Biomedical subjects

N Kondo

Publications and source records attributed to N Kondo.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

Timing of onset of allergic symptoms as a response to a double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge in patients with food allergy combined with a radioallergosorbent test and the evaluation of proliferative lymphocyte responses.

The timing of onset of allergic symptoms in a double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) was combined with a radioallergosorbent test (RAST) and evaluation of proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in 27 atopic dermatitis patients with hen's egg allergy. Of the 27 patients, 11 showed reactions within 2 h (immediate group), and 16 showed reactions after more than 2 h (nonimmediate group) after ingestion of hen's egg. The RAST scores for hen's egg in the immediate group were significantly (p < 0.01) higher than those in the nonimmediate group, while the proliferative responses of PBMCs to ovalbumin in the nonimmediate group were significantly (p < 0.01) higher than those in the immediate group. These results suggest that the RAST values are related to immediate allergic symptoms in DBPCFC and the proliferative responses of PBMCs are related to nonimmediate allergic symptoms in DBPCFC. The timing of onset of allergic symptoms in DBPCFC will render DBPCFC more useful in the diagnosis of food allergy, including the late-onset reactions to foods.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Case report: ciliated foregut cyst of the pancreas mimicking teratomatous tumour.

A ciliated cyst of foregut origin is often found in relation to the tracheobronchial tree and the upper gastrointestinal tract, when it is called bronchogenic cyst and enterogenous cyst, respectively. Cysts of this type rarely occur in the pancreas. We report a case of ciliated foregut cyst involving the pancreas, and mimicking teratomatous tumour on radiology.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Continuous noninvasive measurements of cardiac output during exercise by impedance cardiography--application to evaluation of cardiac output kinetics].

The purpose of the present study was to compare the impedance derivate waveforms using spot and band electrode array and to assess applicability of automated signal processing system for cardiac output kinetics. Five healthy male subjects were tested. Cardiac output (Q) were measured using spot electrode array. Each subject performed rest-exercise transitions in leg and arm exercise on an electrically braked ergometer. The intensities of leg exercise were 25, 50, and 100 W for 5 min and those of arm exercise were 25 and 50 W. Comparisons between spot and band electrodes were made for the absolute magnitude of Q and stroke volume (SV), as well as for impedance derivative waveforms. The waveforms for spot electrodes showed less fluctuation by breathing and movement artifacts than for band electrodes. Q for spot electrodes were larger than those for band electrodes. There was a significant correlationship between oxygen uptake (Vo2) and Q. There was a significant correlationship between Q using spot electrode and Q measured by CO2 rebreathing method. Nonlinear correlation coefficient to exponential curve of Q kinetics for leg exercise was more than 0.7 and for arm exercise more than 0.4 in spite of large movement of upper body. It is suggested that the present system using spot electrodes is superior in signal processing to those for band electrodes and able to evaluate Q kinetics without multiple repetition of exercise tests.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Characterization of infiltrating CD4+ cells in atopic dermatitis using CD45R and CD29 monoclonal antibodies.

Tissue sections from the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis were investigated by means of hematoxylin-eosin staining, the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method, and double-labeling immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies to cell-surface antigens, including CD45R and CD29. In skin lesions of patients with atopic dermatitis, the epidermis was spongiotic and hyperplastic with little cellular infiltrate. Perivascular dermal infiltrate was significant and consisted primarily of mononuclear cells. The majority of the infiltrating mononuclear cells in the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis were CD4+ cells. Langerhans' cells were also increased in number. Furthermore, we investigated the subsets in the infiltrating CD4+ cells by double-labeling immunofluorescence using CD45R and CD29 monoclonal antibodies. Among the infiltrating CD4+ cells, CD4+CD29+ cells were dominant and CD4+CD45R+ cells were also present.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Sensitization to sugar cane pollen in Okinawan allergic children.

Specific IgE antibodies to sugar cane pollen were investigated in seventy-four Okinawan children who suffered from allergic disorders. Only two (2.7%) with asthma of the 74 patients had specific IgE antibodies to sugar cane pollen as well as house dust and Dermatophagoides farinae. However, they have no histories of their symptoms being aggravated when sugar cane flowers bloom. From these results, the sensitization to sugar cane pollen exists in a small number of Okinawan allergic children, however, the low incidence of positivity could reflect lack of exposure to sensitizing doses of sugar cane pollen in these children.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

IgG subclass levels and southern analysis of DNA in primary immunodeficiency diseases including IgG subclass deficiency.

