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Biomedical subjects

N Matsui

Publications and source records attributed to N Matsui.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

High concentrations of immunoreactive gliostatin/platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor in synovial fluid and serum of rheumatoid arthritis.

Since neovascularization plays an important role in the propagation of rheumatoid synovitis, we analyzed the concentration of gliostatin/platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (GLS/PD-ECGF), a potent angiogenic and chemotactic factor, in the synovial fluid and serum of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. The immunoreactive GLS/PD-ECGF concentrations (mean value +/- S.D.) in synovial fluid, measured by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay, were significantly higher in RA patients than in osteoarthritis (OA) patients (233.02 +/- 219.40 vs. 9.09 +/- 14.86 ng/g, P < 0.001), and the serum concentrations were also higher in RA patients than in age-matched controls (8.77 +/- 7.60 vs. 3.74 +/- 2.61 ng/ml, P < 0.005). These results suggest that GLS/PD-ECGF may participate in the endothelial proliferation resulting in initiation of the extensive emigration of mononuclear cells and proliferation of the synovial tissues in rheumatoid arthritis, and that the immunoreactive GLS/PD-ECGF in serum as well as synovial fluids may be a useful diagnostic marker of RA.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1993

Establishment of an enzyme immunoassay system for gliostatin/platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF).

A two-site enzyme immunoassay for gliostatin (GLS)/platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF) has been developed. The detection limit of gliostatin/PD-ECGF was 30 pg/well, and the optimal assay range was 0.1 to ng/well. This assay system enabled us to confirm the immunochemical identity of both factors and to detect immunoreactive gliostatin/PD-ECGF (IR-GLS/PD-ECGF) in human biological body fluids. The age-related analysis from newborn to 69 years revealed that the serum IR-GLS/PD-ECGF level was high in infants younger than 1 year old (1.8 ng/ml) and in the 20-year-old age group (1.8 ng/ml), and highest in the umbilical cord blood (2.1 ng/ml). Curiously high concentrations were detected in saliva with a significant sex difference (11.3 ng/ml for males and 48.7 ng/ml for females), and in synovial fluids (3.7 ng/ml). A number of human tumor cells, gastric cancer cells, MKN-74, neuroblastoma cells, GOTO, as well as epidermoid carcinoma cells, A431, were found to produce a significant amount of IR-GLS/PD-ECGF (0.2 to 21.8 ng/mg protein), and some of them secreted the IR-GLS/PD-ECGF in the conditioned medium (approximately 0.5 ng/ml). The enzyme immunoassay system is sufficiently sensitive for the basic and clinical study of gliostatin/PD-ECGF in human body fluids, tissues and organs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Factors related to the recurrent hyperfunction of autografts after total parathyroidectomy in patients with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation has been widely accepted as the appropriate treatment for patients with hyperparathyroidism due to chronic renal failure on long term hemodialysis. However, recurrence has been an enigma and therefore, the factors involved in the recurrence of hyperparathyroidism were studied in 128 patients followed for more than 2 years after surgical treatment. The preoperative serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations correlated with the total weights of the parathyroid glands. When the original autotransplanted glands were divided into two groups, being diffuse and nodular, the rate of recurrent hyperparathyroidism due to graft hyperfunction was significantly higher in the patients who received nodular glands (24%) than in those who received diffuse glands (8.4%) (P < 0.05). To investigate whether PTH synthetic activity is different in diffuse and nodular glands, the amount of PTH mRNA was studied by in situ hybridization. There was no significant difference in the amount of PTH mRNA in the cells from either diffuse or nodular glands. These data suggest that the recurrence of hyperparathyroidism is not due to enhanced PTH synthetic activity of autotransplant grafts but to the abnormal growth rate of the transplanted gland.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Treadmill running test for evaluating locomotor activity after 6-OHDA lesions and dopaminergic cell grafts in the rat.

