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Biomedical subjects

N Matsuo

Publications and source records attributed to N Matsuo.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Retinal detachment with oral dialysis: differences in clinical features between cases with and without photoreceptor outer segments in aqueous humor.

Eighteen patients with retinal detachment due to oral dialysis were divided into two groups on the basis of the presence or absence of photoreceptor outer segments in the aqueous humor, and clinical characteristics were compared to elucidate the underlying factors causing the differences. In the group with the presence of the outer segments, oral dialysis was significantly small in size and had no predilection in location. Retinal detachment was significantly long in duration, flat in height, and involved a wide area including the macula. The visual field defect recovered at a significantly high rate after reattachment of the retina. In the group with the absence of the outer segments in the aqueous humor, oral dialysis was significantly large in size and located predominantly in the temporoinferior quadrant. Retinal detachment was significantly short in duration, and cystic or localized around the oral dialysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The analysis of superselective catheterization technique; transcatheter segmental arterial embolization using lipiodol for hepatocellular carcinoma].

The practical limitations of catheters used for infusion were studied by their types in 47 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who were treated by Segmental Lp-TAE. For catheterization into the arterial branches of S5 and S8, a coaxial infusion catheter was helpful. However, a coaxial infusion catheter was seldom used for catheterization into the arterial branches of S6 and S7. For infusion into vessels having diameters of less than 1.9 mm at the tip end of the catheter, positive use of a coaxial infusion catheter is strongly recommendable. A Tracker-18 catheter was especially helpful for catheterization into the vessels of S5.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[A case of crystalline retinopathy with crystalline deposits in the cornea].

We experienced a case of crystalline retinopathy with crystalline deposits in the cornea and the limbal conjunctiva, and performed histological studies of the cornea, conjunctiva and peripheral blood cells. The patient was a 45-year-old man who had no abnormality in hematological studies and urinalysis. In the fundus diffuse atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium and patchy foci of choroidal atrophy were observed, and sparkling yellowish-white spots were scattered, chiefly in the posterior region. Fluorescein angiography showed neither hyperfluorescence nor hypofluorescence at these spots. In the marginal cornea and the limbal conjunctiva crystalline deposits were observed. Histological findings by light microscopy and electron microscopy revealed sparse degeneration of epithelial cells in both the cornea and the limbal conjunctiva. But no substances corresponding to crystalline deposits could be identified. Inclusion bodies were detected including clefts in circulating lymphocytes and eosinophils. The inclusion bodies suggest that crystalline retinopathy results from a systemic metabolic abnormality.

Conjunctiva↗
PubMed1990

[Meningoencephalitis in Kawasaki disease].

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a syndrome characterized by various degrees of vasculitis in small-and medium-sized arteries. We discussed the characteristic manifestations and prognosis of 5 KD patients (male 3, female 2) with meningoencephalitis in the acute stage. The incidence was 3.7% (5 of 138 patients) in our institute. The age of onset was between 3 months and 15 months. The clinical manifestations included disturbance of consciousness and seizures; disturbance of consciousness developed in all patients in the early acute stage. The duration was between 2 and 11 days; seizures developed as status convulsions in two. Electroencephalograms (EEG) demonstrated certain abnormalities in 2 of 4 patients studied. Computed-tomographic scanning (CT scan) revealed fluid collection in the frontal extracerebral space, and monocyte-predominant pleocytosis was observed in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in all 5 patients studied. The age of onset in the 5 KD patients was significantly earlier than that in non-complicated cases (n = 138, P less than 0.01). Blood hemoglobin (P less than 0.05) and hematocrit (P less than 0.05), serum total protein (P less than 0.01), and serum albumin levels (P less than 0.01) were also significantly lower. Moreover the period until CRP values turned negative was significantly longer (P less than 0.05) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate was significantly lower (P less than 0.01) in these 5 patients. It was considered that meningoencephalitis in KD may develop in cases having more severe and prolonged inflammatory changes; the clinical findings revealed a serious form of KD. We suggest that this might because by vasculitis of small arteries, arterioles, capillaries, and venules, which consists of infiltration of lymphocytes and large mononuclear cells, and edema. There was no neurological sequela in 4 of the 5 patients. However, one patient was found to have hearing difficulty 3 years after the onset. Therefore, the prognosis of meningoencephalitis in KD was considered to be generally favorable.

Brain↗
PubMed1990

[Image analysis of morphologic features of the corneal endothelium including hexagonality].

