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Biomedical subjects

N Miyazaki

Publications and source records attributed to N Miyazaki.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Serological study of Bartonella henselae in cat scratch disease in Japan.

It has become clear that Bartonella henselae is a common cause of cat scratch disease (CSD). The indirect fluorescence antibody (IFA) test for detection of IgG and IgM antibodies to B. henselae concerning CSD showed that 5 (50%) of 10 patients with CSD had a serum IgG antibody titer of 1:128 or more and that 2 (20%) patients had a serum IgM antibody titer of 1:20 or more. One of 7 asymptomatic members of patients' families (14%) had IgG antibody to B. henselae at a titer of 1:256. IgM antibody to B. henselae was not detected in sera from the patients' families. Both IgG and IgM antibodies to B. henselae were not detected in sera from the healthy control group. These data suggest that B. henselae may be a cause of CSD in Japan.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical significance of additional ST segment elevation immediately after successful reperfusion in patients with anterior wall acute myocardial infarction].

The clinical significance of additional ST segment elevation immediately after reperfusion in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is still unclear. The influence of additional ST elevation on myocardial damage was examined in 62 patients with first anterior AMI. All patients had coronary reflow (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction: TIMI grade III) within 6 hours after the onset of infarction and no subsequent reocclusion for at least 14 days. The patients were classified into two groups: group ST (+), 26 patients with additional ST elevation (> or = 5 mm increase in sigma ST in lead V1-V6) immediately after reperfusion, and group ST(-), 36 patients without additional ST elevation. Myocardial damage was estimated by the number of abnormal Q wave before and 1 hour after reperfusion (nQpre and nQpost. There were no significant differences in the elapsed time, ECG indexes before reperfusion and regional wall motion (RWM: SD/chord; SD = standard deviation) in the acute phase and 14 days after the onset between the two groups. Moreover, within each group the patients were classified into two groups on the basis of RWM 14 days after the onset: group A = RWM < -2.5 in group ST (+) (n = 17); group B = RWM > or = -2.5 in group ST(+) (n = 9); group C = RWM < -2.5 in group ST (-) (n = 14); group D = RWM > or = -2.5 in group ST(-) (n = 22). There were no significant differences in the elapsed time between the four groups. nQpre was highest in group C and was lowest in group D (group A: 2.1, group B: 1.9, group C: 4.1, group D: 1.4), and nQpost was highest in group C and group A, and was lowest in group D (group A: 4.1, group B: 2.7, group C: 4.4, group D: 2.0). There was a significant increase in nQ after reperfusion (nQpost-nQpre) in group A and group B, which was greater in group A than in group B. The increase in sigma ST after reperfusion was greater in group A than in group B. There was no significant increase in nQ after reperfusion in group C and in group D, and both nQpre and nQpost were highest in group C, and lowest in group D. Infarct size was larger in group A and in group C than group B and group D, and there was no significant improvement in RWM in group A and in group C. In conclusion, additional ST elevation immediately after reperfusion seems to occur in patients with not so severe myocardial damage before reperfusion, and may reflect reperfusion injury. Additional ST elevation is not observed in patients with preceding extensive myocardial damage which may be irreversible or not still advanced at the time of reperfusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Successful surgical repair of acute DeBakey type I aortic dissection complicated by acute occlusion of the suprarenal abdominal aorta].

We reported a case of acute DeBakey type I aortic dissection presented with occlusion of the suprarenal abdominal aorta, who was successfully treated by simultaneous graft replacement of the ascending aorta and total aortic arch. The patient was a 68-year-old man who complained of chest pain and symptoms of acute arterial occlusion of bilateral lower extremities, and who had consciousness disturbance due to stroke caused by aortic dissection. He underwent simultaneous graft replacement of the ascending aorta and total aortic arch under selective cerebral perfusion during an emergent operation. For reconstruction of the arch vessels, we used three separate grafts that were connected to the aortic prosthesis before use. Although postoperative course was complicated by myonephropathic metabolic syndrome, the patient subsequently recovered and was discharged on foot. Early vascular reconstruction and appropriate management of reperfusion injury are extremely important in the setting of malperfusion phenomena complicating acute aortic dissection.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Molecular variant of angiotensinogen gene is associated with coronary atherosclerosis.

