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Biomedical subjects

N Malhotra

Publications and source records attributed to N Malhotra.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Port site metastasis subsequent to laparoscopy for chronic pelvic pain.

We present an interesting case of port site metastasis is a menopausal women subsequent to diagnostic laparoscopy undertaken for chronic pelvic pain, which later proved early ovarian malignancy as the source of primary. While cases of port site metastasis have mostly occurred after extensive disease the possbility of such complication should be in mind at laparoscopy of early cancer.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed2000

Endogenous airway acidification. Implications for asthma pathophysiology.

Airway concentrations of many reactive nitrogen and oxygen species are high in asthma. The stability and bioactivities of these species are pH-dependent; however, the pH of the airway during acute asthma has not previously been studied. As with gastric and urinary acidification, asthmatic airway acidification could be expected dramatically to alter the concentrations and bioactivities/cytotoxicities of endogenous nitrogen oxides. Here, we demonstrate that the pH of deaerated exhaled airway vapor condensate is over two log orders lower in patients with acute asthma (5.23 +/- 0.21, n = 22) than in control subjects (7.65 +/- 0.20, n = 19, p < 0. 001) and normalizes with corticosteroid therapy. Values are highly reproducible, unaffected by salivary or therapeutic artifact, and identical to samples taken directly from the lower airway. Further, at these low pH values, the endogenous airway compound, nitrite, is converted to nitric oxide (NO) in quantities sufficient largely to account for the concentrations of NO in asthmatic expired air, and eosinophils undergo accelerated necrosis. We speculate that airway pH may be an important determinant of expired NO concentration and airway inflammation, and suggest that regulation of airway pH has a previously unsuspected role in asthma pathophysiology.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1999

A controlled trial of alternative methods of oral feeding in neonates.

BACKGROUND: Some neonatal units are introducing use of cup and traditional feeding devices for feeding young infants although they have been not been evaluated objectively. Hence this controlled trial of the use of the bottle, cup and a traditional feeding device ('paladai') was undertaken in neonates. METHOD: The study comprised of 100 infants including full-term normal weight infants (n = 66), term growth retarded infants (n = 20), and preterm infants (n = 14). All three methods were tried on every infant by the same nurse for a particular baby, so that each infant served as his/her control and in order to avoid the effect of major influencing factors. Parameters evaluated were the volume ingested, duration of the feed, degree of spilling and satiety. RESULTS: The infants took the maximum volume in the least time and kept quiet longest with the paladai. The findings were particularly significant in the group including all the categories of infants. Spilling was the highest with the cup, especially with preterm infants.

Feeding Methods↗
PubMed1997

Role of hysteroscopy in infertile women.

The diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic value of hysteroscopy were evaluated in 32 infertile women aged 21-35 years who underwent the procedure as part of their infertility evaluation. In 19 cases (59.4%) visually recognisable abnormalities were detected on hysteroscopy. These included intra-uterine adhesion (25%), submucous fibroid (9.4%), endometrial atrophy (9.4%), uterine septum (6.1%) and muellerian fusion defect (6.1%). The results of hysterosalpingography corresponded with hysteroscopy in 56.2% cases with a false positive of 30.7% for hysterosalpingography over hysteroscopy, and a false negative of 52.6%. Adhesion, fibroid and uterine septum accurately diagnosed were treated under hysteroscopic visualisation in the same sitting.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Granulomatous hepatitis: a retrospective study.

51 cases of granulomatous hepatitis were seen among 1234 liver biopsies over a 10 year period. Tuberculosis was the commonest cause seen in 55 percent of cases. Other causes included leprosy, sarcoidosis, histoplasmosis, brucellosis, amoebic liver abscess, lymphoma and malignant granuloma. 12 percent of cases remained undiagnosed. Clinically these patients presented with pyrexia and hepatosplenomegaly. Jaundice was uncommon. Many showed elevated alkaline phosphatase levels, anaemia and raised ESR Granulomatous hepatitis of unknown aetiology with FUO was seen in 6 percent cases only.

