Biomedical subjects

N Meguro

Publications and source records attributed to N Meguro.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

[Multicentricity and concomitant tumors in renal cell carcinoma: analysis by serial section of resected kidneys].

Nephron-sparing surgery was initially limited to the patients with localized renal cancer (RCC) present bilaterally or in a solitary kidney. Recently there is controversy in the indication for partial nephrectomy or enucleation to incidentally defined small RCC with normal opposite kidney. We examined the incidence of multicentricity in 43 kidneys removed for RCC with a diameter of less than 80 mm. The mean diameter of the predominant tumors was 45 mm (range 12 to 80 mm). The kidneys were serially sectioned at 5 mm intervals. Three of 43 kidneys (7%) had multiple RCC. The size of the concomitant tumors ranged from 2 to 15 mm. The multicentricity had no relation to pathological grade, stage, vascular invasion or infiltration pattern. In addition, the other 4 kidneys had 2 adenomas, 1 angiomyolipoma and 1 fibroma. Therefore we observed a 16% incidence of small renal nodules and a 7% multicentricity of RCC in the nephrectomized kidneys with normal opposite kidney.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1995

Preoperative endocrine therapy in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer.

Recently, there has been increased interest in the application of preoperative endocrine therapy prior to radical prostatectomy for locally advanced cancer in order to enhance surgical curability and increase survival. Between 1986 and 1993, 40 patients with prostate cancer were given endocrine therapy before radical prostatectomy. Fifteen patients had stage B2 disease and 25 stage C. The median duration of preoperative endocrine therapy was 3.8 months, and all the patients subsequently underwent radical prostatectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy and castration. There was an average 25.5% (0-71.8%) decreases in the maximal cross-sectional area of the prostate gland as determined by transrectal ultrasonography. Twenty-four of 25 patients with elevated levels of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) showed normal values after preoperative endocrine therapy. Evaluation of treatment-related histological effects, divided into three grades, revealed that 17 patients had pronounced, 11 moderate and 12 poor or no regression. Thirteen of the 40 patients (33%) demonstrated pathological downstaging of disease status from the diagnosis made at the initial clinical examination. After a median follow-up period of 36 months (3-100 months), 36 of the 40 patients are disease-free; two died of cancer 43 and 50 months after surgery, respectively. These results suggest that preoperative endocrine therapy may play an important role in the management of locally advanced prostatic cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1994

Adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy for invasive bladder cancer.

A total of 20 patients with primary invasive bladder cancer who underwent radical cystectomy received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy using a CAP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin) or modified M-VAC (methotrexate, vinblastine, pirarubicin, and cisplatin) regimen. In all, 16 of the patients were treated with CAP and 4 received the modified M-VAC regimen. Of the 20 patients, 17 had transitional-cell carcinoma with or without non-transitional-cell elements. All of the patients had tumors with a histological grade of G2 (6 cases) or G3 (14 cases). As for lymph-node metastasis, there were ten N0 cases, three N1 cases, six N2 cases, and one N3 case. Adjuvant chemotherapy was usually commenced 2 weeks after the surgery and was given every 3-4 weeks for two or three cycles. The 5-year survival rate of these 20 patients was 65.9%, whereas that of 49 patients who did not receive any adjuvant chemotherapy was 30.2%. Regarding toxicity, both of the adjuvant chemotherapy regimens used in this study were generally well tolerated. The most common toxic effects were gastrointestinal symptoms, alopecia, and myelosuppression. Another 19 patients with invasive transitional-cell carcinoma of the bladder received 2 or 3 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using the modified M-VAC or MEC (methotrexate, epirubicin, and cisplatin) regimen. Of 18 pathologically evaluable patients who underwent radical cystectomy or partial cystectomy, the stage was pT0 in 3 cases (17%), pTis in 3 (17%), pT1 in 3 (17%), and pT2 or higher in 9 (50%). The 4-year survival rate of 18 patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 71.5%. Regarding toxicity, one patient died of a bowel complication after surgery, and the complication was suggested to be drug-induced.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1993

Significance of subclinical varicocele detected by scrotal sonography in male infertility: a preliminary report.