Serum IgG subclass levels are reported for twenty patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases, including four patients with IgG subclass deficiency, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with monoclonal antibodies. The disorder of each patient with IgG subclass deficiency seemed to be heterogeneous immunologically and clinically. One had complete IgG2-IgG4 deficiency, another had IgG2-IgG4-IgA deficiency and the other two had IgG2-IgA deficiencies. We did not find any structural-gene deletions in the constant region of the human immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus. Although the possibility of defects in genes controlling immunoglobulin expression, or small mutations, remains, these results suggest that IgG subclass deficiency is not always linked to particular structural-gene deletions.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

The design of oral sustained-release theophylline dosing after conversion from intravenous to oral therapy.

We studied the design of oral sustained-release theophylline dosing after conversion from constant aminophylline infusion. Twelve children with bronchial asthma (9 boys and 3 girls) were evaluated in this study. Each patient received a constant intravenous administration of aminophylline for 4-10 days. Three hours after conversion from constant aminophylline infusion, they received oral sustained-release theophylline twice daily at 12-hour intervals. Blood samples were obtained at least once during the aminophylline infusion, just before conversion from the aminophylline infusion, and 0, 3 and 6 hours, and 4-5 days after administering oral theophylline. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using the serum theophylline concentrations that were obtained during constant aminophylline infusion. These estimates of pharmacokinetic parameters were used to predict the serum theophylline concentrations during oral theophylline therapy. Predicted serum theophylline concentrations using individual pharmacokinetic parameters were fitted with actual measured values in this study. When switching a patient from intravenous aminophylline to sustained-release oral theophylline, the use of Bayesian analysis of serum theophylline concentration values obtained during intravenous therapy works well in predicting serum theophylline concentrations and in determining oral dosages that maximize the drug's effectiveness.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1994

Prediction of steady-state serum theophylline concentration in children by first-order and zero-order absorption models.

We estimated the pharmacokinetic characteristics of theophylline in children with bronchial asthma after multiple oral dosing of Theo-Dur, in order to determine whether the absorption of the drug is best described by a zero-order absorption kinetic model (0-order model) or a first-order absorption kinetic model (1-order model). Thirteen children with bronchial asthma were evaluated in this study. Each patient received Theo-Dur twice daily at 12-hour intervals. Blood samples were taken at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 hours after the administration; plasma theophylline concentration was determined by the fluorescence polarization immuno assay method. Pharmacokinetic parameters for each patient were estimated by a one-compartment open model with 0-order or 1-order absorption and 1-order elimination rate constants. The regression curve predicted using the 0-order model fitted well to the observed value. In contrast, the use of the 1-order model was overestimated considerably in the absorption phase the precision of the prediction using the 0-order model was better than the use of the 1-order model. This study suggests that the 0-order model gave better estimated pharmacokinetic parameters when applied to Theo-Dur than did the 1-order model in children.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Expression of VpreB gene in common variable immunodeficiency.

We analyzed the expression of the VpreB gene in 5 common variable immunodeficiency (CVI) patients. There was no deletion or large mutation as compared with control DNA by Southern blotting. In the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of CVI patients, expression of the VpreB gene was not detected by polymerase chain reaction. These results suggest that there were no immature B cells such as pro- or pre-B stages in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of these CVI patients. In B lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL) cells, expression of VpreB gene was observed in patients and Manca cells. The results suggest that the stages of these LCL cells may be a traditional stage between pre-B and mature B cell. As for the Manca cell, our result is in accordance with a recent report that surface immunoglobulin-positive cell lines also express the pre-B-related genes.

B-Lymphocyte Subsets↗

PubMed1994

Comparison of allergic diseases and specific IgE antibodies in different parts of Japan.

We investigated the differences of allergic diseases and specific IgE antibodies to inhaled or ingested allergens between two cities in a Japanese pediatric population. One of the two cities is Itoman, which is a subtropical city in Okinawa prefecture; the other is Gifu, which is a Temperate Zone city in Gifu prefecture. The prevalence of asthma or wheezy bronchitis was significantly higher in Itoman; however, the prevalence of atopic dermatitis was significantly higher in Gifu. Furthermore, the positive percentages of specific IgE antibodies to inhaled allergens such as house dust, and Dermatophagoides farinae were higher in Itoman. The positive percentages of specific IgE antibodies to ingested allergens such as egg white, cow milk, and soybean were higher in Gifu. These results suggest that the differences in prevalence of allergic diseases and allergens may depend on differences in the triggering environmental factors between different parts of Japan.

