Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

N Kuroda

Publications and source records attributed to N Kuroda.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Relationship between occlusal interference and hearing ability].

Clicking sounds are one of the symptoms that appear in the temporomandibular joint dysfunction at a high rate. But they are sometimes found in healthy subjects also, so that clicking sounds are seldom recognized as an pathologic condition. Study reports on clicking sounds in the past concentrated mainly on their cause, process of their appearance and their spectral properties. These studies were, however, all based on the understanding that clicking sounds were a kind of symptom or signals that accompanied the unbalanced jaw relationship. They did not examine pathologic conditions or functional change caused by the very existence of clicking sounds. This author has been reporting on the influence of clicking sounds on hearing abilities. This time the author considered it necessary to study the cause for rise of the hearing level of the clicking subjects in relation to the unbalanced positions of their jaws. The author therefore examined the relationship between the phases of occlusal contact and hearing abilities of the clicking subjects. From the results, we obtained the following conclusions: 1. As for the frequency of appearance of clicking sounds, 28 out of the 175 healthy subjects (aged either 21 or 22) had clicking sounds on one side, accounting for 16.0%, at the hazard rate of 1%. There was no differences between the sexes and between the right and left sides. 2. Of the 37 subjects, the cases in which the centric position fall on the intercuspal position were only three among the 17 non-clicking subjects (Group I), accounting for 17.6% and none, among the 20 clicking subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Audiometry, Pure-Tone↗
PubMed1990

Determination of glycated hemoglobins of cadaveric blood: a study involving the use of affinity chromatography with m-amino phenyl boronic acid.

For a postmortem diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM), the applicability of achieving a determination by examining the glycated hemoglobins (GHb) is discussed. Experimental studies by the use of affinity chromatography with m-amino phenyl boronic acid-agarose revealed that the GHb values could be determined stably and could be reproduced even for some postmortem models of both non-diabetic and diabetic human blood. A subsequent survey of autopsy cases with a proper past DM medical history has suggested that this method is useful, especially when used with customary medicolegal examinations conducted for DM.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Cardiovascular and pupillary light reflexes in subjects with abnormal glucose tolerance.

It is well known that in diabetes mellitus autonomic neuropathy frequently develops. This is usually determined by the cardiovascular reflex. Furthermore, even in borderline cases that have not become overt diabetes, we have already reported the presence of autonomic neuropathy as assessed by the pupillary light reflex. However, a relationship between the impairments of the cardiovascular and pupillary light reflexes is not clear, especially in people with abnormal glucose tolerance. In the present study diabetics were divided into three groups according to the results of their cardiac beat-to-beat variation (BBV) tests and Schellong tests; group I had no abnormality of these cardiovascular reflexes, group II had abnormal BBV scores and normal Schellong test scores, and group III had abnormal responses to both tests. People with borderline diabetes (B-DM) were free from any impairment of their cardiovascular reflexes. We examined their pupillary light reflexes. Age-matched non-diabetics were also studied as a control. The following results were obtained. (1) Compared to controls, (a) diabetics, but not borderline diabetics, had smaller pupils before photic stimulation (A1) and lower maximum dilatation velocities (VD). These illustrate sympathetic function; (b) diabetics and borderline diabetics had lower amplitudes of constriction (A3) and maximum constriction velocities (VC). These illustrate parasympathetic function; (c) borderline diabetics and those diabetics belonging to group III experienced a lower pupillary constriction rate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of dimethylthiourea on syngeneic rodent islet transplantation.

We studied the effects of a hydroxyl radical scavenger, dimethylthiourea (DMTU), on syngeneic islet grafts. Six hundred fresh islets taken from two Wistar rats were transplanted intraportally into other Wistar rats made diabetic with streptozotocin. DMTU was given to five recipients intraperitoneally for a month while nine controls received only intraperitoneal saline. The DMTU-treated group had significantly lower fasting plasma glucose levels at 1.5, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 7, 9 and 11 weeks and had higher mean fasting body weights between the 2.5th week and their eventual sacrifice. Their islets also survived significantly longer than did those of the controls (73.6 +/- 3.4 vs. 21.6 +/- 9.4 days). This suggests that oxygen free radical production endangers graft survival and that the hydroxyl radical scavenger DMTU protects syngeneic islet grafts.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Pupillary light reflex in borderline diabetes mellitus.

