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Biomedical subjects

N M Smith

Publications and source records attributed to N M Smith.

64 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Medullary ray nodule of the kidney.

In this short report we describe three preterm infants who died within the first 8 months of life (corrected age). All presented similar histological features within the kidney, showing medullary ray nodules composed of tubules lined by low columnar epithelium with clear cytoplasm. The immunohistochemical profile of these lesions was identical and suggested origin from distal convoluted tubule or collecting duct. The aim of this report is to draw attention to this entity and to suggest a possible origin of these lesions.

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of a lactate dehydrogenase-nitro blue tetrazolium method of detecting unapparent myocardial infarction using a standardised sampling technique.

Using a standardised block technique, the microscopic lactate dehydrogenase-nitro blue tetrazolium (LDH-nitro BT) and conventional haematoxylin and eosin staining methods were used to investigate the presence of myocardial infarction in a series of fifty forensic autopsies. The microscopic LDH-nitro BT method was found to be reliable; however, it did not reveal the presence of myocardial infarction in any of the cases where this had not been suspected.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Academic misconduct among nursing students: a multivariate investigation.

The purpose of the study was to determine the degree to which several independent variables correlate with perceived instance of academic misconduct among nursing students. Maslow's Need-Goal Motivation Model served as the guiding framework for the study. It was postulated that nursing students' perceptions of their peers' maturity, academic commitment, and neutralizing attitude would be correlated with perceptions of their peers' involvement in various forms of academic misconduct. Results indicated a moderately high degree of correlation exists among the variables (Function I Rc2 = 0.325; p < .001).

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of the incidence of cytomegalovirus inclusion bodies in submandibular and tracheobronchial glands in SIDS and non-SIDS autopsies.

Submandibular salivary glands and tracheobronchial glands from postmortem examinations of 89 cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and 67 age-matched control cases in which death was not due to SIDS were examined for the presence of intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusions characteristic of cytomegalovirus (CMV). Inclusions were identified by light microscopy and confirmed by immunohistochemistry in submandibular glands of 5 of 89 (5.6%) SIDS and 6 of 67 (8.9%) non-SIDS patients. No inclusions were found in tracheobronchial glands. No further cases were detected following immunoperoxidase studies and examination of multiple levels of inflamed submandibular glands. Brain stem glial knots were found in only one case with CMV inclusions, which was a non-SIDS case with death due to congenital immunodeficiency. We have found no difference in the incidence of CMV inclusions in the submandibular gland between SIDS and age-matched non-SIDS infants. No strong association between CMV inclusions in salivary gland and brain stem glial knots was present.

Biomarkers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intraduct papillomatosis of the breast in a peripubertal male.

A 13-year-old boy presented with right-sided gynecomastia. Histological examination of the excised specimen revealed distention of ducts by papillary configurations of proliferating epithelium. The boy had no known family history of breast disease and physical examination revealed minor dysmorphic features, but a karyotype was normal. The possible relationship of this lesion to other proliferative lesions described in the pubertal male breast is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage associated with fatal outcome in infancy and early childhood: an autopsy study of 52 cases.

Clinicopathological details of 52 cases of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (TAPVD) taken from pediatric autopsy files from hospitals in Adelaide (Australia) Oxford and Edinburgh (United Kingdom) between 1957 and 1990 are presented. The patients ranged in age from a stillborn girl to a 15-month-old boy, with 42 cases (81%) dying in the first 3 months of life. While many patients had signs of a congenital cardiovascular anomaly prior to death, including tachypnea, tachycardia, central cyanosis, cardiac failure, heart murmurs, and difficulty in feeding, it was noteworthy that eight patients (16%) presented as sudden and unexpected death in the absence of significant antemortem symptoms and signs. Anomalous pulmonary venous drainage was also unsuspected prior to death in a total of 26 cases (53%) of those where relevant history was available (49 cases). Twelve infants (23%) underwent surgical correction, none of whom survived more than several weeks. TAPVD was isolated in 30 cases (58%) and was associated with other cardiac or congenital anomalies in 22 patients (42%). Just under half of nonisolated cases comprised the asplenia-heterotaxy syndrome. The points of drainage of the anomalous pulmonary veins were to the infradiaphragmatic veins (n = 21, 40%), left innominate vein (n = 13, 25%), coronary sinus (n = 7, 13%), right superior vena cava (n = 4, 8%), inferior vena cava above the diaphragm (n = 2, 4%), right innominate vein (n = 2, 4%), mixed left innominate vein and coronary sinus (n = 1, 2%), azygos vein (n = 1, 2%), and mixed right superior vena cava and left hemiazygos vein (n = 1, 2%). Twenty-three of 47 cases (49%) that were specifically examined revealed obstruction of the pulmonary veins or pulmonary hypertensive vascular changes on histology. These results emphasize that TAPVD needs to be excluded at autopsy as a causal factor in cases of sudden infant death even in the absence of antemortem symptoms and signs. Clues at autopsy include abnormal mobility of the heart, visceral situs inversus, and polyasplenia. The diversity of pulmonary-systemic venous anastomoses necessitates careful in situ dissection above and below the diaphragm and consideration of postmortem angiography.

Autopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fetal rhabdomyoma: two instances of recurrence.

A congenital fetal rhabdomyoma was removed from the neck of a male infant on the second day of life. The lesion recurred 10 years later with histological features suggestive of increased differentiation and no evidence of malignant transformation. An unrelated patient of 3 years suffered from a recurrent fetal rhabdomyoma 4 months after the initial resection. The possibility of early or late recurrence must be considered when a diagnosis of fetal-type rhabdomyoma is made.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of respiratory syncytial virus nucleic acid in archival postmortem tissue from infants.

Archival lung tissue from 99 cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and from 58 matched comparison cases with known causes of death was studied. Sections were examined by in situ hybridization (ISH) using a cocktail of three synthetic oligonucleotides with sequences chosen from the published sequence of the nucleoprotein gene of respiratory syncytial virus (RS virus). The oligonucleotides were end-labelled with dinitrophenyl (DNP) or digoxigenin (DIG) and hybrids were detected immunocytochemically. RS virus nucleic acid was detected in 24 cases of SIDS (24%) and in 11 (19%) of the comparison group. Specificity was confirmed using a DIG-labeled cloned probe covering the whole of the nucleoprotein gene sequence. With one exception, the same results were obtained. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to confirm the specificity of these results. When matched for age and month and year of death, 76 SIDS cases and 38 controls could be compared. Twenty-one SIDS cases (27.6%) and seven comparison cases (18.4%) contained detectable RS virus sequences by ISH, with a higher detection rate in winter in both groups. The differences were not significant and reflected the seasonal pattern of RS virus infection in the community rather than a causal relationship of RS virus with SIDS. Detection of RS viral mRNA through the summer months suggests that persistence is possible.

Autopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytogenetics of an atypical Spitz nevus metastatic to a single lymph node.

Clinicopathologic details of an atypical Spitz nevus are reported. A metastasis to a single ipsilateral lymph node is documented. Cytogenetic analysis of the metastatic lesion revealed a clonal chromosomal abnormality, add(6)(q12-13), previously noted in cases of malignant melanoma.

Chromosome Aberrations↗