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Biomedical subjects

N Kuakuvi

Publications and source records attributed to N Kuakuvi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Child asthma in Senegal: epidemiological and clinical features in hospitals].

This report is a retrospective study carried out from records of diseased of asthma, fallowed up in a paediatric national center of reference during the period from 1st of November 1987 to 31 st of august 1993. The goal was to describe the epidemiological and clinical factors linked to that affection in order to better contribute to improve its managment. For all the diseaseds of this report we notice and analysed the socio economical data, the promoting factors the occurring mode of the disease, the main clinical manifestations of the affection and their consequences. The morbid association and the data of the paraclinical exploration particularly the functional breathing exploration. Thus we noticed that the consultation in a specialized center occurs relatively late because of bad orientation of the deseaseds. In effect the mean age of diseaseds at the first consultation is 7.5 years while the disease begins in average at 3.5 years. By elsewhere we notice that 15% of these diseaseds live in an aggressive mesologic medium. With an atopy in 78.4% of the cases, loaded personal case history in 96.6% of the cases and that the releasing factors are not known for most of them (81.9%). Asthma in our diseaseds is not very frequent (77%) in general with a moderate intensity of crises (69%). However disturbances of physical activity are noted among 23% of the sample which corresponds nearly to the number of subjects with severe respiratory obstruction (25%). We quoted that there is an relation ship between the frequency of the cases the intensity of the crisis and the disturbances of physical activities of the diseaseds (x2:25.9, df = 2, p= 0,000002). Tacking count of all these factors may serve to set up a asthma prevention and treatment project in Senegal based on populations education and care providers training.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Echocardiographic aspects in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease].

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular involvement is not well studied in children with sickle cell disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the echocardiographic parameters of children with sickle cell disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a transversal and case-control study including 80 subjects of six months to 16 years of age divided into four groups of 20 children each: heterozygous sickle cell disease, homozygous sickle cell anemia, anemia of other causes than sickle cell, and healthy children. All children had a complete physical examination, biological screening including hemogram and hemoglobin electrophoresis, chest x-ray, electrocardiogram, and Doppler echocardiogram. Data were compared using the chi 2 method and the Student's t-test. RESULTS: The mean age was 8.5 years and the sex-ratio was 1. Echocardiographic abnormalities were observed in seven patients with anemia unrelated to sickle cell, 15 children with heterozygous anemia and all the homozygous patients. The main abnormalities were: left ventricular enlargement (ten homozygous patients, one heterozygous subject, five of the patients with another cause of anemia), increased contractility of the heart (18 homozygous patients, seven heterozygous patients, five in the anemia group) and mild to moderate mitral or tricuspid regurgitation (12 homozygous, five heterozygous and five patients in the anemia group). One homozygous child had a dilated and hypokinetic cardiomyopathy with pulmonary hypertension. The parameters of left ventricular systolic function and left heart chamber dimensions were lower in the control group (P < 0.04). DISCUSSION: This study shows the frequency of heart chamber dilatation with left ventricular hyperkinesis usually described in the literature. The lack of case of chronic cor pulmonale may be due to the young age of our patients. One case of dilated and hypokinetic cardiomyopathy suggests that other causes than anemia should be considered, particularly myocardial ischemia, which could not be demonstrated because of our limited investigative methods. CONCLUSION: These results emphasize the frequency of the heart involvement in sickle cell disease, particularly in the homozygous type, and point out the importance of the cardiologic screening of these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Hemolytic uremic syndrome: a complication of acute gastroenteritis in children].

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is an nonexceptional complication of infectious gastroenteritis. No one has already been reported in Senegalese publications. We made a retrospective study of the record of 7 patients with HUS among 256 cases of children with bloody diarrhea presenting to the pediatric unit of Aristide Le Dantec between august 1998 and july 1999. The mean age of the children was 33,14+/-25 months and the weight was -2,29 DS. The diagnosis is supported by the findings of an acute renal failure with urea at 1,28+/-0,51g/ l and creatinine at 41,46+/-25,48mg/l. An hemolytic anemia was constant, the blood film revealed schizocytes. We found a thrombocytemia only in two cases. A hight white blood cell count (more than 50000/mm3) was noted in for cases. Only one child made a good recovery. We insist on preventing gastroenteritis and aggressive and adapted management of the HUS.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

[Traumatic injuries of newborns after forceps delivery at the Abass Hospital Center Maternity].

The authors report the results of a retrospective study on the effect of traumatic injuries observed among newborns from forceps deliveries in the maternity ward of Abass Ndao hospital between January 1st, 1995 and December 31, 1996. Forceps deliveries represent 5.89 for 1000 of total deliveries and 47 for 1000 of nursery admissions. Traumatic injuries are found in 44.77 % of the newborn by forceps deliveries. They are dominated by the hematoma of scalp in 23 cases and facial nerve injuries in 6 cases. The were about 76.66 percent of primipare among which 30 percent were adolescents. Maternal age, parity, gravity as well as birth weight for forceps deliveries were not significantly different from those without any injuries (p < 0.05). However, traumatic injuries of the newborn were more frequent when the forceps were performed by medical resident. The neonatal mortality is 10.44%. We recommend the teaching of the technique for an improvement of technical competence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Congenital rubella: a case report].