It is well known that in diabetes mellitus the early phase insulin release response to glucose becomes blunted. Besides, autonomic neuropathy develops frequently. The autonomic nerve function is related to insulin release in normal subjects. Therefore, in the present study the autonomic function was investigated in different degrees of the early phase insulin release response to glucose loading in borderline diabetes mellitus (B-DM) as well as the early stage of diabetes mellitus (E-DM). In our study the pupillary light reflex seemed to be more sensitive for the detection of autonomic neuropathy than the cardiac beat-to-beat variation in B-DM and E-DM. The light reflex, therefore, was used and the following results were obtained. (1) Autonomic neuropathy was detected even in B-DM, though it was slighter than in E-DM. (2) The parasympathetic nerve appeared to be impaired more than the sympathetic in B-DM and this was especially the case in subjects with relatively good insulin release response. Therefore, the suppression of the early phase insulin release in B-DM may be caused by this autonomic neuropathy already present. (3) In B-DM with reduced insulin release autonomic neuropathy seemed to be more advanced and it became more remarkable in E-DM. Particularly the sympathetic abnormality was loaded in this regard. These observations suggest that it is necessary to consider an involvement of autonomic nerve dysfunction for the understanding of the pathogenesis of B-DM.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Accommodation power determined with transient pattern visual evoked cortical potentials in diabetes.

Changes of accommodation power by aging were measured with pattern reversal visual evoked cortical potentials (VECPs) in 45 normal subjects and 32 patients suffering from diabetes mellitus. Transient VECPs were recorded by increasing minus power lenses in front of the eye at one-diopter steps, up to the point where no VECP was recordable. It was found that the amplitude of the P100 component became attenuated linearly with increased accommodation stimulus. The regression line was calculated from the VECP amplitude vs. accommodation stimulus plots (in diopters) and the objective accommodation was determined by extrapolating the line to 0 microV amplitude. The measured accommodation power with pattern VECPs was attenuated significantly in the normal group over 40 years old and in diabetics, and also was found to be larger by approximately 2.5 diopters than that obtained subjectively by the near-point rule.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1989

Acute aortic dissection due to giant cell arteritis. Report of two autopsy cases.

Two autopsy cases of giant cell arteritis with aortic dissection are reported. One patient was an 87-year-old man, and the other was an 80-year-old woman. In both cases the patient died suddenly, and fatal pericardial bleeding due to the aortic dissection was revealed at autopsy. Histologically, marked inflammation with giant cells was observed in the wall of the aorta and in other arteries including the cranial arteries. The authors therefore consider that giant cell arteritis was one of the preceding lesions that culminated in aortic dissection.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Coronary aneurysms in a young adult: report of a case suspected of Kawasaki disease.

An autopsy case of coronary aneurysm was reported. The patient, a 23-year-old Japanese man, suddenly fell unconscious during a karate match and died an hour later. The autopsy revealed coronary aneurysms, one of which was accompanied by thrombosis. Histologically, the aneurysmal walls showed marked scar formation and intimal thickening and the state was regarded as healed arteritis. By taking a precise history from his parents, Kawasaki disease was thought to be the probable cause of the coronary aneurysms.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies on mucous cysts].

The present study investigated the histopathology, histochemistry of mucopolysaccharides, and immunohistochemistry of oral mucous cysts. The materials were obtained from ninety cases that were histopathologically diagnosed as oral mucous cysts at the Department of Oral Pathology, Meikai University School of Dentistry. Mucopolysaccharide staining was done with PAS, alcian blue (AB, pH 2.5) and high iron diamine (HID). Immunohistochemical studies were focused on secretory component (SC), lactoferrin (Lf), alpha-amylase (Am), IgA, lysozyme (Ly), and keratin (Kr). The following results were obtained: 1. Histopathological findings. (1) Retention and/or retention-like type cysts occurred in was twenty-six cases and the extravasation type in sixty-four cases. (2) Cases showing epithelial lining of the cystic wall were only eight in number, and many cystic walls were contained granulation tissue (fifty cases). (3) As for inflammation of the cystic wall, the degree was slight, and infiltrated cells were mainly macrophages (so-called mucinophages) and lymphocytes. (4) Regarding adjoining salivary glands, acinar cells showed atrophic changes, and hypertrophy of mucous acinar cells was evident. Many ducts showed dilatation, and stromal connective tissue showed fibrosis and hyalinization. 2. Histochemical findings on mucopolysaccharides. (1) Mucous materials in cystic cavity, mucous acinar cells, and secretory materials in ductal lumens were intensely stained by PAS and AB. But stainability with AB was less than that with PAS staining. Serous acinar cells and ductal epithelium were negative to PAS and AB staining. (2) Stainability of the above with HID was less than at with PAS or AB. Cystic walls were not stained by HID. Mucous acinar cells reactive with HID were intensely stained, but the number of the positive cells was limited when compared with the numbers of PAS-and AB-positive cells. 3. Immunohistochemical findings. (1) As for mucous materials in the cystic cavity, reactions for Sc, Am, IgA, and Ly were all positive, whereas those for Lf and Kr were negative. (2) Staining of cystic walls was generally weak: the walls were negative for IgA, Ly and Kr showed and borderline or slightly positive for Sc, Lf, and Am. (3) Mucous acinar cells were negative for all markers examined in this study, but serous acinar cells and/or demilunes were markedly positive for Sc, Ly, and Am. (4) In ductal epithelial cells, Ly and Kr were negative, but IgA was borderline or slightly positive. Sc and Am gave intensely positive staining. (5) Secretory materials in ductal lumens, Sc were intensely positive for Lf, and Ly; slightly or moderately positive for IgA; and slightly positive or negative for Am.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Glycosaminoglycans↗
PubMed1989