We developed an analysis system for the evaluation of corneal endothelial photographs. Morphological parameters including hexagonality were analyzed semiautomatically with this system. The image analyzer used consists of an image processor MC68000 and image memories 512 x 512 x 17bytes in size. The algorithm that measures the number of apices of each cell is as follows. First, all crossing points of cell borders are detected. Then, each cell is enlarged in order by three pixels in eight directions. The number of crossing points which are overlapped with an enlarged cell is detected as the number of apices of the cell. The analysis time was 7.44 +/- 1.48 min. (mean +/- standard deviation) for 40 endothelial photographs which needed no manual trace for contrast enhancement.

Cell Count↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical evaluation of the treatment of early cervical neoplasia by carbon dioxide laser conization].

One hundred twenty patients with cervical neoplasia were treated by conization, 78 with a carbon dioxide laser and 42 with a cold knife. Bleeding during the conization was 82.5 +/- 91.4 ml with the laser and 117.3 +/- 82.6 ml with the cold knife. The time required for the operation was 55.0 +/- 16.7 min and 37.7 +/- 10.2 min, respectively. With the aid of a local injection of epinephrine, peroperative bleeding was much less pronounced in the laser group (25.4 +/- 39.5 ml) and the time required for the operation was further shortened to 36.4 +/- 15.0 min. Six patients treated with the cold knife (14.3%) suffered postoperative hemorrhage requiring hemostasis, but only one in the laser series (1.3%). Forty-nine patients of 78 treated with the laser and 15 of 42 treated with the cold knife were subjected to conservative therapy. All of them were followed up by cytology, colposcopy and histology, and there was no failure or recurrence at either 8 weeks and 1 year after the operation. Unsatisfactory colposcopic findings developed in 9 patients (18.4%) in the laser group compared with 11 patients (73.3%) in the cold knife group. Specimens obtained after laser conization were satisfactory for use in histopathological evaluation. Conization with a carbon dioxide laser appears to be an acceptable procedure as a diagnostic method and conservative therapy for cervical neoplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A successful surgical repair of anomalous right pulmonary venous connection with Goldenhar syndrome].

A ten-year-old girl with Goldenhar syndrome underwent intracardial repair for partial anomalous right pulmonary venous connection into the superior vena cava. In surgical procedure the proximal tract of superior vena cava was reconstructed into double floor, low floor was tract for anomalous pulmonary venous blood drained into left atrium through the atrial septal defect which was made with resection of prinum septum, upper floor was a real tract for superior venous blood. After operation, arrhythmia did not detect. One month after operation, no stenosis along the superior vena cava or right pulmonary vein were evidenced in catheterization. This surgical technique is superior to using baffle for preventing thrombogenesis. The result suggested that this surgical technique is preferable to the reconstruction of baffle in superior vena cava.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Serum lipolytic activity in Reye's syndrome.

High levels of the serum free fatty acids (FFA) are found in Reye's syndrome (RS). While this is attributed to enhanced adipose tissue lipolysis, the possibility that intravascular lipolysis could augment this process was investigated by measuring lipase activity in sera from RS and other subjects. Ordinarily, lipolytic activity is not detectable in serum from unheparinized subjects. Significant lipolytic activities ranging from 1-3 mumol/ml serum per hour were detected in sera from 5 of the 7 RS patients studied. Similar activities were also found in sera from two other subjects one of whom was a long-term survivor of RS and the other who had recurrent bouts of biliary obstruction and encephalopathy. Lipase activity was negligible in the serum from 2 other RS patients, 4 other long-term survivors of RS, 2 siblings, one RS parent and in 20 disease controls including patients with influenza, diabetic ketoacidosis and cerebral edema, meningitis and febrile infections with diarrhea and vomiting. None of these individuals had received heparin. An inverse relationship was found between LPL and hepatic lipase (HL) activities. Glucose levels tended to correlate directly with LPL and inversely with HL activity. The basis for the presence of LPL activity in RS sera is not known but the presence of serum lipase activity in unheparinized patients supports the notion that the TG in the circulating lipoprotein particles probably also serve as another source of FFA in the sera of RS patients.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Determination of overt carnitine palmitoyltransferase by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.

A method for the determination of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I; EC 2.3.1.19) in isolated rat liver mitochondria by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography is described. Enzyme activity is assayed by direct determination of coenzyme A (CoA) released from palmitoyl-CoA within 60 min by a linear gradient system. CPT 1 in rat liver mitochondria can be assayed from only 30 micrograms of mitochondrial protein per millilitre of assay mixture. The changes in the kinetic parameters of CPT I, including Ki for malonyl-CoA, resulting from the fasting-feeding cycle are also discussed.