BACKGROUND: A positive association was previously reported between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism and several cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction, left ventricular hypertrophy, and restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Plasma ACE activity and carotid-wall thickening measured by ultrasonography were related, and it was postulated that long-term exposure to high levels of plasma ACE could be involved in structural changes of the arterial wall. In addition, angiotensinogen gene mutation was recently reported to be associated with essential hypertension and preeclampsia. There exists a possibility that the renin-angiotensin system plays an important role in the progress of cardiovascular diseases in humans. Therefore, we examined the association between the molecular variant of the angiotensin gene and coronary atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study included 82 patients who had coronary atherosclerosis and 160 control subjects; all study participants were Japanese. All patients with coronary atherosclerosis had at least one coronary artery with > 25% luminal diameter obstruction on average according to multiple coronary angiographic views. Angiotensinogen gene molecular variants were designated AA, Aa, and aa. The a allele indicated thymine-cytosine transition at nucleotide 704 in exon 2. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. Polymerase chain reaction was performed to amplify the concerned region of the angiotensinogen gene. After restriction enzyme digestion, it was possible to distinguish the molecular variant of the angiotensinogen gene. The frequencies of these genotypes were 7.3%, 26.8%, and 65.9% in the patients and 18.8%, 31.9%, and 49.3% in the control subjects for the AA, Aa, and aa alleles, respectively. There was an excess in the a allele among patients (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: We found a significant association between coronary atherosclerosis and a molecular variant of the angiotensin gene. The results suggested that the molecular variant of the angiotensinogen gene could be a new risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis.

Angiotensinogen↗
PubMed1995

[Pharmacological study of 5'-DFUR oral administration and the clinical responses against gastrointestinal carcinoma].

In 4 out of 5 patients given 400 mg orally 5'-DFUR before surgery, intratumor 5-FU concentration showed over 150 ng/g. The concentration of either 5-FU or 5'-DFUR in the portal and peripheral blood of these patients exceeded the limits of assay. 5-FU concentration in peripheral blood was less than 0.05 micrograms/ml. White blood cell and platelet counts in the patients given 1,600 mg/day (no administration for 2 days/week) of 5'-DFUR for one month were essentially the same with those at the time of start of the treatment. Two of three patients showed minor response following the treatment with 5'-DFUR. Thus, administration of 1,600 mg/day of 5'-DFUR may be considered as an effective treatment of fluopyrimidine against advanced cancer. For the prediction of gastrointestinal side effect, assay of the 5-FU concentration in the portal blood seemed to be useful.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical significance of inverted T-waves during the acute phase of myocardial infarction in patients with myocardial reperfusion].

The relationship between the time course of inverted T-waves during the acute phase and infarct size and left ventricular (LV) function was studied in 46 patients (mean age: 57.3 +/- 9.7 years) with reperfused first anterior wall acute myocardial infarction (MI). All patients had coronary reflow within 6 hrs after the onset of MI and were without subsequent reocclusion for at least 14 days. The T-wave inverted progressively and rapidly with maximum depth between 26 and 60 hrs (mean time: 37.1 +/- 12.4 hrs). A significant correlation was found between the maximum T-wave depth (T-peak) in all patients and peak CPK, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), regional wall motion, % abnormally contracting segment (%ACS), end-diastolic and end-systolic volume indices (EDVI,ESVI) at day 14 after the onset of MI (p < 0.05). T-wave inversion within 24 hrs after onset of MI was observed in 43 patients (93%). There were significant correlations between the depth of T-wave inversion occurring in patients 24 hrs after onset of MI (T24) and peak CPK, LVEF, regional wall motion, % ACS, EDVI, and ESVI at day 14 (p < 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity for patients with EDVI > 87.0 ml/m2 at day 14 increased by more than 20% over normal values, predicted by a T24 of 3.0 mm or less, were 94% and 93%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for patients with EF < 40% at day 14 predicted by a T24 of 3.0 mm or less, were 90% and 75%, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Contaminant monitoring studies using marine mammals and the need for establishment of an International Environmental Specimen Bank.

Many hazardous chemicals have polluted the environment of the earth. Among them, organochlorine compounds and heavy metals have dispersed worldwide. I reviewed the results of cooperative research based on specimens shared with colleagues at Ehime University, Japan: (1) bioaccumulation of organochlorine compounds (DDT, PCB, HHC, etc.) and heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Pb, etc.) from sea water to marine mammals through the food chain, (2) placental transfer of contaminants, (3) transfer of contaminants through lactation, (4) biological impacts of contaminants to marine mammals, and (5) the global movement of contaminants. This work was based on about 1200 specimens of marine mammals obtained from scientific research over 17 years during 1976-1992. Soft tissues were banked at -20 degrees C at Ehime University while related materials and information were deposited in the National Science Museum, Tokyo. These and other materials should be preserved in good condition in an international specimen bank for future global environmental monitoring studies, the examination of hazardous chemicals which are currently unknown, the reexamination of the same samples in future using more advanced equipment by different scientists, and the reaction to unknown environmental questions, etc. The need for the establishment of an International Environmental Specimen Bank for marine mammals and other marine organisms are recommended.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Self-reported prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the 1st (Issei) and 2nd (Nisei) generation of Japanese-Brazilians over 40 years of age.