[Reconsideration of organ weight in Japanese (1). Heart].

The heart weight measured at medicolegal autopsies in these days are usually heavier than the data of the mean value of Japanese in textbooks and papers which were surveyed around the Second World War. As it was supposed that some improvement of the nutrition and physique since the end of the war should make the heart weight heavier, the value on 1,399 cases of medicolegal autopsy was measured and analyzed. The results revealed that the heart weight in the late of teens reaches the old value of grown-ups and the mean values of men (360 g) and women (300 g) earned by the present study are far more than those described in the former reports. It was presumed that periodic researches for the standard heart weight are indispensable in the consequence of the present study.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

[Objective assessment of senile changes in visual function by visually evoked cortical potentials].

The P100 peak latency of pattern visually evoked cortical potentials (P-VECP) was found to increase and amplitude decrease in the elderly depending on stimulus conditions. Using either of these as a criterion, changes of visual function with aging were quantitatively assessed both in humans and animals. Contrast threshold was found to increase at higher spatial frequency ranges and the luminance threshold increased more than 0.8 log unit. Also, the contrast threshold increased due to a smaller pupillary area and there was progressive decrease of the temporal frequency curves with age for lower frequency ranges of less than 10 rev/sec. In addition, a sensitivity decrease for the upper visual field was detected plus blue-yellow defects and a decrease in the amplitude of accommodation. In order to exclude the effect of senile changes of the crystalline lens, the luminance threshold, the accommodation power and color sense were investigated in pseudo-phakic eyes with a posterior chamber lens. No significant differences were found between phakic and pseudo-phakic eyes. Accordingly, it was suggested that reduced transparency and yellowish changes of the crystalline lens do not essentially contribute to the loss of function in the elderly found in the present study, but the neuronal pathway was responsible. As a clinical model of senescence, cases of juvenile parkinsonism were investigated, during L-dopa treatment and after ceasing it. The deficiency of the neural-transmitter of the higher visual pathway was indicated in the elderly, also. Animal experiments on neuronal dysfunction in rats and mice suggested no aging effects in ERGs, whereas VECP peak latency for higher temporal frequencies increased with age. The assumption that the elderly changes occur at the neuronal level was supported by a loss of optic nerve fibers in mice with age. The numbers of optic nerve fibers measured were 48,115, 50,875 in the 3-month-old and 6-month-old groups, respectively, and decreased to 43,175 in the 30-month-old group. Though our results indicated the senescence of visual function at the neuronal level, it was not as much as shown by other sensory organs. It was therefore presumed that there might be a certain feed-back system from the brain to the retina.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

A case of suicide by drowning with hesitation marks on the back.

A case of a 78-year-old woman suspected of committing suicide is reported; an analysis of the evidence suggesting that she threw herself into the river after stabbing and cutting her neck, left forearm, abdomen and back. Hesitation marks on the back are relatively rare in cases of suicide. We discuss the manner of death and assume the mode in which her injuries were inflicted.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

An improved method for the isolation of islets from the rat pancreas.

The conventional method for rat islet isolation was improved by injection of collagenase solution (1.3 mg/ml) into the bile duct and the concomitant dissection of the inferior vena cava, static incubation of the removed distended pancreas for 15 min at 37 degrees C and filtration of the digested tissue through two different meshes of 1190 and 590 micron in pore size. This new technique led to about 2.5 times higher yield of viable islets than the conventional method.

Animals↗