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Biomedical subjects

N McDonald

Publications and source records attributed to N McDonald.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Experience with the endorectal ileal pullthrough with lateral reservoir for ulcerative colitis and polyposis.

Since 1977, 184 patients with colitis or polyposis underwent colectomy with endorectal ileal pullthrough in two stages with a temporary ileostomy. Five had an S reservoir, three had a J reservoir, and 15 had no reservoir; 97 patients had a lateral reservoir constructed at the second operation and 64 had one constructed at the first operation. Ten patients with no reservoir and one with a J reservoir underwent conversion to a lateral reservoir because of stool frequency. Three patients with an S reservoir and six (3.5%) of 172 patients with a lateral reservoir underwent a permanent ileostomy. Over 65% of complications occurred in the first 50 patients. Late reservoir shortening was necessary in 34 patients. Of the last 110 patients, 107 are functioning well with a mean of six bowel movements per day. A short lateral reservoir (less than 15 cm) constructed at the first operation produces the fewest complications and best results.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1988

Calcium channel blockade does not offer adequate protection from perioperative myocardial ischemia.

This study aimed to detect the difference in hemodynamic and electrocardiographic responses during the prebypass period in patients undergoing coronary bypass grafting who were receiving beta-adrenergic blocking drugs, calcium entry blocking drugs, or both beta-adrenergic and calcium entry blocking drugs. Electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial ischemia was noted significantly more frequently in patients receiving calcium entry blocking drugs alone at induction of anesthesia (P less than 0.03), skin incision (P less than 0.05), and sternotomy (P less than 0.002). Heart rate at sternotomy was significantly higher in patients receiving calcium entry blocking drugs (P less than 0.02) as compared to patients receiving beta-adrenergic blocking drugs or the combination of both drugs. In conclusion, patients treated with calcium entry blocking drugs alone had significantly higher incidence of perioperative ischemic ECG changes compared with patients receiving beta-adrenergic blocking drugs alone or in combination with calcium channel blocking drugs.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1988

Construction of an ileal reservoir in patients with a previous straight endorectal ileal pull-through.

A decade has passed since Martin and associates presented the first series of endorectal ileal pull-through (PT) procedures with straight ileoanal anastomosis for treatment of ulcerative colitis and polyposis. During the ensuing years, several medical centers have reported their results using the PT. Although some children have experienced good results, the majority of adults and children have had severe problems associated with high stool frequency, urgency, and incontinence. Between 1977 and 1987, 12 patients underwent colectomy and straight PT for ulcerative colitis or familial polyposis under the direction of a single surgeon. In this group, the average number of stools varied from six to 45 movements per 24 hours (mean, 18). In seven patients, high stool frequency (mean, 24 per 24 hours), partial fecal incontinence, and urgency that led to moderate to severe limitation in physical, social, work, and sexual activities made it necessary to convert the straight PT to an ileal reservoir. For each of these patients, the ileal PT segment was separated from the rectal muscle cuff, a lateral isoperistaltic reservoir was constructed, and the ileoanal anastomosis was re-established in a one-stage operation. One additional patient decided to return to a conventional ileostomy. All seven patients who underwent conversion to a PT with reservoir had no major complications, and each improved markedly in their clinical status. Daytime stool frequency was reduced by a mean of approximately 50%, whereas nocturnal frequency was decreased by a mean of 60%. Incontinence and fecal urgency were relieved significantly. In conclusion, for patients who develop problems with a straight PT procedure and who desire to avoid a permanent ileostomy, conversion to a PT with a lateral ileal reservoir is a valuable alternative with low risk and a high likelihood of success.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1985

The product-selective blot: a technique for measuring enzyme activities in large numbers of samples and in native electrophoresis gels.

A method termed "product-selective" blotting has been developed for screening large numbers of samples for enzyme activity. The technique is particularly well suited to detection of enzymes in native electrophoresis gels. The principle of the method was demonstrated by blotting samples from glutaminase (EC 3.5.1.2) or glutamate synthase (EC 1.4.7.1) reactions into an agarose gel embedded with ion-exchange resin under conditions favoring binding of product (glutamate) over substrates and other substances in the reaction mixture. After washes to remove these unbound substances, the product was measured using either fluorometric staining or radiometric techniques. Glutaminase activity in native electrophoresis gels was visualized by a related procedure in which substrates and products from reactions run in the electrophoresis gel were blotted directly into a resin-containing "image gel." Considering the selective-binding materials available for use in the image gel, along with the possible detection systems, this method has potentially broad application.

Chromatography, Ion Exchange↗
PubMed1979

MINET in K.C.

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Fees and Charges↗
PubMed1975

The effect of different dietary levels of Ca and P on the plasma Ca, inorganic P and Mg as well as the ash, Ca, P and Mg content of cervical vertebrae and total body of sheep.

Six 14 month old rams were divided equally into three groups and received either a high Ca (1,102% Ca : 0,192% P : 0,128% Mg), control (0,322% Ca : 0,311=P : 0,128% Mg) or high P (0,127% Ca : 1,043% P: 0,130% Mg) diet in pellected form for 150 days. 2. Dry mass and ash % of the third cervical vertebra decreased as Ca intake decreased while fat % increased. There was a highly significant negative correlation (= -0,992) between bone ash% and bone fat %. Bone P and Mg showed no particular trends. 3. Total body Ca and P as well as % body Ca and P all decreased with a decrease in dietary Ca and increase in dietary P intake. Body Mg showed no particular trend. 4. The results suggest that while plasma values may be useful in assessing the P intake of sheep on natural pastures, bone and total body P may not be.

Animal Feed↗