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Biomedical subjects

N Kondoh

Publications and source records attributed to N Kondoh.

105 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Endocrinological profile of human spermatogenic impairment--evaluation of function of Leydig and Sertoli cells in vivo or in vitro studies].

In vivo and in vitro studies were performed to determine the function of Leydig and Sertoli cells of the human testis with various degrees of spermatogenic impairment. The increases in basal and peak serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) after LH-RH administration correlated with the degree of impairment of spermatogenesis, and the basal peripheral blood levels of testosterone and that after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration for patients with moderate or severe impairment were significantly lower than the values for those with mild impairment. The concentration of testosterone in the internal spermatic vein of varicocele patients with or without hCG treatment did not differ between in mild and moderate impairment. In studies on cultured Sertoli cells, the production rate of plasminogen activator in patients with severe impairment was significantly lower than that in patients with moderate or mild impairment. The decrease in testicular high-affinity binding site for FSH correlated with the degree of hypospermatogenesis found in idiopathic male infertility, but, on the contrary, the hCG (LH) receptors showed no correlation with the degree of impairment of spermatogenesis. In the investigation of the relationship between testicular FSH receptors and the effectiveness of human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG)-hCG treatment on idiopathic male infertility, the presence or absence of testicular FSH receptors predicted the responsiveness to the treatment.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1988

[Down-regulation of rat and human testicular hCG receptors by hCG].

Changes in rat and human testicular human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) binding sites induced by hCG were estimated in vivo and in vitro. After a single administration of hCG, the specific hCG binding sites were significantly reduced for 7 and 5 days in rat and human testes, respectively. However, hCG binding sites had recovered to pretreatment values by the 14th day after the administration. Occupied hCG binding sites measured in both rat and human testes accounted for about half of the reduced binding sites on the day after administration of hCG, but thereafter the number of sites occupied was not correlated with the reduction of the binding induced a dose-related significant loss of the specific hCG binding sites for 7 and 5 days in rat and human testes, respectively. Thereafter, the number of binding sites gradually increased. These patterns of change in hCG binding sites in vitro were similar to those in vivo. These findings suggest that the reduction in hCG binding sites in rat and human testes by hCG is due not only to occupancy but also down-regulation of the binding sites. In conclusion, the present testicular organ culture method is useful to study hormonal regulation of testicular function, especially in human testes.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Plant lectin, ATF1011, on the tumor cell surface augments tumor-specific immunity through activation of T cells specific for the lectin.

The possibility that a plant lectin as a carrier protein would specifically activate T cells, resulting in the augmentation of antitumor immunity was investigated. ATF1011, a nonmitogenic lectin for T cells purified from Aloe arborescens Mill, bound equally to normal and tumor cells. ATF1011 binding on the MM102 tumor cell surfaces augmented anti-trinitrophenyl (TNP) antibody production of murine splenocytes when the mice were primarily immunized with TNP-conjugated MM102 tumor cells. The alloreactive cytotoxic T cell response was also augmented by allostimulator cells binding ATF1011 on the cell surfaces. These augmented responses may be assumed to be mediated by the activation of helper T cells recognizing ATF1011 as a carrier protein. Killer T cells were induced against ATF1011 antigen in the H-2 restricted manner using syngeneic stimulator cells bearing ATF1011 on the cell surfaces. When this lectin was administered intralesionally into the tumors, induction of cytotoxic effector cells was demonstrated. These results suggest that intralesionally administered ATF1011 binds to the tumor cell membrane and activates T cells specific for this carrier lectin in situ, which results in the augmented induction of systemic antitumor immunity.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Unresponsiveness of both non-rearranged and rearranged c-myc to serum stimulation in a mouse plasmacytoma S194.

Expression of non-rearranged and rearranged c-myc in a mouse plasmacytoma cell line S194 cultured in different serum concentration or temperature was examined. Exponentially growing S194 cells expressed a high level of rearranged c-myc and a low level of non-rearranged c-myc mRNAs. The levels of the two c-myc mRNAs were nearly the same in the cells in which growth was suppressed by lowering serum concentrations or incubation temperature in culture medium. Furthermore, even when serum-deprived S194 cells resumed growth following serum restimulation, the induction of non-rearranged c-myc mRNA, observed in a mouse T-cell lymphoma cell line BW5147, was not demonstrated. In contrast to the unchanged c-myc expression, the level of N-ras mRNA was related to changes in cell growth rate induced by changes in serum concentration in S194 cells. These results suggest that not only the rearranged c-myc but also the non-rearranged c-myc is unresponsive to serum stimulation and temperature changes, even though cell growth rate is markedly changed.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[A case of serous papillary adenocarcinoma of the ovary initially suspected to be a uretero-vaginal fistula].