To assess the clinical significance of subclinical right varicocele, we used scrotal sonography for a prospective study of 68 infertile patients with a clinical left varicocele. A significant difference was found in the improvement in postoperative semen characteristics between sonographically diagnosed bilateral and unilateral groups. We conclude that a subclinical right varicocele is also detrimental for spermatogenesis in patients with a clinical left varicocele.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Experience of double Malecot intraurethral stent--analysis on complications].

Double Malecot type polyurethane intraurethral stent (IUS) was used on 5 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (once in 3 patients and twice in 2 patients). They were unfit for operation because of emphysema in 3 cases, asthma and heart disease in one case. IUS with an effective length 35, 40 or 45 mm was selected according to the length of the prostatic urethra and was inserted under fluoroscopic guidance. IUS was successfully placed at the first trials in all patients, but the stent could not be changed in two patients because of bladder tamponade. Peak flow rate (PFR) was improved in 3 cases, unchanged in 1 and worse in 1. The complications were bladder tamponade in 2 cases, urgency and frequency in 1 and encrustation in 1. These findings suggested that positioning the proximal basket of the stent at the prostatic urethra near the bladder neck is important.

Aged↗

PubMed1993

[Tuberculosis of the female urethra: a case report].

A 52-year-old female with the chief complaint of miction pain was referred for the examination of a urethral nodule. Physical inspection revealed the meatus to be reddish and swollen. The painless nodule (1 x 1 x 2 cm) was situated between the urethra and vagina on transvaginal examination. Chest X-ray, drip infusion pyelography (DIP) and urethrocystography (UCG) showed no evidence of tuberculosis. Bladder mucosa was normal on cystoscopy. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was not detected from urine or sputum. The nodule was resected along with a portion of the urethra. Histopathological examination revealed tuberculous granuloma of the urethra.

Drug Therapy, Combination↗

PubMed1993

[Clinical results of transrectal hyperthermia in 15 patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis].

A prospective uncontrolled study of the safety and efficacy of transrectal hyperthermia was performed on 15 patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis or prostatodynia. A total of 6 (1-2 per week) 1-hour sessions of hyperthermia were performed. Subjective improvement was fair in 2 cases and slight in 13 cases (about 87%). The uroflowmetry and the prostatic size measured by transrectal echography did not show any significant changes. The complications were epididymitis (1 case), UTI (1 case) and chlamydial urethritis (2 cases). In conclusion, this therapy seems to achieve the short-term improvement of chronic abacterial prostatitis or prostatodynia.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Chromosomal aberrations in cases of male infertility].

Mitotic chromosomal analysis was done on 130 cases of male infertility, 85 with azoospermia and 45 with oligospermia. Eighteen cases of chromosomal aberrations were found, consisting of eight cases of Klinefelter's syndrome, four with 46, XYq-(including one mosaic case), three translocations, one with 47, XYY, one with 46, XY, 15p+ and one with normal variant. Among these, 46 XYq- is a notable karyotype because it cannot be accurately diagnosed without Q-banding, and because 46, XYq- is important for determining the role of the locus on the long arm of the Y chromosome which is supposed to include spermatogenesis. Eleven cases of 46, XYq- in azoospermic males, including our cases, have been reviewed in the Japanese literature. Statistical analysis of the values of testicular volume and serum hormones in these azoospermia cases, revealed obvious differences between normal and abnormal karyotypes and also between 46, XYq- and Klinefelter's syndrome.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[A case of shock following intravesical formalin instillation].

A case of shock following intravesical formalin instillation for massive bladder hemorrhage owing to post-radiation cystitis is reported. A 79-year-old woman had been treated with external irradiation for cancer of the uterine body in 1981. She was suffering from massive hematuria after hysterectomy in 1988. No hemostatic procedures were effective. Then we instilled 10% formalin into her bladder. After the instillation she entered a state of allergic shock.

