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Biomedical subjects

N Miyazawa

Publications and source records attributed to N Miyazawa.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Recurrence of thymoma with appearance of myasthenia gravis 18 years after surgery: a case report.

A 59-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of recurrence of thymoma with appearance of myasthenia gravis 18 years after excision of an invasive thymoma. Recurrence was observed in the anterior mediastinum, right pleura, pericardium and left supraclavicular lymph node. Hashimoto's thyroiditis, vitiligo vulgaris and leukopenia were also seen. After creation of a pericardial window for pericardial effusion, she received vincristine, then carbazilquinone intravenously as single chemotherapeutic agents based on the chemosensitivity by clonogenic assay of the supraclavicular tumor, but response was not achieved. At one and a half years after radiotherapy to the mediastinum, she is now doing well without symptoms and is receiving a fairly low dose of anticholinesterase medication.

Female↗
PubMed1984

Chemotherapy by bronchial arterial infusion for pulmonary metastases of renal cell carcinoma.

Bilateral multiple pulmonary metastases of renal cell carcinoma were treated by repeated bronchial arterial infusion of chemotherapeutic drugs, such as mitomycin C, carboquone, doxorubicin and nitrosourea. Of 12 patients treated 2 had a complete response, 3 had a partial response, 2 had no change and 5 had progression of the disease. The over-all response rate was 42 per cent. Since metastatic renal cell carcinoma is unresponsive to ordinary treatment bronchial arterial infusion alone or in combination with an operation appears promising.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Clonogenic cell assay for carcinoma of the lung.

Studies were performed with a clonogenic cell assay system to determine the in vitro sensitivity of carcinoma of the lung to standard chemotherapeutic drugs. Formation of colonies in vitro occurred in 22 of 29 specimens (76%), including 4 of 7 squamous cell carcinomas, 11 of 16 adenocarcinomas, all of 3 large cell carcinomas, and none of 3 small cell carcinomas. Eighteen of these 22 assays (82%) showed growth which was adequate for chemosensitivity testing. Antitumor drugs tested in this study were cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin, mitomycin C, vindesine, vincristine, vinblastine, bleomycin, peplomycin and l-phenylalanine mustard, which are used clinically for chemotherapy of lung cancer. Of ten drugs tested against at least two different tumors, vindesine and mitomycin C were identified as being active against more than three tumors (17%). Twelve of 18 specimens (67%) were not sensitive in vitro to any of the drugs tested. Of the remaining 6 specimens (33%) showing sensitivity to any drug, four tumors were sensitive to only one drug, one tumor was sensitive to three drugs and another was sensitive to four drugs. The in vitro chemosensitivity results seemed well correlated with clinical experience. The human tumor clonogenic cell assay system appears to be a reasonable model for the study of chemosensitivity in carcinoma of the lung.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Cellular localization of gangliosides in the developing mouse cerebellum: analysis using the weaver mutant.

The distribution of gangliosides was studied in the weaver (wv/wv) mutant mouse, where the vast majority of postmitotic granule cell neurons die prior to their differentiation. The wv mutation also shows a dosage effect, as granule cell migration is slowed or retarded in the +/wv heterozygotes. By correlating changes in ganglioside composition with the well-documented histological events that occur during cerebellar development in the normal (+/+), heterozygous (+/wv), and weaver (wv/wv) mutant mice, information was obtained on the cellular localization and function of gangliosides. Ganglioside GM1 may be enriched in granule cell growth cones and play an important role in neurite outgrowth. A striking accumulation of GM1, which may result from altered metabolism, occurred in the adult wv/wv mice. GD3 was heavily concentrated in undifferentiated granule cells, but was rapidly displaced by the more complex gangliosides during differentiation. GD1a became enriched in granule cells during formation of synaptic and dendritic membranes, whereas GT1a appeared enriched in Purkinje cell synaptic spines. A possible fucose-containing ganglioside was quantitated only in the wv/wv mice. Ganglioside GT1b became enriched in granule cells during synaptogenesis, whereas GQ1b became enriched in these cells after synaptogenesis. The concentrations of GT1b and especially GQ1b increased continuously with age. Our results provide further evidence for a differential cellular enrichment of gangliosides in the mouse cerebellum and also suggest that certain gangliosides may be differentially distributed within the membranes of these cells at various stages of development.

Aging↗
PubMed1983

[Surgical treatment of metastatic tumor in the lung].

This paper is to reconsider and reorganize surgical indication of metastatic tumor in the lung in accordance with the recent progress of medicine, which was based on the patients experienced at National Cancer Center Hospital. Among several criteria proposed by Thomford in 1965, three items: 1) the patient is a good risk for surgery, 2) the primary malignancy is controlled, 3) the lung is the only one site for metastatic lesion, remain to be true even today. In addition, another three conditions must be recognized in selecting patients: 1) Biological behavior of the tumor varies in different histology and different site of the primary lesion. 2) When the tumor is susceptible to chemotherapy, surgical indication can be widen. 3) The tumors located in bilateral lung, which used to be surgically contraindicated, can be successfully removed with simultaneous thoracotomy via sternotomy.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Retinal gangliosides in RCS mutant rats.

The distribution of retinal gangliosides was studied in normal and mutant rats with retinal dystrophy at 30 and 180 days of age. The loss of photoreceptor cells in the retinal dystrophic RCS rats was not associated with a significant reduction in the relative distribution of any of the major retinal gangliosides. The loss of photoreceptors, however, caused a marked increase in total retinal ganglioside concentration. These findings suggest that photoreceptor cells contain a low concentration of gangliosides and that no major retinal ganglioside is localized or concentrated in these cells. The cellular localization and function of the most abundant retinal ganglioside, GD3, is discussed.

Aging↗