A case of serous papillary adenocarcinoma of the ovary initially suspected to be an uretero-vaginal fistula is reported. The patient was a 57-year-old female with the complaint of urinary leakage from the vagina. Because she had undergone a supravaginal hysterectomy for myoma uteri 10 years earlier, a uretero-vaginal fistula was initially suspected. However, the fistula was not recognized from the findings of excretory and retrograde pyelographies. Chemical analysis of the vaginal discharge was similar to serum rather than urine. Gynecological examination showed the presence of an ovarian tumor. Right oophorectomy and extirpation of remaining cervix combined with partial resection of rectum was performed. From the pathological finding that the tumor consisted of serous papillary adenocarcinoma, the vaginal discharge was confirmed to originate from the tumor. Ovarian tumors with serous discharge from the vagina seem to be very rare.

Cystadenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[A case of renal cell carcinoma with contralateral adrenal metastasis].

A case of a 55-year-old man with renal cell carcinoma metastasized to the contralateral adrenal gland is reported. He was admitted to our hospital with the complaints of hematuria and weight-loss. CT and arteriography revealed left renal tumor and contralateral adrenal mass. We made the diagnosis of left renal cell carcinoma with right adrenal metastasis, and performed left total nephrectomy and right adrenalectomy. Histologically, the adrenal mass was clear cell carcinoma, and it was diagnosed as metastasis from the left renal cancer. We reviewed 9 cases of renal cell carcinoma metastasized to the contralateral adrenal gland in the Japanese literature and discussed the effectiveness of pre-operative CT evaluation.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Outcome of surgical treatment for obstructive azoospermia.

The efficacy of reanastomosis was evaluated in 30 patients with obstructive azoospermia, including 19 postvasectomy cases; 7 cases complicating inguinal herniorrhaphy; 2 cases with a characterized isolated congenital anomaly; 1 case of Young's syndrome; and 1 case with an unknown, possibly congenital cause. In the postvasectomy group. successful vasovasostomy was achieved in 15 of 18 cases (83.3%; 1 postvasectomy patient dropped out of the study prior to analysis). Duration of obstruction in the 3 cases where anastomosis failed was 6, 9, and 20 years. In the group where obstruction followed inguinal herniorrhaphy, unilateral vasovasostomy was performed in 6 cases, and transepididymovasostomy was performed in 1 case. Success was achieved in 3 of 6 cases (50%; 1 case was not included because failure of spermatogenesis was detected postoperatively). In all 4 remaining cases, microsurgical epididymovasostomy or transepididymovasostomy was performed, but success was achieved only in the case of Young's syndrome. Although mailed questionnaires and telephone interviews indicated occurrence of natural pregnancy in only 4 affected couples, postoperative sperm counts were relatively satisfactory as in previous reports.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bromocriptine for infertile males with mild hyperprolactinemia: hormonal and spermatogenic effects.

To clarify the influence of hyperprolactinemia on spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis in infertile male patients, the serum prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone, and estradiol concentrations were and the effect of bromocriptine treatment on spermatogenesis was examined. A total of 1234 patients were evaluated and 147 men had hyperprolactinemia. Of these, only 30 had PRL concentrations more than twice the upper limit of normal and most of them had a little excess over the upper limit. For 10 of these 30, serum hormone concentrations were measured and semen was analyzed before and after bromocriptine administration. No relationship between the PRL and other hormone concentrations was found. No changes were noted in the LH, FSH, testosterone, or estradiol concentrations, or in the sperm density and motility after treatment. The mean PRL decreased from 26.5 +/- 4.5 to 1.4 +/- 1.8 ng/mL. In infertile men who are mildly hyperprolactinemic, bromocriptine administration does not improve semen analysis, although it does normalize the PRL.

Bromocriptine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Depressed DNA synthesis in vitro by early prepubertal undescended human testis.

To study the spermatogenic potential of the early prepubertal inguinal testis and the effect of temperature on spermatogenesis, the levels of incorporation of 3H-thymidine and 14C-uridine into the testicular tissue were studied at 31 degrees C and 37 degrees C in vitro and compared with those of scrotal (descended) testis. 3H-thymidine incorporation into the inguinal testicular tissue at 31 degrees C, which is close to normal testicular temperature, was significantly lower than that of the scrotal testis. There was no significant differences in 14C-uridine incorporation between inguinal and scrotal testis at that temperature. At 37 degrees C, which is close to normal body temperature, 3H-thymidine and 14C-uridine incorporation into the tissues of inguinal and scrotal testes was significantly higher than at 31 degrees C. It would appear that DNA synthesis of the inguinal testis is lower than that of the scrotal testis at 31 degrees C, and higher temperature, at least for a short while, did not contribute to the impairment of spermatogenic potential in early prepubertal inguinal testis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro temperature sensitivity of DNA, RNA, and protein syntheses throughout puberty in human testis.