The immigration of Japanese people to Brazil began in 1908 with two major waves, from 1925 to 1940 and from 1952 to the 1960s. Brazil has the largest population (about 1,288,000) of Japanese origin outside Japan with varying age groups. A mortality study revealed that diabetes as an underlying cause of death was higher in the first-generation Japanese than in Japan (3.4 vs. 1.9 per 100,000 for men, and 7.2 vs. 1.9 for women). The self-reported prevalences of known diabetes in subjects aged 40 years or older were obtained by questionnaires from three sources. In six Japanese cultural associations in Säo Paulo city, the prevalences were 9.7% and 6.9% for the first generation (mean age 61.5 years) and for the second generation (mean age 40.0 years), respectively. Age-adjusted prevalences, according to the Brazilian population in the 1980 national census, were 6.9% and 8.1% for the first and second generations. According to a study carried out as a part of a socioeconomic census of the Japanese population in Brazil, the prevalences of diabetes were 7.4% and 5.2%, and the age-adjusted prevalences were 5.3% and 5.8% in the first and second generations, respectively. Another study carried out for employees of a bank, owned by Japanese-Brazilian community members, revealed crude prevalences of diabetes in the first and second generations of 7.1% and 4.2%, and age-adjusted prevalences of 7.3% and 8.2%, respectively. These data indicate an increased prevalence of diabetes in this population compared to Japan, suggesting the importance of environmental factors in the pathogenesis of diabetes.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Critical PQ interval for the appearance of diastolic mitral regurgitation and optimal PQ interval in patients implanted with DDD pacemakers.

Diastolic mitral regurgitation (MR) may be induced by prolonging atrioventricular (AV) delay, and a significant negative correlation has been described between the critical PQ interval for the appearance of diastolic MR and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) in patients with DDD pacemakers. We report the relationship between the critical PQ interval for the appearance of diastolic MR and the optimal PQ interval in 11 patients (69.1 +/- 12.6 years). Cardiac output (CO) and PCWP were measured by Swan-Ganz catheter and transmitral blood flow was recorded by pulsed-Doppler echocardiography. AV delay was prolonged stepwise by 0.025 seconds starting from 0.065 seconds. The pacing rate was fixed at 70 beats/min. CO was highest when the PQ interval was 0.18 +/- 0.04 seconds. There was a significant positive correlation between the critical PQ interval for the appearance of diastolic MR and the PQ interval at which CO was the highest (r = 0.91, P < 0.01). The PQ interval at which CO was the highest was 0.02 +/- 0.02 seconds shorter than the critical PQ interval for the appearance of diastolic MR (P < 0.05). When the PQ interval was increased by 0.025 seconds from the critical PQ interval for the appearance of diastolic MR, CO decreased from 4.3 +/- 0.6 L/min to 4.1 +/- 0.6 L/min and PCWP increased from 7.5 +/- 6.4 mmHg to 8.5 +/- 7.3 mmHg (P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Staining senile plaques using Bodian's method modified with methenamine.

A new method is presented for staining various types of senile plaques isolated from the brains of patients with Alzheimer type dementia and related diseases in paraffin embedded sections using a modified Bodian's method with methenamine. This methenamine-Bodian method made it possible to observe diffuse plaques and other amyloid deposits which are barely detected by Bodian's original method. The staining of senile plaques by the method presented here was comparable to that of immunostaining with anti-beta-protein. The new method also stained neurofibrillary tangles. Therefore, the methenamine-Bodian method could be widely used for the detection of senile changes in paraffin embedded sections from autopsied human brains.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Cytological needle aspiration of the nerve for the diagnosis of pure neural leprosy.

Pure neural (also called primary neuritic) leprosy manifests itself by involvement of only the nerve in the absence of skin lesions. Therefore, it sometimes can pose a diagnostic problem. Cytological needle aspiration of an affected nerve can be a valuable tool under such circumstances. The method as developed at Anandaban Leprosy Hospital, Nepal, is described and two cases are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Semiautomated 14C-thymidine incorporation assay for in vitro screening of anticancer drug.

We developed a rapid screening test for anticancer drugs by using 14C-thymidine (14C-TdR), a microculture filtration plate and a radiochromatoscanner. Mitomycin C (MMC), tamoxifen and 5-fluorouracil (5FU) were used as the anticancer drugs against four human gastric cancer cell lines. The rates of cell inactivation (14C-TdR uptake) determined with the radiochromatoscanner were almost the same as those determined with the liquid scintillation counter. Comparing the rate of cell inactivation obtained by our method with that obtained by proliferative activity of cells derived from the cell count, both assays showed the approximately same results by tamoxifen and MMC but the rates of cell inactivation by 5FU in two cell lines obtained by the 14C-TdR uptake assay was considerably lower than those obtained by the cell count. These results show that the radio-labeled DNA precursor uptake assay is not suitable for metabolic inhibitors of DNA synthesis. Ninety six samples on a plate, however, were assayed semiautomatically and rapidly just as well as in the tetrazolium-based calorimetric (MTT) assay. Therefore, our 14C-TdR uptake assay system is useful for the cancer chemotherapeutic agents except the metabolic inhibitors of DNA precursors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[Lower lung field tuberculosis].