Administration, Inhalation↗

PubMed1994

Novel subtype of peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase deficiency and bifunctional enzyme deficiency with detectable enzyme protein: identification by means of complementation analysis.

We describe four infants with a novel subtype of an isolated deficiency of one of the peroxisomal beta-oxidation enzymes with detectable enzyme protein. The patients showed characteristic clinical and biochemical abnormalities, including hypotonia, psychomotor retardation, hepatomegaly, typical facial appearance, accumulation of very-long-chain fatty acids, and decreased lignoceric acid oxidation. However, beta-oxidation enzyme proteins were detected by immunoblot analyses, and large peroxisomes were identified by immunofluorescence staining. In order to identify the underlying defect in these patients, complementation analysis was introduced using fibroblasts from these patients and patients with an established deficiency of either acyl-CoA oxidase or bifunctional enzyme, as identified by immunoblotting. In the complementing combinations, fused cells showed increased lignoceric acid oxidation, resistance against 1-pyrene dodecanoic acid/UV selection, and normalization of the size and the distribution of peroxisomes. The results indicate that two patients with a more severe clinical course were suffering from bifunctional enzyme deficiency and that the other two infants, who were siblings and had a less severe clinical presentation, were the first patients with acyl-CoA oxidase deficiency with detectable enzyme protein.

3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases↗

PubMed1993

An enzyme immunoassay for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) with homogeneous reactivity to different CEA preparations and low cross-reactivity with CEA-related normal antigens.

A new sandwich-type solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was established by using two selected monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). One MAb, F82-61, which is immobilized on polystyrene beads, reacts with an epitope present on the N-terminal domain (N) of the CEA molecule and the other, F11-39, which is conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (HRP), recognizes an epitope present on the C-terminal domain (B3) of the CEA molecule. The assay consists of incubating 0.05 ml of test serum both with F82-61-coated beads and HRP-labeled F11-39 at room temperature for 2 h. The assay system, referred to as New EIA, showed very homogeneous reactivity with purified CEA preparations from different tumors and could discriminate CEA from four CEA-related normal antigens tested; nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA), NCA-2, normal fecal antigen-1 (NFA-1) and NFA-2. The assessment of technical qualities, such as reproducibility, recovery and dilution tests, demonstrated the excellent performance of New EIA. Serum samples (n = 604) from patients with malignant or non-malignant disease, as well as from healthy individuals, were analyzed by New EIA and by two commercial CEA immunoassays which both showed heterogeneous reactivity with different CEA preparations and reacted to a greater or lesser extent with NCA-2 and NFA-2, and it was found that New EIA significantly increased the sensitivity and specificity of tumor diagnosis as compared with the commercial assays.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Genomic DNA structure of a gene encoding cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase from Arabidopsis thaliana.

A genomic DNA clone encoding cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase was isolated from a genomic library of Arabidopsis thaliana, using a cDNA for the enzyme as a probe. Nucleotide sequence and primer extension analyses of this gene (APX1) revealed nine exons split by eight introns, one of which is inserted in the 5'-untranslated region. The exon/intron organization of the APX1 gene differs from that of the guaiacol peroxidase genes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1993

Increased IgE level as a marker of host-versus-graft disease: inhibition of this HVGD with a monoclonal antibody to IL-4.

BALB/c mice injected at birth with (BALB/c x C57BL/6)F1 hybrid spleen cells developed host versus graft disease (HVGD) with immunological features, such as various autoantibodies, immune complex nephritis, hepatosplenomegaly, and malignant lymphomas. In addition we found that the increased IgE levels correlated strongly with the histological grades or stages of the liver disease. In the sera of mice with HVGD and liver alterations, anti-smooth muscle antibodies (ASMA) and anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) were detected. The subclass of ASMA was IgG1, whereas the subclasses of ANA were IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b. When the recipient BALB/c mice were injected at birth and at Day 3 in addition also with monoclonal anti-IL-4 antibody 11B11, the increase of IgE and IgG1 was markedly reduced and the liver disease was drastically prevented. These observations suggest that IL-4 plays an important role in the initiation of the immunoregulatory function or pathogenesis of the allogeneic effects and that the monoclonal anti-IL-4 antibody 11B11 prevents the immunodysfunctions and the autoimmune hepatopathy in mice with HVGD. The increased IgE level in the serum is a good marker of HVGD.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (Hunter disease): 13 gene mutations in 52 Japanese patients and carrier detection in four families.

