Improved sinus node sensing after atropine.
Although atropine is known to increase sinus rate through its vagolytic effect, the effects of atropine on sinus node sensing are unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate alterations in sinus node sensing produced by atropine. Measurement of the zone of sinus node reset and sinoatrial conduction time was performed in 10 patients by programmed premature atrial stimulation. The zone of sinus node reset was determined as the transition point where premature atrial stimuli were followed by a less than compensatory pause. Sinoatrial conduction time was calculated from sinus node return cycles in the area where sinus node reset occurred. Atropine administration produced a significant increase in the percentage of the sinus cycle length at which premature atrial contractions penetrated and reset the sinus node. Sinus node reset occurred at a mean percentage of the sinus cycle of 71 +/- 8 per cent before atropine and 83 +/- 5 per cent after atropine (P less 0.01). The sinoatrial conduction time was significantly reduced from 109 +/- 29 to 62 +/- 23 msec. (P less than 0.01) from atropine as sinus cycle length was reduced from 909 +/- 118 to 642 +/- 75 msec. after atropine. Sinus node echoes were observed in two patients. In one patient atropine abolished the appearance of sinus node echoes. In the second patient atropine reduced the coupling interval necessary to produce sinus node echoes but appeared to facilitate sinus node re-entry by the appearance of an additional sinus node echo and a reduction in the echo cycle length. This study demonstrates that atropine produces significant improvement of sinus node sensing in man.