A treadmill apparatus was used for estimating the recovery of locomotor activity after dopaminergic grafts to rats with unilateral 6-OHDA lesions in the nigrostriatal DAergic pathway. Naive control rats, 6-OHDA lesioned rats, and grafted rats were trained to run on the uphill treadmill for 20 min per day for 7 successive days. Weak electrostimulation (ES), less than 1 mA, was used to force running, i.e., if rats did not run they received ES from the grids fixed behind the treadmill belt. The numbers of ES that the rats received were counted because they reflected the frequency with which the rats failed to meet the treadmill speed. Control rats received 5-10 ES/10 min on the first day but only 0-1 ES after the second day. Lesioned rats and grafted rats received over 100 and 50-100 ES/10 min, respectively, during the first 3 days. Thereafter, lesioned rats still received frequent ES (80-100/10 min), whereas grafted rats received less (20-30/10 min). Results indicate that motor ability in grafted rats may not be ameliorated completely despite the recovery from drug-induced rotations. This treadmill running test was found to be a useful method for quantitative evaluation of motor ability.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Effect of thyroid hormone on epidermal growth factor gene expression in mouse submandibular gland.

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) in mouse submandibular gland (SMG) is synthesized in the granular convoluted tubular (GCT) cells. The synthesis of EGF in SMG has been shown to be increased by thyroid hormone. This increase was attributed to the increase in EGF mRNA. Not known is how thyroid hormone increases the mRNA level. In the present study the effect of thyroid hormone administration on EGF gene expression in SMG was studied in hypothyroid mice. Hypothyroidism was induced by treating the mice with propylthiouracil. The amount of SMG EGF mRNA was markedly decreased in hypothyroid mice. Administration of T3 increased the mRNA in a dose-dependent manner. The increase in EGF mRNA by T3 was evident as early as 6 h after T3 administration. A nuclear run-off assay indicated that the induction of EGF gene expression by T3 is at a transcriptional level. Bromodeoxyuridine incorporation into GCT cells was not affected by T3 administration, suggesting that T3 does not cause the proliferation of these cells. In situ hybridization revealed that T3 increases EGF mRNA in GCT cells at a single cell level. These results suggest that thyroid hormone increases EGF gene transcription without affecting cellular proliferation.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Hormonal responses to head-out water immersion diminish after exposure to head-down tilt.

It has been postulated that gravitational change from 1 g to microgravity may cause cephalad fluid shift, resulting in suppression of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion and diuresis (Gauer-Henry's reflex). However, results obtained in space flights did not confirm this. Since astronauts are confined at supine position for hours before launch, this posture may abolish the reflex in space flight. To investigate this possibility, effects of head-out water immersion (WI) after 2-hour head-down tilt (HDT) on hormonal and metabolic responses were examined and compared with those after 1-hour upright posture (UP). Hematocrit decreased by WI after UP, indicating hemodilution, but it did not change by WI after HDT. Plasma ADH, renin activity and aldosterone fell and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) rose by WI after UP, resulting in increased urine flow. On the other hand, appreciable hormonal changes were not elicited by WI after HDT, and urine flow stayed unchanged. These results indicate that fluid shift and hormonal and metabolic responses to WI are strongly attenuated by the prior exposure to HDT. Pre-launch posture of astronauts may at least partly explain why either suppression of ADH or diuresis was not observed on arrival at space.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Urinary excretion of stress hormones of rats in tail-suspension.

Tail-suspension of rats has been employed for the study of disuse atrophy of hindlimb muscles and bones. From our study, it is suggested that stress exacerbates muscle and bone atrophy; however, the determination of stress hormones has been inappropriately performed. For assessing the effect of tail suspension on stress hormone secretion, suspension was performed for 7 days in a metabolic cage. Urinary excretions of corticosterone, catecholamines and antidiuretic hormone were determined during the 7-day suspension. Urine volume was unchanged during the suspension period, whereas water consumption was decreased during suspension. Urinary excretion of corticosterone and catecholamines increased significantly during the initial 3 days of suspension. The excretion of antidiuretic hormone increased throughout the suspension period. Our results demonstrated that the determination of urinary excretion of these hormones is useful for evaluating the stress reaction.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1993

[Sex determination with a discriminant function analysis of deciduous teeth size in plaster models].