Rubella is an innocuous illness in adult unless it is contracted by a pregnant woman. We recently observed a case of congenital rubella in the department of neonatology of Abass Ndao hospital in Dakar. It's a female new-born, born after 40 week gestation, with a well followed pregnancy. The first clinical examination shows a severe intrauterine growth retardation and bilateral comeal opacity. Maternal and new-born serologic confirmation is obtained with positive rubella specific IgM and IgG. We also find severe ocular pathology, hearing deficit and associated cardiac disease. This case shows the needs for preventive strategies, such as vaccination against rubella for women of child bearing age.

Female↗
PubMed2001

[Acute encephalic manifestations in Senegalese children with sickle cell disease].

The course of sickle cell disease (SCD) may be complicated by neurologic events, mainly bactérial meningitidis and stroke. We retrospectively studied all cases with acute encephalic manifestations (AEM) in a cohort of 461 children and adolescents with SCD followed at Albert Royer Children Hospital of Dakar (Senegal) from january 1991 to december 2000 (ten years). Among them 438 had sickle cell anemia (SCA), 19 SC disease and 4 S-beta thalassemia (3 S-beta+, 1 S-beta0). Seven patients, all with SCA, presented antecedents of AEM revealed by flacid and proportionnal hemiplegia evoking stroke. Prevalence of these AEM was 1.5 per cent among patients with SCD and 1.6 per cent among those with SCA. They were 4 girls and 3 boys (sex ratio = 0.75) aged 4 to 8.5 years when occurred the first accident. We observed no clinical or biological distinctive characteristic of SCA in these patients compared to those without crebrovascular accident. Recurrence was observed once in a boy after a 12 months interval and twice in a girl after 20 and 60 months intervals successively. No transfusionnal program was applied to prevent recurrent stroke because of insufficient conditions for long-term transfusion. Stroke appears to be rare in senegalese children with SCD. However it poses in our context the major problem of applicability of transfusionnal program which constitute the only therapy universally recognised to be effective to prevent recurrence. Nevertheless hydroxyurea could be a satisfactory alternative.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1998

[Risk factors for low birth weight: influence of maternal age, parity, gestational age, nutritional status and maternal pathology].

A retrospective study carried on between april 1st and september 31st 1997 has helped in collecting. 69 cases of low birth weight new-born (weight < 2500 g) at Abass Ndao hospital center in Dakar. The above population has been compared to 79 eutrophic new-born of mean birth weight equal to 3047.7 +/- 311 g (witnesses). The goal of this study is to appreciate the relationship between the maternal age, the number of the gestation, the parity, the nutritional status, the maternal pathologies during pregnancy and the low weight at birth. There was no difference between both groups as regards to the mean age (p = 0.44), the mean number of gestation (p = 0.7) and the mean parity (p = 0.48). On the other hand, the weight of the mother is smaller as for the group of low birth weight but the mean body mass index stand at normal in both groups. The pathologies during pregnancy period were obviously more frequent in the group of low birth weight new-born. There is a real need to insist on the preventive measures to be taken and the treatment of the maternal pathologies during pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Gastrointestinal and urinary parasitic infection in children at a regional hospital center in Togo: some epidemiological aspects].

To determine the impact of parasitic infection of the digestive and urinary tract in children living in a rural area of Togo, a retrospective study was conducted in a Pediatric Department of Kara, Togo. Results revealed that 35% of the 1610 children between the ages of 0 and 16 years had positive tests for parasites in stools or urine and that 117 had more than one parasite. Trichomonas intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica, Schistosoma mansoni and Necator americanus accounted for 86.5% of the parasitic infections observed. Parasitic infection was observed during the neonatal period and its incidence increased in males up to the age of 12 years and during the rainy months of the year. Study of associated diseases indicated that 56% of children with parasites also had malaria and that 47% were anemic. Parasitic infection of the digestive and/or urinary tract was noted in 31.8% of children under the age of 5 years with malnutrition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Seckel's nanism: apropos of 1 case].

This report covers the first case of Seckel's syndrome diagnosed at Dakar UHC. It concerns the main type of bird head nanism. The interesting thing about this observation is that it is associated with hepatoma. Would this be just a coincidence, or could the two afflictions be connected?

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1989

[Neurological complications of the anemia-geophagia syndrome].

The authors report five, mortal, vasculo-cerebral hemorrhage complications in anaemic and geographic patients. The five observations are stereotyped, the accidents occurring two weeks after the start of treatment, which included a complete blood transfusion and the admission of injectable iron and oral folic acid. Physiopathogenesis is obscure, and no identical case seems to be described in literature. The authors link these accidents to less serious neurological manifestations normally observed during iron-deficient anaemia. They blame cerebral anoxia and the deficient terrain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Esophago-tracheal fistulas: report of a case].

The authors report the first case in Senegal of an esophagotracheal fistula isolated in a suckling child 1,1/2 months old, and stress: the clinical profile and the rarity of this deformity; the difficulties of providing for such patients in view of the close medico-surgical collaboration required.

Airway Obstruction↗