cell body with 10-20 microns diameter and several spiny dendrites, and were distributed throughout the striatum (the caudate nucleus and putamen) without any particular topography. The number of these neurons was increased on the side ipsilateral to an electrothermic or 6-hydroxydopamine-induced lesion which had been placed in the midbrain regions around the substantia nigra pars compacta.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Novel lysosomal glycoaminoacid storage disease with angiokeratoma corporis diffusum.

A 46-year-old Japanese woman had disseminated angiokeratoma, confirmed by electron microscopy which showed numerous cytoplasmic vacuoles in cells of the kidney and skin. Enzyme activities against synthetic and natural substrates in leucocytes and fibroblasts were normal. Her urine contained a large amount of sialylglycoaminoacids, with predominant excretion of an O-glycoside-linked glycoaminoacid.

Amino Acids↗