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Biomedical subjects

N Mayr

Publications and source records attributed to N Mayr.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[EEG findings in complicated migraine].

In the past 11 years 115 patients with complicated migraine were examined at the Neurological University Clinic of Vienna (34 male, 81 female, age range 15-65 years, mean age 32 years). About 80% suffered not only from complicated but also from uncomplicated migraine. 6 cases had ophthalmoplegic migraine, 3 cases typical basilaris migraine and the rest (n = 106) migraine accompagnée. The complicated neurological symptoms consisted in most cases of transient sensory and/or motor deficits (n = 37), 15 of these cases had additional visual field deficits. 36 cases had combination of marked aphasia with sensory and/or motor deficits, 16 were monosymptomatic with severe hemihypaesthesia, 10 cases had only motor deficits. The complicating symptoms (i.e. neurological deficits) occurred before attacks of headache and autonomic symptoms in 85 cases. The man frequency of complicated migraine showed a maximum of 1-2 attacks per year (n = 28), the mean duration of single attacks were 15-45 minutes in most cases (n = 31). Only 3 cases had presistent deficits. All patients were examined with EEG, 24.3% of standard EEG done at an any timepoint within the first 3 month after the last attacke revealed no abnormality, 8.7% cases had diffuse slowing, 14.8% bilateral dyshythmia over tempro-frontal areas, other 19.2% asymmetries of this activity and surprisingly 33.1% foci. The maximum of abnormal activities was over frontal and temporal areas. Marked spikes and sharp waves etc. was observed only in 8%. This is the distribution of abnormal EEGs with regard to the severity of abnormalities.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Cardiovascular reflexes, vibration thresholds and electroneurography parameters of the peroneal and sural nerves in type I diabetics].

In 26 type I diabetics ranging in age from 18 to 65 years with a duration of illness of between 1 and 34 years the following investigations were performed: 1. case history and questionnaire; 2. neurological examination; 3. determination of the vibration threshold; 4. electroneurography of the peroneal nerve and the sural nerve; 5. determination of the cardiovascular reflexes; 6. medical examination and additional findings; 7. ophthalmological investigation. 21 patients showed evidence of sensorimotor polyneuropathy (SM-PNP), the average age of this group (41 years) being 10 years higher than in the group without SM-PNP (31 years). The values of HbA1c were pathological in 17 of 21 cases with SM-PNP, and 2 of 5 cases without SM-PNP. Retinopathy was found rarely in both groups. 13 patients showed evidence of autonomic neuropathy (ANP). The mean duration of illness (15.4 years) and the average age of patients (36.5 years) in this group was distinctly higher than in the group without ANP (mean duration of illness: 8.9 years, mean age: 31.9 years). 12 patients with ANP and 7 patients without ANP had abnormally high HbA1c levels. Diabetic SM-PNP was most frequently (in 19 of 21 cases) diagnosed by electroneurographical investigation of the peroneal nerve. In the diagnosis of diabetic ANP the anamnesis (8 positive findings) and the determination of the heart rate variation during deep breathing (7 positive findings) are complementary. Among the 13 patients with ANP, 12 also had SM-PNP, whereas among the 21 patients with SM-PNP only 12 showed evidence of concomitant ANP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Surgically correctable complications of myocardial infarct].

Coronary artery bypass grafting is a straightforward solution to the problem of myocardial ischemia secondary to coronary artery disease. More recently, the complexities of complications following myocardial infarction have been elucidated with respect to various aspects. Disastrous sequelae, such as rupture of the ventricular septum, the left ventricular wall and the papillary muscle, impose many intricacies on the inevitable surgical treatment; this form of cardiac surgery is still a tour de force. Life-threatening ventricular tachycardias due to transmural myocardial infarction and/or left ventricular aneurysm remain a surgical challenge. An attempt is made to delineate the current state of surgery for acute and chronic complications of myocardial infarction.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[A chemically induced polyneuropathy in chronic polyarthritis treated with D-penicillamine?].

Polyneuropathy occurring during therapy with D-penicillamine is reported in a 63 year-old women with chronic rheumatoid arthritis. 6 weeks after recommending therapy with 500 mg D-penicillamine/day the patient developed bilateral oculomotor palsy and axonal peripheral neuropathy. The development of clinical symptoms was accompanied by the observation of high levels of antinuclear antibodies and antibodies against native DNA. The appearance of polyneuropathy after repeated administration of penicillamine, the regression of symptoms and the rapid decrease in antinuclear antibodies after discontinuation of the drug plus the absence of signs of a malignant form of rheumatoid arthritis show a remarkable correlation.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1983

[Temperature dependence and intraindividual variability of electrophysiologic parameters of the sural nerve].