Acyltransferases↗
PubMed1989

On-off phenomenon in a child with tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency due to 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency (BH4 deficiency).

Marked fluctuations in mobility, known as the on-off phenomenon, frequently emerge during the course of chronic treatment with levodopa in patients with Parkinson's disease. Similar fluctuations in mobility and mental status have been observed in a 10-year-old Japanese girl with tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency (BH4 deficiency) while receiving neurotransmitter and biopterin supplement. In order to define the underlying mechanisms for the phenomenon in our patient, we studied the temporal relationship between plasma levodopa levels and clinical status during oral (2.0 mg/kg per day) and continuous intravenous (2.0 mg/kg per 12 h) administration of the drug. Following each oral levodopa dose, the plasma concentration of levodopa peaked at 60-90 ng/ml within 60 min and fell to 5-15 ng/ml within 2 h. The clinical state of the patient varied acutely in parallel with the plasma levodopa concentrations. The clinical swings completely disappeared when the plasma levodopa concentrations were stabilized between 120-150 ng/ml by continuous infusion. Paradoxically, on awakening from sleep, she was invariably ambulatory despite very low plasma levodopa levels (less than 10 ng/ml). These observations indicate that the on-off phenomenon in our patient reflect the fluctuations of plasma levodopa levels as demonstrated in Parkinson's disease, but there may be substantial differences in levodopa transport across the blood-brain barrier and/or striatal dopamine-receptor interaction between Parkinson's disease and BH4 deficiency.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Chest x-ray findings in the acute phase of Kawasaki disease.

We reviewed the chest x-ray (CXR) findings and clinical courses of 129 patients with Kawasaki disease and found abnormal CXR findings in 14.7% of the patients. Reticulogranular pattern was the most frequent abnormality (89.5%), while peribronchial cuffing (21.1%), pleural effusion (15.8%), atelectasis (10.5%) and air trapping (5.3%) were also seen. In each of these patients, CXR abnormalities appeared within 10 days after the onset of illness. In the group with abnormal CXR findings, a statistically significant increase was noted in duration of fever, incidence of adventitious sounds, serum CRP levels and incidence of coronary arterial lesions and pericardial effusion, as compared with the group having normal CXR findings. The pathological basis of these CXR changes is not clear, since no biopsy or autopsy specimen was obtained from these patients, none of these patients showed definite heart failure, it is difficult to consider that abnormal CXR findings were due to heart failure. On the other hand, physical signs and previous pathological reports suggested that the causes of abnormal CXR findings were lower respiratory tract inflammation and/or pulmonary arteritis.

Bronchial Diseases↗
PubMed1989

Adrenal myelolipoma: a case report and review of the literature.

A case of a 73 year old man who was preoperatively diagnosed as possibly having myelolipoma is presented herein. Adrenal myelolipoma is an uncommon benign tumor of which only 74 foreign cases and 43 Japanese cases have been previously reported in the literature dealing with surgically removed myelolipomas. The most consistent complaint of the adrenal myelolipoma sufferer is abdominal pain, caused by hemorrhaging in the tumor, and many cases are associated with obesity, hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus. There is now an increasing number of such cases being diagnosed during abdominal scanning with ultrasonography or computerized tomography for unrelated problems, whereupon the myelolipoma is usually surgically resected. With the availability of modern scanning techniques and fine needle biopsy, however, it should be possible to adopt a more conservative approach to the management of asymptomatic adrenal myelolipoma. Nevertheless, symptomatic or large tumors, must be removed since there is a high risk of spontaneous hemorrhage.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Potentiation by serotonergic inhibition of yawning induced by dopamine receptor agonists in rats.

