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Biomedical subjects

N Maurin

Publications and source records attributed to N Maurin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Primary hyperparathyroidism in the 3d pregnancy trimester].

HISTORY AND FINDINGS: A 24-year-old pregnant woman had to be hospitalized in the 33rd week of pregnancy because of premature contractions and clinical signs of pyelonephritis. She had a history of nephrolithiasis. Laboratory tests showed a total calcium of 3.6 mmol/l, hypophosphataemia of 0.59 mmol/l and an increased parathormone level of 420 ng/l. Ultrasonography demonstrated a large parathyroid adenoma, confirming the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism. COURSE AND TREATMENT: Despite several recommendations of conservative treatment in the literature it was decided to perform a parathyroidectomy, which was done without complication during the 35th week of pregnancy. A healthy, mature boy was born at the beginning ot the 41st week: at no time did he show any signs of hypoparathyroidism. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment of hyperparathyroidism is a reasonable and possible choice even in the 3rd trimester, because it allows regeneration of the fetal parathyroid. However, this decision must be individualized, in relation to the period of pregnancy and any progression of the disease.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1995

Delayed in vitro immune response to long-term intraperitoneal polymer implant in mice.

This paper presents an original experimental procedure designed to evaluate, by a two step in vivo/in vitro combination, the long-term biocompatibility of synthetic materials developed for clinical applications. The efficacy of the test is illustrated by the experimental results obtained with various materials currently used in medicine (Dacron, RCH) and also with three recently synthesized compounds. In the first step of the procedure, the sample was grafted for at least 5 months in the peritoneal cavity of mice, allowing the possible development of delayed sensitization. In the second step, this sensitization was detected by an in vitro test, the Lymphoblastic Transformation Test (LTT), adapted for this new purpose. On the basis of this experiment, the 5 polymers tested were classified into 2 groups: one group did not significantly differ from the control, and the other had a significantly higher incidence of sensitization. As these results were in agreement with the known biocompatibility of these polymers, they demonstrate the validity of the test to classify new polymers.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Influence of recombinant human erythropoietin on hematological and hemostatic parameters with special reference to microhemolysis.

Twenty chronic hemodialysis patients with renal anemia (hematocrit < 25%) received recombinant human erythropoietin (40 IU/kg body weight 3 x weekly) intravenously after each dialysis. Prior to and at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after commencement of erythropoietin therapy, hematocrit together with hemostasis and microhemolysis parameters were determined. There were significant increases in hematocrit, platelet count and platelet retention, but a significant fall in the initial clearly prolonged bleeding time. Free plasma hemoglobin likewise increased. Conversely, lactate dehydrogenase, prothrombin time, fibrinogen, antithrombin III activity, protein C activity and protein S concentration were all unaltered. The positive effect on bleeding time and platelet retention is most probably caused by an increase in adenosine diphosphate due to the hematocrit-dependent rise in the blood shear stress via physiologic microhemolysis (raised free plasma hemoglobin).

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Solid breast nodules: reliability of ultrasonographic and cytological studies].

The authors evaluated the usefulness of US study and US guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in 144 solid breast lesions. US studies was performed with a 10-MHz transducer. Homogenous hypoechogenicity, elongation along the general orientation of the breast tissue plane, regular margins, and intensification of posterior echoes were considered as benign signs. US guided FNAC was performed when lesions were depicted at US. The smears were performed immediately by the cytologist who was present during the procedure. US signs and FNAC diagnoses were compared with surgical/core biopsy diagnoses or negative imaging follow-up. The sensitivity of US was 93%, specificity 75%, accuracy 81%. Among 41 malignant lesions the cytologic findings were malignant (n = 26) or suspicious (n = 7) with 1 false positive and 2 false negative. Inadequate samplings were less frequent last year study (13.5%). The sensitivity of cytologic diagnosis was 94%, specificity 85%, and accuracy 88%. US study and FNAC could be helpful in evaluating solid breast lesions. A better accuracy may be obtained if FNAC is associated with core biopsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Multimedic system for telepathology and interdisciplinary councils between doctors and various hospitals.

At present, the exchange of information between clinicians and pathologists are limited to mail, telefax and telephone. The bi-directional video communication using at least two digitized phone lines (ISDN) is an additional medium for video-conference and for image exchange. The MECOM system (Medical Communication) has been set up in the department of pathology of Aixla-Chapelle Hospital (Germany) and has routinely used for two years between 4 local hospitals. Now it is mainly used for staff discussions between pathologists and practitioners involved in different oncological fields. Mecom can transmit any kind of high resolution images (x rays films, scanner images, histologic slides...) which are useful or necessary during medical staff discussions. This system requires only two phone lines to be operative. However it can turn on up to twelve parallel ISDN lines which allow to transmit 768 kbytes/sec. It manages the SG3, HVQ and H320 compression algorithms and allows the transmission of still images at a resolution varying from 256/240 to 512/480 pixels. Mecom is a modulable system which adapts to the needs. It has the following advantages. Emergency inter-disciplinary conferences. Real time images, discussion between a pathologist and an expert to confirm histo-pathological diagnosis. Abolition of distances. That is specially useful or necessary in countries with low medical population and poor transportation network.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1994

Rapid appearance of severe mitral regurgitation under high-dosage corticosteroid therapy in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Survival of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus has increased with corticosteroid therapy. However, adverse effects of corticosteroid therapy on cardiovascular structures, such as scarring and shrinking of affected valves, are not well known. We report the case of a 19-year-old patient who developed severe mitral insufficiency within a few weeks after high-dosage corticosteroid therapy had been instituted for an acute relapse of systemic lupus erythematosus. The rapid development of severe mitral regurgitation was documented by sequential colour Doppler echocardiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Endothelin-1 potentiates ADP-induced platelet aggregation in chronic renal failure.