Granuloma↗
PubMed1993

The energy and nutrient intakes of different types of vegetarian: a case for supplements?

Vegetarians of three types were studied in Greater London: thirty-four meat-avoiders, fifty-two lacto-ovo-vegetarians, and thirty-eight vegans. Weighed dietary intake measures were made over 3 d. Cereals were the mainstay of the diet, supplemented by dairy products (demi-vegetarians and lacto-ovo-vegetarians), vegetables and fruit, and soya-bean products (vegans). Many vegans progressed by stages to complete avoidance of animal foods; some had retreated, but most were highly committed. Demi-vegetarians were the least involved in a 'vegetarian lifestyle'. All groups had mean energy intakes close to the current dietary reference values (DRV), with adequate protein intakes. Only vegans had fat intakes close to current recommendations; all groups had high dietary polyunsaturated:saturated fatty acid ratios. Mean intakes of all micronutrients studied for demi- and lacto-ovo-vegetarians met the UK DRV. Intakes of iodine, riboflavin, and vitamin B12 for vegans were below DRV; more than half considered their diets supplied all necessary vitamins. About 25% took some type of dietary supplement during the survey. The impact of low I intakes should be further studied, and it is recommended that 'new' vegetarians and vegans should use appropriate dietary supplements.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Radioprotection of chick thymus by vitamin E.

One day and 7 days old male white leghorn chicks were administered vitamin E prior to their exposure to sublethal dose (2.25 Gy) of gamma radiation from 60C source. The results show that vitamin E helps in faster recovery of damage in chick thymus caused by irradiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Effect of radiation on some haematological parameters and its modification by vitamin E in chicks.

White leghorn male chicks of 1 and 7 day age groups were studied for acute (2.25 Gy) gamma radiation (with or without vit. E pretreatment) induced haematological changes in the peripheral blood at days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 28 postirradiation. A continuous decrease in the erythrocyte numbers was observed in the animals irradiated without vit. E treatment. The changes in haematocrit, haemoglobin, MCV, MCH and MCHC values were in line with the erythrocytic changes reflecting radiation induced damage to the erythroid elements. Animals pretreated with vit. E show lesser depression in the erythrocytic component at all the stages indicating its radio-protective influence. The significant increase in the immature RBC's in the peripheral blood in vit. E treated animals after irradiation, implies enhanced erythropoiesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Acetyl eugenol, a component of oil of cloves (Syzygium aromaticum L.) inhibits aggregation and alters arachidonic acid metabolism in human blood platelets.

In continuation of our studies with the oil of cloves--a common kitchen spice and a crude drug for home medicine--we have isolated yet another active component identified as acetyl eugenol (AE); the earlier reported active component being eugenol. The isolated material (IM) was found to be a potent platelet inhibitor; IM abolished arachidonate (AA)-induced aggregation at ca. 12 microM, a concentration needed to abolish the second phase of adrenaline-induced aggregation. Chemically synthesized acetyl eugenol showed similar effects on AA- and adrenaline-induced aggregation. A dose-dependent inhibition of collagen-induced aggregation was also observed. AE did not inhibit either calcium ionophore A23187- or thrombin-induced aggregation. Studies on aggregation and ATP release were done using whole blood (WB). AA-induced aggregation in WB was abolished at 3 micrograms/ml (14.6 microM) which persisted even after doubling the concentration of AA. ATP release was inhibited. Inhibition of aggregation appeared to be mediated by a combination of two effects: reduced formation of thromboxane and increased generation of 12-lipoxygenase product (12-HPETE). These effects were observed by exposing washed platelets to (14C)AA or by stimulating AA-labelled platelets with ionophore A23187. Acetyl eugenol inhibited (14C)TxB2 formation in AA-labelled platelets on stimulation with thrombin. AE showed no effect on the incorporation of AA into platelet phospholipids.

Acylation↗