Low doses of the dopamine D2-receptor agonist, B-HT 920 (25 micrograms/kg, SC), and the dopamine D1/D2-receptor agonists, apomorphine (50 micrograms/kg, SC) and piribedil (1 mg/kg, SC), evoked yawning. However, the dopamine D1-receptor agonist, SK&F 38393 (2 mg/kg, SC), failed to induce yawning. The yawning responses induced by B-HT 920, apomorphine or piribedil were markedly increased without eliciting stereotypy by pretreatment with reserpine (5 mg/kg, IP, 24 hr). These yawning responses were also enhanced by p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) (300 mg/kg, IP, 72 hr), but not by alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (300 mg/kg, IP, 6 hr). The yawning induced by B-HT 920 given alone and in combination with reserpine or PCPA was inhibited by spiperone (0.5 mg/kg, IP) or scopolamine (0.5 mg/kg, IP), but not by SCH 23390 (0.5 mg/kg, IP). The present results suggest that yawning is evoked by stimulation of dopamine D2-receptors having a high affinity and consequent muscarinic activation, and that the yawning induced by dopamine receptor agonists is potentiated by decreases in serotonergic neuron activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Dopamine receptor blocking action of a dibenzothiepin derivative isofloxythepin in rats.

1. Subcutaneous injection of isofloxythepin or haloperidol inhibited exploratory behaviour, methamphetamine (3 mg/kg)-induced hyperactivity and bromocriptine (15 mg/kg)-induced yawning, and also elicited catalepsy. 2. Isofloxythepin and haloperidol increased concentrations of dihydroxyphenylacetic acid in the striatum and elevated serum prolactin levels. 3. The results suggest that isofloxythepin, as well as haloperidol, blocks the action of the dopamine D2-receptors in the striatum, nucleus accumbens and pituitary.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1989

Altered hepatic fatty acid metabolism in endotoxicosis: effect of L-carnitine on survival.

The activities of palmitoyl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthetase, carnitine acetyltransferase (CAT), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) and the levels of ketone bodies, reduced coenzyme A (CoASH), carnitine, and their esters, which are involved in fatty acid metabolism, in rat liver and plasma were measured after the administration of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We also studied the effect of L-carnitine treatment before LPS administration on survival and on hepatic fatty acid metabolism. The activities of CAT and CPT and the concentrations of ketone bodies, CoA, and carnitine derivatives (except for malonyl-CoA) declined in the liver after LPS administration. The activity of palmitoyl-CoA synthetase was changed little after LPS administration, and the level of hepatic malonyl-CoA increased significantly, suggesting that LPS causes activated fatty acids to undergo esterification and lipogenesis rather than oxidation. Treatment of rats with L-carnitine before LPS greatly increased the survival rate, but did not affect enzymes that metabolize fatty acids, CoA, or carnitine derivatives in the liver. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the mechanism of the effect of carnitine on post-LPS survival.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of hair with nail as index media for biological monitoring of mercury.

Mercury in hair and nails was determined with speciation of chemical forms of mercury. Scalp hair and toenails were sampled once and fingernails were sampled three times from the subjects (18 males and 5 females) whose age ranged from 23 to 56 yr. Total mercury (THg) and inorganic mercury (IHg) were determined by Magos' method with modifications. No sex-related differences were found in mercury levels in hair and nails. In the fingernail samples of three different formation periods, THg and IHg concentrations remained almost constant. Among the three kinds of index media, the highest THg concentration was found in scalp hair followed by fingernails and toenails in the order given, whereas IHg concentrations in scalp hair were similar as those in fingernails but were lowest in toenails. The percent inorganic to total mercury was higher in fingernails than in hair and toenails, which is likely to reflect a possible external contamination with IHg in fingernails. The higher THg concentration in scalp hair than in nails may be attributable to the difference in the chemical composition, in particular sulphur content, and in the blood flow during the formation of hair and nails.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The testicular lesion and sexual differentiation in congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia.

Congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia results in deficient virilization of genetic male infants, indicating that gonadal testosterone biosynthesis is impaired in such patients. In order to better define the characteristics of the gonadal lesion, we studied a Japanese genetic male infant with congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia who underwent bilateral orchiectomy at 14 months of age. The basal serum testosterone was low before and after orchiectomy (6.6 +/- 1.1 vs. 9.5 +/- 1.3 ng/dl), though it was higher at 9 days of age (30 ng/dl). A stimulation test with human chorionic gonadotropin at 12 months of age yielded no testosterone response (7----less than 5 ng/dl). At the time of the surgical intervention, the external genitalia were completely female but Wolffian duct derivatives (epididymides and vasa deferentia) were well developed. The microscopic examination of the testes revealed an increased number of Leydig cells which were filled with abundant lipoid material.- The above data demonstrate that the fetus produced a sufficient amount of testicular testosterone for a male Wolffian duct development. This indicates a quantitative difference in androgen requirements for the male sexual development of the external genitalia and the Wolffian ducts.

Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital↗