Lower lung field tuberculosis has been considered as rare disease, but it was observed about ten percent in the literature. It seemed that the important problems in lower lung field tuberculosis are delay and difficulty of diagnosis. The materials for this report was accumulated over a period of 10 years, from January 1983 to December 1992 at the National Sanatorium Fukuoka-Higashi Hospital. The criteria for lower lung field tuberculosis are: (1) disease confined to lower lobe except for S6a, middle lobe and lingular segment, (2) bacteriologically and/or histologically proved diagnosis of tuberculosis, (3) clinically considered as tuberculosis for which improved by only anti-tuberculous drugs. During this period, 672 new patients suffering from active pulmonary tuberculosis were admitted to the sanatorium. Of the total of 672 patients, 57 patients were selected as the criteria for lower lung field tuberculosis. The incidence of them was 8.5 percent of the total new admissions. Of these 57 patients, 30 were females and 27 males. The mean age of these 57 patients was 59.4 years ranging between 19 and 86 years. The incidence of them obtained through ten years did not show any tendency to increase or decrease. The respiratory and general symtoms most commonly observed were cough and chest pain. The average duration of used for diagnosis of the lower lung field tuberculosis over 65 years old was 71.7 days and it seemed to show the delay and difficulty of diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Cell killing induced by decay of 125I during the cell cycle: comparison of 125I-antipyrine with 125I-bovine serum albumin.

The lethal effects induced by the decay of 125I in synchronized L5178Y cells were studied by suicide experiments. We used 125I-antipyrine, which is freely diffusible in cells, and 125I-bovine serum albumin (BSA), which remains outside the cells. Synchronized cells mixed with either 125I-antipyrine or 125I-BSA were frozen and stored at -196 degrees C for various periods to accumulate 125I decays. A clonogenic assay was used to measure the killing of these stored cells. Cells in G1-S and G2-M phases were more sensitive than those in late S phase for both 125I treatments. The ratio of survival in late S to that in G1-S (late S/G1-S) obtained by the decay of 125I-antipyrine, however, was much smaller than that obtained by the decay of 125I-BSA in the dose range examined. These results suggest that Auger electrons emitted from 125I-antipyrine cause a high-LET-type effect. The reason for the high-LET effect must be the intracellular localization of 125I-antipyrine and its closer contact with DNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Effect of combined use of CR1505 with UFT for the tumor growth of the subcutaneously transplanted pancreatic cancer in the Syrian golden hamsters].

We studied on the effect of combined use of CR1505 with UFT for the subcutaneously transplanted pancreatic cancer induced by BOP (N-nitrosobis (2-oxopropyl) amine) in the Syrian golden hamsters. The tumor growth in the group treated with both CR1505 and UFT was significantly inhibited compared with that in the group treated with only CR1505 or UFT. Labelling index judged by BrdU immunohistochemistry in the group with the combined use was significantly lower than that in the group with the single use. The differences of the body weights and blood analysis were not obscured in the both groups. Moreover, the concentrations of 5-FU and FT207 in tumors were not different between them. These results suggest that a new therapy of the combined use with CR1505 and UFT for the pancreatic cancer should be effective.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Nonspecific granulomatous prostatitis.

Nonspecific granulomatous prostatitis is a relatively rare disorder of the prostate. We encountered 4 cases of this type of chronic inflammation, including 1 case of xanthogranulomatous prostatitis. In all cases the diagnosis was made by histologic examination of specimens obtained by transurethral resection, retropubic prostatectomy, or transrectal needle biopsy. Echography revealed a hypoechoic lesion in the case of xanthogranulomatous prostatitis, while the other cases showed no specific findings except for the associated adenomas. The major symptoms were frequency and dysuria caused by urinary tract infection or benign prostatic hyperplasia associated with the granulomatous prostatitis.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

A rapid anticancer drug screening assay by [14C] thymidine uptake in cultured human cancer cells.

A rapid screening test by suppression of DNA synthesis in cancer cells was developed with [methyl-14C]-thymidine (14C-TdR), a microculture filtration plate and a radiochromatoscanner. Mitomycin, tamoxifen and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were tested against four human gastric cancer cell lines and HeLa cells. The tetrazolium-based colorimetric (MTT) assay underestimated cell inactivation by mitomycin in three cell lines compared with the cell count and the 14C-TdR assays. Inactivation by 5-FU in one cell line by 14C-TdR uptake was considerably lower than that by other methods. Thus neither the radio-labelled DNA precursor uptake nor the MTT assay is suitable for every anticancer drug but they are complementary.

Antineoplastic Agents↗