Plaster models of the teeth of 3-year-old Japanese children (96 males, 98 females) were used to record the crown length, crown width and crown thickness of 5 maxillary and 5 mandibular deciduous teeth (30 measurement values). These measurements were used to devise a number of sex determination formulae. A sex-determination formula using all 30 values was calculated. Furthermore, a number of practical formulae were derived from only the crown width and crown thickness values because the deciduous teeth wear in 4 years and older children rapidly progress, making the crown length measurement unreliable. These formulae were calculated for the maxillary teeth alone and mandibular teeth alone. The formulae based on only the crown width or thickness were also calculated for both maxillary and the mandibular teeth. A step-wise discriminant analysis was then used to ascertain the most reliable measurements and a practical formula subsequently devised. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The mean value for each measurement was greater in males than in females. 2. Significant differences in the values recorded were seen in 28 out of the 30 measurements taken. The measurement items not exhibiting these significant differences were the crown width of the maxillary lateral incisor and the crown thickness of the mandibular second molar. 3. The accuracy rates for the sex-determination analysis and the step-wise sex determination analysis calculated using all 30 values were 78.6% and 75.7%, respectively. 4. The accuracy ranges for the modified sex-determination formulae and the associated step-wise sex determination analyses were 70.6-78.4% and 67.0-76.8%, respectively.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1993

Osteosarcoma with deeply eosinophilic rhabdomyoblast cells in a lung metastatic focus. A case report.

In a ten-year-old boy with left femoral osteosarcoma, the diagnosis of osteosarcoma was established through bone biopsy. Chemotherapy was administered, but episodes of recurrence and metastasis occurred. In July 1989, a second lung metastatic focus was resected. Histopathologic examination of this metastatic focus showed widespread cross-striation together with osteoid formation. A comparable case seems not to have been reported in the literature.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1993

Immuno-reactive human epidermal growth factor (h-EGF) in rheumatoid synovial fluids.

The immuno-reactive human epidermal growth factor (h-EGF) level, measured by a sensitive enzyme immunoassay, was significantly higher in synovial fluids or synovial tissue extracts from 89 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) than in those from 53 patients with osteoarthritis. RA synovial immuno-reactive h-EGF was predominantly of a low molecular weight form (LMW h-EGF) on gel filtration chromatography. Furthermore, in the RA group, the synovial immuno-reactive h-EGF correlated positively with C-reactive protein, an acute-phase reactant, in the blood examination and with synovial immunoglobulin M. These results suggest that synovial h-EGF is specifically produced by RA synovium from the initial stage of arthritis, and that the measurement of synovial h-EGF serves as an early indicator to appraise the RA activity. A pathogenesis of RA including growth factors and growth inhibitory factors are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Collagen and alkaline phosphatase gene expression during bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-induced cartilage and bone differentiation.

Endochondral bone formation induced by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) involves expression of collagen Types I and II and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) genes. Expression of these genes was studied in mice after implantation of BMP. The amount of Type I collagen mRNA increased from Day 3 to Day 7, when mesenchymal cell aggregation was observed. On Day 17, Type I collagen mRNA expression was correlated with an increased number of osteoblasts. Type II collagen mRNA increased from Day 7 and coincided with chondroblast appearance. This increase was suppressed by Day 17, although hypertrophic and degenerative chondrocytes were present. Alkaline phosphatase mRNA increased markedly from Day 7 with the appearance of chondroblasts. The high level of ALP mRNA continued until Day 11, during chondrogenesis. Mineral deposition was first observed roentgenographically on Day 11. Thus, BMP-induced bone formation occurs with the expression of collagen Types I and II and ALP genes.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1992