In 10 healthy volunteers we investigated the temperature dependence of electrophysiological parameters of the sural nerve. The mean values in the range between 28,5 degrees and 35 degrees C with increasing temperatures were: +1.1 m/s/degree C +/- 0,94 for the sensory orthodromic conduction velocity; -0.39 microV/degree C +/- 0.51 for the orthodromic sensory amplitude (NAP-amplitude) and -0.01 ms/degree C +/- 0.04 for the duration of the NAP (NAP-duration). The number of phases did not change. Investigating twice the dependence of the electrophysiological parameters of the sural nerve on the temperature in 9 controls, it was shown that this dependence remains relatively constant in the single subject. In 20 healthy volunteers we determined normal values of the intraindividual variability of the electrophysiological parameters of the sural nerves. The values were: 5.70% +/- 3.81 for the NCV; 23.60% +/- 14.66 for the NAP-amplitude and 10.05% +/- 7.35 for the NAP-duration. The number of phases did not change.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Long-term EEG recording in comparison with sleep deprivation and other provocation methods in epilepsy patients].

37 epileptics with routine records without paroxysms were subject to 24 hours mobile long-term EEG registration and independently 24 hours sleep deprivation EEG including hyperventilation and photic stimulation. The anticonvulsive treatment was not changed. In 14 cases we could prove epileptiform discharges (= positive finding) by using both methods, in 13 after sleep derivation (10 at rest, 3 only during hyperventilation) in 7 in the long-term record and in 6 of them both after sleep deprivation and in long-term record. As epileptiform discharges we rated spikes, spikes ans slow waves, epileptic K-complexes, spike and waves and poly spike wave-paroxysms. We refer the small number of positive findings in the mobile long-term EEG mainly to the fact that only 3 EEG canals are disponible until now. Therefore on the one hand it is not definitely possible to distinguish sharp waves from sharp transients physiologically appearing in sleep, on the other hand focal EEG-changes often escape from being recorded.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Neurological signs in diphenylhydantoin intoxication (case reports and review) (author's transl)].

Five patients who were treated with long-term diphenylhydantoin for epilepsy developed neurological signs of poisoning. In 4 cases the symptoms appeared following treatment of status epilepticus with additional phenytoin medication. All patients had an acute symptomatic psychosis and a diffuse slowing of the curves in the EEG. All 5 patients showed cerebellar signs and two of them complained additionally of objective polyneuropathy, a third case complaining of itching only. An axonal polyneuropathy with minimal reduction in motor nerve conduction and a considerable extension of distal latency and diminution of compound action potential was found. In one case the biopsy showed concentric lamellar bodies coming from the axon, with intact myelin sheaths. All alterations were reversible. The pathogenesis of toxicity is discussed. Cumulation of toxic products in the plasma arising from delayed elimination of DPH metabolites is pointed out. However, one case with cerebellar signs had normal DPH levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[EEG in phenytoin intoxication (author's transl)].

Four patients had Phenytoin intoxications, whereby 3 of them suffered from acute and one from subacute symptoms (in all of them reversible cerebellar symptoms and acute organic brain syndrome and in one of them an axonal polyneuropathy which lasted a bit longer). The clinic-neurologic symptoms, the Phenytoin blood levels and the current EEG changes were compared. Three patients had blood levels in a high toxic range, the fourth one had levels within the therapeutic range. The EEG changes of acute phase of intoxications showed in each case nonspecific mostly diffused slowing of the traces with theta- and delta-activity over the convexity (Tab. 1a, 2c, d). Although the EEG changes were reversible, they lasted longer than the clinical intoxication phase. These EEG changes were already manifest several days before the clinical symptoms. We feel therefore that the EEG examination is indicated especially in doubtful cases because it is easier to execute than the blood level estimation, - even though the changes are nonspecific. One case (Nr. 1), which was more closely explores, did not develop any epileptic fits, instead the fits were retrospectively seen as stemming from a psychogenic origin, which was treated with Phenytoin. The EEG of this patient showed generalised irregular SW-paroxyms (Tab. 1b) as the medication blood level was receding (120 muMol/l). This would be a manifestation of an independent Phenytoin effect in the high toxic dosage respectively in withdrawal.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Neurotrophic ulcerations in the trigeminal region].

A patient with trigeminal trophic syndrome is presented. Neurotrophic ulcerations developed one year after injection of alcohol into the gasserian ganglion. The importance of the trigeminal trophic syndrome in the differential diagnosis to malignant skin lesions, lupus vulgaris and syphilis is discussed.

Aged↗