To evaluate the optimal temperature for DNA, RNA, and protein syntheses in the prepubertal, pubertal, and postpubertal human testis, the levels of incorporation of 3H-thymidine, 14C-uridine, and 14C-leucine into cultured testicular tissue were studied at 28 degrees C, 31 degrees C, 34 degrees C, 37 degrees C, 40 degrees C, and 43 degrees C. The maximum level of 3H-thymidine incorporation in prepubertal testes occurred at 37 degrees C, whereas the maximum incorporation in the pubertal and postpubertal testes occurred at 31 degrees C. Incorporations of 14C-uridine and 14C-leucine in the three groups were temperature dependent (28 degrees C to 37 degrees C). DNA synthesis by germ cells in the pubertal and postpubertal testes was maximum at 31 degrees C and was impaired at body temperature (37 degrees C), whereas in the prepubertal testis it was temperature dependent with a maximum at 37 degrees C. RNA and protein synthesis in the three groups was temperature dependent at 28 degrees C to 37 degrees C, was depressed at 40 degrees C, and remarkably depressed at 43 degrees C.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinicopathological study of the testicular microlithiasis].

PURPOSE: Testicular microlithiasis (TM) is a relatively rare condition characterized by calcific concref1p4 within the seminiferous tubules. Little has been reported on the incidence or the clinical implication of TM among Japanese. To address the problem, we evaluated pathologic specimens from biopsies and orchiectomies, of testes with various conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pathologic specimens of the testes of 200 cases, 56 from orchiectomy and 144 from testicular biopsy, were investigated. RESULTS: The pathological diagnosis of TM was confirmed in seven (3.5%) cases, four of which were associated with germ cell tumors and the other three were obtained from testicular biopsies performed for examination of infertile men. Of the 41 patients with germ cell tumors, four (9.8%) were found to have TM, and another three (2.5%) were identified among 122 patients with infertility. The prevalence of TM is significantly higher in specimen with germ cell tumors than those without germ cell tumors (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although TM is rarely encountered, this condition is relatively often accompanied by testicular malignancy. Further investigation would be fundamental to ascertain the relationship between TM and testicular malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enhanced expression of translation factor mRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Several studies have demonstrated elevated expression of translation factor mRNAs in malignant tissues. In this study, using primary human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues, we examined gene expression of translation factors, including 2 eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs-4A1, -4E), 4 elongation factors (eEFs-1 alpha, -1 gamma, -1 delta, and -2) and 10 ribosomal proteins (Rps P1, P2, S10, L35, L5, L39, L9, L6, S3a and S17), whose mRNA expression has never been examined in HCC. Our results demonstrated that all the mRNAs examined were up-regulated in HCC tissues. Among 7 HCC tissues of different histological grades, the expression of these mRNAs remained at basal levels in a well to moderately differentiated (W/M-) HCC, was coordinately up-regulated in moderately differentiated (M-) HCCs. In moderately to poorly differentiated (M/P-) HCCs, the expression of eEFs-1 gamma, -1 delta, -2, Rps P0 and L9 mRNAs was further up-regulated along with the histological grading. These results therefore suggest that coordination and specific activation of translation factor genes might be involved in the process of liver carcinogenesis.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enhanced expression of S8, L12, L23a, L27 and L30 ribosomal protein mRNAs in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Differential display (DD) analysis using surgically resected human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and adjacent non-tumorous liver tissues was performed. We identified 5 cDNAs up-regulated in human hepatocellular carcinoma, encoding S8, L12, L23a, L27 and L30 ribosomal protein mRNAs. Northern blot analysis, using total RNAs from thirteen pairs of HCC and abjacent non-tumorous liver tissues demonstrated that these mRNA levels were up-regulated along with the histological grading of tumors. The expression of these mRNAs was also high in three human HCC cell lines (HuH-7, HepG2 and HLF), irrespective of the growth state. These results suggest that activation of these genes is an important manifestation of HCC phenotypes.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical features and long-term outcome of non-Q wave myocardial infarction in the elderly: comparison with Q wave myocardial infarction].

The clinical features and long-term outcome of non-Q wave myocardial infarction (NQMI) in the elderly were assessed in 24 patients with NQMI and compared with those in 48 patients with Q wave myocardial infarction (QMI). NQMI patients had a significantly lower maximal peak of serum creatine phosphokinase activity and lower incidence of pump failure during the acute phase. In-hospital mortality did not differ significantly between the NQMI and QMI patients. Evaluation of acute-phase coronary angiographic features within 6 hours of onset found a significantly higher incidence of infarct-related vessels in the NQMI patients, but the frequency of multivessel disease and the level of collateral flow did not differ between the two groups. Fifteen of the 24 NQMI patients and 34 of the 48 QMI patients underwent emergency coronary revascularization procedures of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) or intracoronary thrombolysis. Successful recanalization was more frequent and the time to recanalization was shorter in the NQMI patients. The requirement for coronary revascularization (PTCA or coronary artery bypass graft) in the chronic phase for residual stenosis did not differ significantly between the two groups. Left ventricular ejection fractions were significantly better in the NQMI patients. The short- and long-term outcomes in elderly patients with NQMI and QMI were good and did not differ between the two groups, probably reflecting the active performance of revascularization in the acute and chronic phases.

Aged↗