Scanning electron microscopy of endometriotic lesions in the pelvic peritoneum and the histogenesis of endometriosis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the epithelium of an endometriotic lesion has eutopic endometrial glandular epithelium morphology or not for the histogenesis of endometriosis. METHOD: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the endometrium was done for 25 cases. Histologically proven endometriotic lesions of 10 of these 25 cases were processed for SEM. Peroneum samples of another 15 cases without histological endometriosis were also studied. RESULT: Three of 10 cases with histologically proven endometriotic lesions revealed endometrium-like morphology by SEM, whereas normal appearing peritoneum without histological endometriosis in 15 cases showed no endometrium-like structures by SEM. CONCLUSION: Although abovementioned results did not support retrograde menstruation and implantation, they suggested a possibility of derivation from the endometrium.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Modification of water and electrolyte metabolism during head-down tilting by hypoglycemia in men.

The effect of hypoglycemic stress on the changes in water and electrolyte metabolism induced by head-down tilting (HDT) was studied. Six healthy men were subjected to postural changes (30 min standing, 2 h HDT, 1 h standing), with or without the intravenous administration of insulin at the beginning of HDT. When insulin was not given, antidiuretic hormone (ADH), cortisol, plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone, and catecholamine levels were decreased and atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP) levels increased during HDT. These changes were associated with 2.5- and 1.5-fold increases in urine flow and sodium excretion, respectively, when compared with the amounts before HDT. On the other hand, insulin-induced hypoglycemia during HDT produced increases in ADH, cortisol, PRA, aldosterone, and catecholamine levels. At the same time, an exaggerated ANP response by HDT was observed. These hormonal changes were associated with an abolishment of the increases in urine flow and sodium excretion. It is suggested that acute stress modifies the changes in fluid and electrolyte metabolism induced by HDT.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The effect of thyroid hormone on fibronectin messenger ribonucleic acid levels in primary cultured rat hepatocytes.

Our previous in vivo studies demonstrated that thyroid hormone promotes the expression of the fibronectin (FN) gene in the rat liver, while it inhibits the synthesis in cultured human skin fibroblasts. These results can be interpreted as either different regulation of FN synthesis or gene expression among tissues, or divergent results of experiments performed in vivo or in vitro. Here we report on the action of thyroid hormone on FN gene expression in vitro using primary cultured hepatocytes compared to that in cultured skin fibroblasts. Hepatocytes were isolated from hypothyroid rats and were cultured in medium supplemented with thyroidectomized bovine serum (TxBS) or fetal bovine serum (FBS). T3 was added 2 or 24 h after plating, and cells were harvested after 2, 6, or 24 h. Total RNA was extracted, and mRNAs for rat FN and albumin were measured. The requirement of de novo protein synthesis for thyroid hormone-mediated induction of FN mRNA was examined by the addition of cycloheximide 15 min before T3 addition. The amount of FN mRNA significantly decreased in the hepatocytes cultured with TxBS compared with those cultured with FBS. The addition of T3 to TxBS resulted in the restoration of FN mRNA to the level in hepatocytes cultured in FBS. FN mRNA increased during the course of culture in the absence of T3; however, a further increase was observed 6 h after T3 addition. The abundance of albumin RNA decreased during the course of culture, but unlike FN mRNA, it was not changed by T3 addition. The increase in FN mRNA by T3 was not influenced by cycloheximide. These results indicate that thyroid hormone enhances FN gene expression in hepatocytes by its direct action without requiring de novo protein synthesis. In contrast, T3 decreased FN mRNA in cultured skin fibroblasts. Thus, the mode of thyroid hormone action on FN gene expression is different among tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent pathway is responsible for a rapid increase in c-fos messenger ribonucleic acid by adrenocorticotropin.