Southern blot analysis of the iduronate sulfatase (IDS) gene in 52 unrelated Japanese patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type II was carried out using a cDNA probe, and mutations in 13 patients (25%) were identified. Of these, 3 had partial gene deletions (in 2 the normal 9.4-kb fragment was absent and in 1 the normal 7.4-kb fragment was absent, as determined by Southern blot analysis using EcoRI-digested DNA, respectively), 2 had gene insertions (in 1 there was a unique 11.2-kb fragment and in the other there was a unique 5-kb fragment, determined by Southern blot analysis using EcoRI-digested DNA), and 8 had rearrangements (in 6 the normal 9.4-kb and 7.0-kb fragments were absent and a unique 11.2-kb fragment was present; in the remaining 2 patients there were different rearrangements). In these 13 patients, the similar Southern blot patterns were indicative of structural alterations of the IDS gene, as revealed when their DNA was digested with HindIII or PstI and probed with IDS cDNA. All patients with these structural alterations were in a clinically severe state, except for 1 with an intermediate clinical phenotype. Our analyses of four families among those of the 13 patients revealed that all four mothers were carriers. The detection of structural abnormalities led to a precise identification of Hunter heterozygotes and revealed one de novo rearrangement in a germ cell of one of the maternal grandparents.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Case report: immunoglobulin A deficiency in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis treated with aspirin.

In three patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, serum IgA concentrations were within the normal limit at the onset of disease and before aspirin administration. After aspirin administration, their serum IgA levels gradually decreased. After discontinuation of aspirin, their serum IgA levels gradually increased. These results suggest that IgA deficiency may be due to aspirin administration in such patients. The IgA production in vitro of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a patient taken 3 months of discontinuation of aspirin was markedly inhibited by preincubation with aspirin. Since the patients' serum IgG and IgM levels hardly changed the heavy chain class switching may be influenced by aspirin through some undefined mechanisms.

Arthritis, Juvenile↗

PubMed1993

Immunoglobulin secreting cells in lymphocytes of patients with IgA deficiency or hyper-IgA.

To assess the ability of immunoglobulin production in vivo, we enumerated the immunoglobulin secreting cells in the peripheral blood of patients with an IgA deficiency and of those with hyper-IgA-emia. All seven patients with primary IgA deficiency and two of the three patients with secondary IgA deficiency had low numbers of IgA secreting cells. In all five patients with hyper-IgA the number of IgA secreting cells was increased. Our results suggest that measurement of immunoglobulin secreting cells in PBMCs is useful in the assessment of ability of immunoglobulin production in vivo.

Antibody-Producing Cells↗

PubMed1993

The role of T lymphocytes in patients with food-sensitive atopic dermatitis.

The role of T lymphocytes was assessed in patients with food-sensitive atopic dermatitis (AD). T lymphocytes plus monocytes responded well to ovalbumin or bovine serum albumin (BSA) in children with AD who were sensitive to hen's egg or cow's milk compared with healthy children and children with immediate allergic symptoms who are sensitive to hen's egg or cow's milk. The responding cells were shown to be predominantly CD4+ T lymphocytes. Interleukin-2 activity and interferon-gamma concentrations in culture supernatants of ovalbumin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with AD who were sensitive to hen's egg were significantly higher than those of healthy children and patients sensitive to hen's egg with immediate symptoms. Expression of Fc epsilon R II on B lymphocytes in cultures of ovalbumin-stimulated PBMCs from patients with AD was significantly higher than that of healthy children, but it tended to be lower than that of patients with immediate symptoms. These results suggest that, in patients with AD who are food sensitive, CD4+ T lymphocytes stimulated by food antigens secrete lymphokines such as interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma that are secreted from TH1 clones in mice, and express Fc epsilon R II on B lymphocyte that is induced by interleukin-4 secreted from TH2 clones in mice. Taken together, cell-mediated immunity may also occur in addition to IgE-mediated hypersensitivity in patients with food-sensitive AD.

Antigens↗