Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to N Levi.
The incidence of Garden 1 + 2 and Garden 3 + 4 cervical hip fractures was studied in Copenhagen. The total incidence was 1.32 fractures per 1,000 inhabitants per year. A decrease in incidence in the oldest patients was found in the Garden 1 + 2 group.
Atherosclerotic aneurysms of the deep femoral artery are very rare. We report the first 2 published Scandinavian cases. Both were present in elderly smoking men. They presented with acute local pain, swelling and circulatory collapse. Ultrasonography and angiography demonstrated femoral aneurysm but it was only at operation that the relation to the deep femoral artery was established. Simple ligation of the deep femoral artery was performed in one case. The other patient had a 6 mm PTFE graft interpositioned. Both made an uneventful recovery.
Based on a clinical suspicion of an increase in the proportion of deep femoral aneurysms, we reviewed the case records of patients who underwent reconstructive procedures for femoral aneurysms to investigate if this could be confirmed and explained by selection of patient or modality of diagnosis. A study was made of 17 atherosclerotic femoral aneurysms operations occurring in 17 patients from 1989 to 1994. Eleven associated aneurysms were found. Eleven patients presented with an expanding swelling, 4 with rupture 3 with thrombosis and 2 were asymptomatic. Fourteen aneurysms involved the common femoral artery and 3 the deep femoral artery. The proportion of deep femoral aneurysm was therefore 3/17 = 18%. Previous series report that aneurysms of the profunda femoris artery occurs in only 1% to 2.6% of all femoral artery aneurysms. No explanation was found for this significant increase (p < 0.05).
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A consecutive series of 92 patients had their greater saphenous vein assessed with duplex ultrasound scanning prior to planned infrainguinal bypass procedures. A naturally occurring optimal vein diameter was discovered. It was significantly correlated with higher postoperative ankle-brachial pressure index (ABI) and lesser early postoperative thrombosis. A significant linear regression was found between the pre and postoperative vein diameter.
Immature rats of the Wistar strain were used for the experiments. The treatment was administrated on the 35, 36, 37th day after delivery. The animals were divided into 4 groups. The first group received only saline solution, the second group were treated with reserpine, the third group with estradiole, and the forth group with both reserpine and estradiole. The animals were sacrificed on the 38th day after delivery. There was a statistically significant increase in the weight of the uterus and the ovaries after treatment with estradiole alone, and the same was observed for the group treated with reserpine and estradiole. The latter showed less increase in the uterine weight, which might be due to an impairment of estradiole synthesis caused by reserpine. The wight of the adrenal glands of the immature female rats was increased after treatment with estradiole and reserpine. This implies an involvement of the adrenergic system in the interaction between estradiole and testosterone in immature rats.
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A consecutive series of fractures of the femoral neck treated with sliding screw and plate osteosynthesis were evaluated radiographically for the optimal position of the screw by use of migration indices. A naturally occurring optimal position of the screw was discovered. It was characterized by four positional indices in the head-neck region which were significantly correlated with minimal migration (or best stability). This optimal screw position gave a better prognostication of reduced risk of early fracture failure compared with the usual sectional division of the femoral head as indicator of screw position.
Overhanging margins of proximal restorations are a well-known, iatrogenic cause of periodontal pathology. The high incidence of such findings in Western societies should arose the concern of the dental community. However, overhanging margins represent only part of the iatrogenic problem created by the misuse of wedges in restorative procedures. Other causes include incorrect proximal contouring, inadequate contact points and under- or overfilling the restorative material. The understanding of the variables associated with wedge selection and positioning has a major role to play in the prevention of iatrogenic periodontal pathology associated with restorative procedures. It is concluded that: (i) the occlusion of the matrix band to the remaining healthy tooth structure of the gingival cavosurface line angle should be achieved solely by the correct application of the wedges; (ii) the effect of the wedges on the proximal contour and contact area should be carefully re-evaluated prior to insertion of the restorative material; (iii) various sizes and shapes of wedges and a sharp knife for carving must be readily available.
The use of spray-producing instruments in the dental clinic continuously creates a potentially harmful contamination of the room environment. In the present study a 13.5-kV corona discharge ionizing generator was used in order to investigate the effect of ions on the microbial air pollution of the dental clinic. Samples of microbial air population were collected in 9-cm-diameter plates containing either Bacto-Brain Heart Infusion Agar or Bacto-Mitis Salivarius Agar and exposed to different time periods in various locations of an active dental clinic. Microbial air levels in the dental clinic were significantly reduced with the generator (by 40-50%). The data suggest that the ionizing generator can be used to reduce the microbial air pollution within the dental clinic, thus reducing the environmental hazard of infections to the staff.
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From 1975 to 1981, 12 gastric tube oesophagoplasties were performed in our institute for long-gap oesophageal atresias. All cases of the series, but one, have been reconstructed by means of a distally based tube. The authors discuss the criteria of choice of gastric tube and describe all the results of a clinical follow-up conducted in 9 cases, two to eight years after successful surgery. Height and weight patterns, in particular, show a fully satisfactory growth for all gastric tube children.
In 1982 a programme of multi-disciplinary follow-up on 12 patients that underwent a gastric tube oesophagoplasty for long-gap oesophageal atresia was started. Radiological examination, performed on all gastric tubes but one (died a few days after surgery), assessed the morphology and dynamics of gastric tube, either distally or proximally based, and stomach 2 to 8 years after surgery. Endoscopic backward exploration was performed on 7 cases, to allow a closer analysis of stomach, gastric tube mucosa and upper oesophageal stump, demonstrating that the gastric transplant is viable and almost undamaged. No evidence of oesophagitis of the proximal stump was found. Histological stainings on biopsy specimens and on sections from one post-mortem examination, showed a mild degree of dystrophy in gastric tube mucosa, progressively shading into proper gastric mucosa. No evidence of a progressive change for the worse was found in any of the 7 tubes controlled.
Phototherapy (PT) has been reported to increase bile acid excretion in the bile of adults with liver cirrhosis. We investigated the effect of PT on the levels of serum total bile acids (STBA), conjugated cholic acid (CCA), conjugated chenodeoxycholic acid (CCDCA), conjugated lithocholic acid (CLCA), and sulfolithocholylglycine (SLCG) in 13 neonates with unconjugated nonhemolytic hyperbilirubinemia before and after 12 h of PT. The treatment produced a statistically significant (p less than 0.02) reduction in both STBA and CCA levels, whereas no effect on the other fractions was observed. The percentage of reduction was the same for STBA and CCA concentrations, indicating that the effect is related to a specific reduction in CCA levels. The magnitude of the expected decrease in the level of serum bilirubin is not correlated with that in bile acids in individual cases. The data are interpreted as suggesting that PT can affect the metabolism of bile acids by decreasing STBA and CCA levels in neonates through an increase in their biliary excretion associated with the reduced intestinal absorption of CCA occurring in newborns.
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