ACTH rapidly and transiently increases c-fos mRNA in the rat adrenals in vivo. The present investigation was undertaken in order to determine what kind(s) of second messenger systems is involved in this increase. Rat adrenal cells were grown in monolayers in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. After 2 days of culture, cells were treated with ACTH and various agents alone or in combination. The amount of c-fos mRNA was determined by dot blot hybridization and corticosterone levels in the media were measured by RIA. ACTH (300 pg/ml) increased c-fos mRNA transiently with a peak level after 60 min. A similar increase was observed when (Bu)2cAMP (1 mM) was substituted for ACTH. Pretreatment with N-[2-(p-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]-5-isoquinoline-sulfonamide (H-89), a selective inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, suppressed both basal and ACTH-increased c-fos mRNA. H-89 also suppressed corticosterone production. On the other hand, neither 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (100 ng/ml) nor elevated potassium ion (50 mM) affected the amount of c-fos mRNA and corticosterone production. Furthermore, pretreatment with cycloheximide (5 micrograms/ml) increased both basal and ACTH-increased c-fos mRNA. These results indicate that ACTH increases c-fos mRNA by phosphorylation of preexisting trans-acting factor(s) via cAMP-dependent protein kinase in common with steroidogenesis.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1992

An additional carbohydrate chain in the variant thyroxine-binding globulin-Gary (TBGAsn-96) impairs its secretion.

The T4-binding globulin-Gary (TBG-G) variant has severely impaired T4 binding, is unstable at 37 C, and presents an apparent anodal shift of all isoforms when submitted to isoelectric focusing. Inheritance of this abnormal TBG produces a profound decrease in the serum levels of native TBG with reciprocal changes in its denatured form, causing thyroid hormone concentrations to be as low as those found in complete TBG deficiency. The TBG-G gene possesses a single nucleotide substitution replacing the normal IIe96 (ATC) with Asn (AAC), thus creating a new site for N-linked glycosylation. In order to determine whether TBG-G contains an additional carbohydrate chain as indirectly suggested by the isoelectric focusing results, cDNAs containing the normal TBG (TBG-N), and TBG-G were inserted in the appropriate vectors to allow their expression in mammalian cells (COS-1) and in amphibian (Xenopus) oocytes. In both systems, expression of TBG-G yielded a larger molecule than TBG-N when analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions. However, both were identical in size when synthesized in COS-1 cells in the presence of tunicamycin or when deglycosylated after their synthesis in Xenopus oocytes. Pulse chase experiments revealed impaired secretion and excessive overall intracellular degradation of TBG-G relative to TBG-N. As expected from studies on serum from affected subjects, in vitro expressed TBG-G had a 10-fold lower affinity for T4. These studies prove that the new site for potential glycosylation created by the point mutation in TBG-G is indeed glycosylated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

ACTH increases expression of c-fos, c-jun and beta-actin genes in the dexamethasone-treated rat adrenals.

Our recent finding that ACTH increases c-fos mRNA in the adrenal gland of hypophysectomized rats indicates that the gene product FOS may play an important role(s) in mediating the action of ACTH. However, hypophysectomy employed in that study causes the disappearance of trophic hormones other than ACTH and may modify the effect of ACTH. Thus, in the present investigation, dexamethasone-treated rats were used. Since FOS functions only when it dimerizes with JUN (the product of c-jun gene), the changes in the levels of c-fos and c-jun mRNAs were studied together with that of beta-actin mRNA which is also affected by ACTH. Northern blot analysis was employed to determine the mRNA levels. It was demonstrated that ACTH increases the mRNAs coding c-fos and c-jun in the adrenal glands of dexamethasone-treated, ACTH-suppressed rats. The c-fos mRNA was not detectable before ACTH administration. After ACTH administration, the mRNA levels were transiently increased, the maximum level being observed at 30 min after ACTH. At 180 min post ACTH, the level returned to the unstimulated level. The mRNA coding c-jun was detectable before ACTH administration and it also increased rapidly after ACTH with maximal stimulation at 30 min. However, the mRNA level at 180 min post ACTH was still higher than the unstimulated level. The changes in beta-actin mRNA were approximately the same as those of c-jun mRNA. These results suggest that increased expression of c-fos, c-jun and beta-actin genes by ACTH may play an important role in mediating its action on the adrenals.

Actins↗