Administration, Intravesical↗

PubMed1992

[Spontaneous peripelvic extravasation associated with primary ureteral tumor: a case report].

A case of spontaneous peripelvic extravasation associated with primary ureteral tumor is reported. A 56-year-old woman presented with left flank pain. Excretory urogram and abdominal computed tomographic (CT) scan demonstrated left hydronephrosis with extravasation of contrast materials around the renal pelvis. Retrograde pyelogram showed the filling defect in the left upper ureter. Under diagnosis of ureteral tumor, total nephroureterectomy was performed. Histological findings revealed transitional cell carcinoma. 80 cases of spontaneous peripelvic extravasation in Japan were reviewed and discussed briefly.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗

PubMed1991

Extraadrenal expression of steroid 21-hydroxylase and 11 beta-hydroxylase by a benign testicular Leydig cell tumor.

We present an unusual case with bilateral testicular Leydig cell tumors displaying extraadrenal expression of steroid 21-hydroxylase and 11 beta-hydroxylase. Histological examination of a 38-yr-old man infertile due to azoospermia showed him to have bilateral testicular Leydig cell tumors. The in vitro steroidogenic potential of the tumors and their adjacent testicular tissue was evaluated using organ culture. Tumor tissue was found to secrete deoxycorticosterone (DOC), corticosterone (B) and cortisol, which are not produced in normal adult testis, into the medium, while testicular tissue adjacent to the tumors secreted a small amount of DOC and B. Northern blot analysis with cytochrome P-450C21 complementary DNA (cDNA) and P-45011 beta cDNA as probes revealed that the tumor contained a considerable amount of mRNA for P-450C21 and P-45011 beta, while the MRNAs were not detected in the testicular tissues adjacent to the tumors. It is suggested that the high local levels of estrogen and/or progesterone within the Leydig cell tumors and their adjacent testicular tissues induced extraadrenal expression of steroid 21-hydroxylase and 11 beta-hydroxylase by the tumors and their adjacent testicular tissues.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Rectal metastasis of prostatic cancer causing annular stricture: a case report].

A 61-year-old man diagnosed with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the prostate (T4 NxM0, stage C) underwent endocrine therapy. The reduction of the tumor was recognized but soon annular rectal stricture appeared. In spite of the subsequent chemotherapy, symptoms aggravated. Then total pelvic exenteration and colostomy were performed. Prostate was easily separated from the rectal wall and the tumor continuity was not proved. Immunohistochemical inspection indicated that the origin of the tumor cells of the rectum was the prostate. Histopathological examination of the rectum using the step section method showed no trace of cancer invasion but many cancer cells in the intramural lymphatic duct. We concluded that adenocarcinoma of the prostate metastasized to the rectum by way of lymphatic flow and caused the annular stricture of the rectum.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1990

[Production of monoclonal antibodies against human bladder cancer cells and application to immunohistochemical analysis of bladder cancer].

Two hybridomas secreting two monoclonal antibodies IgG1 B1.4 and IgG2a B1.6 were obtained by immunizing BALB/c mice with human bladder cancer cell line EJ-1. In immunohistochemical staining of cryopreserved tissues, B1.4 reacted with 0 of 9 grade 1 TCC, 6 of 11 grade 2, all of 6 grade 3 and five metastatic specimens. The antigen recognized by B1.4 was not expressed by normal urothelial cells but were expressed by vascular endothelial cells and muscle of tunica media. The target antigen of B1.6 was expressed by normal urothelial cells and all grade of TCC. In this study, it was demonstrated that poorly differentiated bladder cancer and metastatic specimens of bladder cancer express a vascular carbohydrate antigen. Taking the escape mechanism of immune surveillance, into consideration, it is possible that the antigen recognized by B1.4 is an indicator of metastatic potential of bladder cancer.

Animals↗