The effect of preincubation of heparinized whole blood with endothelin-1 (ET-1) on the ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation was examined in 20 healthy donors compared with 20 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). ET-1 significantly stimulated ADP-induced aggregation in CRF: EC (effective concentration)25 = 2.3 +/- 0.20 with ET-1 vs. 2.7 +/- 0.22 mumol/L without ET-1; EC50: 3.8 +/- 0.18 with ET-1 vs. 4.4 +/- 0.24 mumol/L without ET-1; and EC75: 5.7 +/- 0.22 with ET-1 vs. 6.4 +/- 0.21 mumol/L without ET-1). In healthy donors only the EC25 was significantly increased: EC25 = 2.5 +/- 0.13 with ET-1 vs. 2.8 +/- 0.20 mumol/L without ET-1. No significant influence of ET-1 in epinephrine-induced aggregation was observed in CRF or in healthy donors. The basal values of determined ET-1 were significantly elevated in CRF: 6.99 +/- 0.29 pmol/mL vs. 5.65 +/- 0.33 pmol/mL in healthy donors. The high endogenous level of ET-1 in CRF patients together with an observed higher endogenous plasma level of cAMP (58 +/- 5.2 nmol/L compared to 29 +/- 2.0 nmol/L in healthy donors) may explain the enhanced pharmacological interaction of ET-1 and ADP in CRF patients. The data suggest that positive agonist interaction between ET-1 and ADP may result from effects on the concentrations of cAMP within the platelet rather than from direct interaction on the membrane receptors or the transmembrane coupling mechanisms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1994

Percutaneous renal biopsy: comparison of manual and automated puncture techniques with native and transplanted kidneys.

The diagnostic usefulness of the biopsy cylinder and biopsy-induced complications were investigated for 458 percutaneous renal biopsies (315 native, 143 transplant kidneys) on 339 patients (average age, 44.6 +/- 18.5 years) under two different biopsy regimes (regime I, manual biopsy technique with Tru-Cut needle, 14 gauge; regime Ii, automated biopsy technique using a Biopty instrument and adapted biopsy needle, 18 gauge). In 435 (95%) of the biopsies, kidney tissue with 9.09 +/- 5.28 glomeruli was obtained (regime I, 93.5%, 9.5 +/- 4.9 glomeruli; regime II, 96.5%, 8.7 +/- 5.6 glomeruli; P > 0.05). Neither with native nor with transplant kidneys was there any evident advantage for a particular regime in terms of the diagnostic usefulness of the cylinder. Bleeding complications (perirenal haematomas, bleeding into the renal pelvis, blood clots in the urinary bladder) were observed in 69 (15.1%) patients (regime I, 15.6%; regime II, 14.6%; P > 0.05). Clinically relevant bleeding complications were significantly rarer under regime II (9.1% versus 3.5%; P < 0.05). Complications were less frequent with transplant than with native kidneys (12.6% versus 16.2%). Doppler sonography of the biopsied transplant kidneys revealed arteriovenous fistulae in nine cases (6.3%; regime I, 8.0%; regime II, 5.4%). In general, use of an automated biopsy instrument and a thinner biopsy needle reduced the number of significant complications following percutaneous renal biopsy, while achieving comparably diagnostic efficacy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Toxic myopathy with kidney failure as a colchicine side effect ifn familial Mediterranean fever].

A 24-year-old woman with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) had for one year been treated with colchicine, 1 mg daily, for repeated bouts of fever, abdominal pain and arthritis. She was also known to have renal amyloidosis. Lately she had developed gastrointestinal symptoms, muscle pain and obvious, predominantly proximal muscular weakness in both legs. The cause of the symptoms was rhabdomyolysis with an increased creatinine activity of 1000 U/l and marked myoglobinuria (1600 micrograms/l), as well as renal failure with normal uric acid and a creatinine clearance of 3 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Serum creatinine concentration was 970 mumol/l, urea 34 mmol/l. Muscle biopsy corresponded to a subacute necrotizing myopathy with vacuole formation, signs typical of toxic damage. Renal biopsy confirmed advanced amyloidosis. The colchicine dose was reduced to 0.5 mg/d. The renal failure responded to conservative treatment. The myopathy symptoms receded within 4 weeks, creatinine clearance rising to 25 ml/min per 1.73 m2. 12 months after reduction of the colchicine dose the patient was without any FMF-related symptoms.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1992

[A rare cause of neonatal hyperphenylalaninemia: tyrosinemia type I].

Phenylalanine, the direct precursor of tyrosine, is rarely increased in tyrosinemia I. We report on a case of tyrosinemia type I diagnosed through neonatal hyperphenylalaninemia. This case report points out the need for a biological evaluation of the hepatic function in cases of neonatal hyperphenylalaninemia.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