Biomedical subjects

N Kojima

Publications and source records attributed to N Kojima.

260 records · Page 15Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

MR appearance of malignant lymphoma of the uterus.

OBJECTIVE: The uterus is rarely the initial site of malignant lymphoma. The purpose of this article is to present the MRI of malignant lymphoma of the uterus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four cases with pathologically proven malignant lymphoma, in which the uterus was the only and the initial site of recognized visceral involvement, are presented; MRI was retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS: All the lesions exhibited homogeneous hypointense signal on T1-weighted imaging and relatively hyperintense signal on T2-weighted imaging. One case exhibited diffuse and uniform enlargement of the uterine corpus and cervix in the presence of preserved endometrium and cervical epithelium. With these findings, a prospective diagnosis of lymphoma was feasible. The three other cases exhibited MR findings that closely resembled those of carcinoma of the cervix. However, in one case, preserved cervical epithelium in the presence of extensive involvement of the cervical stroma may have been a clue to the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma. Involvement of the vagina (three cases) and the urinary bladder (two cases) was clearly identified on MRI. CONCLUSION: Lymphoma of the uterus exhibited various MR appearances; however, specific diagnosis might be feasible in limited cases. In addition, clear visualization of the extent of disease seen on MRI could contribute to clinical decisions about treatment.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

MRI of adenomyotic cyst of the uterus.

The radiologic and pathologic features of three cases of adenomyotic cysts are presented. Two cases were subserosal and one was intramyometrial. All three cases had cystic spaces filled with hyperintense fluid on T1-weighted images, which were surrounded by hypointense tissue on T2-weighted images.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary: MRI.

The MR and pathologic findings of a case of sclerosing stromal tumor (SST) are presented. MR findings reflecting pathological features of SST include pseudolobulation, which consists of low-intensity nodules set against high-intensity stroma on T2-weighted images, and striking enhancement on postcontrast images.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of thiopental, ketamine, diazepam, xylazine, and nitrous oxide on EEG spike activity and convulsive behavior during enflurane anesthesia in spontaneously breathing atropinized cats. Effect at surgical depth.

The effects of thiopental, ketamine, diazepam, xylazine and nitrous oxide, and combinations of thiopental-nitrous oxide and ketamine-nitrous oxide on electroencephalographic (EEG) spike activity and convulsive behaviors in atropinized cats at surgical depth of enflurane anesthesia were assessed quantitatively for 60 minutes during spontaneous ventilation. Mean inspired enflurane concentrations (MIEC) were reduced 16% to 29% by pretreatment with thiopental, ketamine, diazepam, and xylazine, and were reduced 19% by 66% nitrous oxide. The MIEC of cats anesthetized with thiopental-nitrous oxide-enflurane and ketamine-nitrous oxide-enflurane were 35% to 38% lower than that with nitrous oxide-enflurane. Pretreatment with thiopental, ketamine, diazepam, and xylazine did not reduce the EEG spike frequency during anesthesia but did markedly reduce the spike amplitude. The addition of 66% nitrous oxide did not alter the spike frequency during anesthesia but tended to reduce the spike amplitude. Combinations of thiopental-nitrous oxide and ketamine-nitrous oxide almost abolished the spike activity. The addition of 66% nitrous oxide prevented convulsive responses elicited by photic and auditory stimulation during enflurane anesthesia. Treatment with thiopental, ketamine, diazepam and xylazine, and combinations of thiopental-nitrous oxide and ketamine-nitrous oxide, completely prevented convulsive responses during enflurane anesthesia.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The effectiveness of interferon therapy on occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C.

To clarify the effect of interferon (IFN) therapy for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) on the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 149 patients who were observed over a period of five years (mean: 7.6 years) were studied. The C-1 group, 33 patients with complete response to IFN; the C-2 group, 55 patients with no response to IFN; and the C-3 group, 61 patients who did not receive IFN. The occurrence rate of HCC was 0.9%/year/person. In the C-1, C-2 and C-3 groups, the rates were 0%, 0.3%, and 1.6%, respectively. The rate in C-1 + C-2 groups was significantly lower than that of the C-3 group (P<0.05). These data suggest IFN may suppress the occurrence of HCC in CHC.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Higher seizure susceptibility and enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B in fyn transgenic mice.

Earlier work has suggested that Fyn tyrosine kinase plays an important role in synaptic plasticity. To understand the downstream targets of Fyn signaling cascade in neurons, we generated transgenic mice expressing either a constitutively activated form of Fyn or native Fyn in neurons of the forebrain. Transgenic mice expressing mutant Fyn exhibited higher seizure activity and were prone to sudden death. Mice overexpressing native Fyn did not show such an obvious epileptic phenotype, but they exhibited accelerated kindling in response to once-daily stimulation of the amygdala. Tyrosine phosphorylation of at least three proteins was enhanced in the forebrains of both native and mutant fyn transgenic mice; tyrosine phosphorylation of these three proteins was reduced in fyn knockout mice, suggesting that they are substrates of Fyn. One of these proteins was identified as the subunit 2B (NR2B) of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. Administration of MK-801, a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, retarded kindling in mice overexpressing native Fyn, as well as wild-type mice, suggests that the accelerated kindling in mice overexpressing Fyn is also mediated by the NMDA receptor activity. Our results thus suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation by Fyn might be involved in regulation of the susceptibility of kindling, one form of the NMDA receptor-mediated neuronal plasticity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Primary central nervous system lymphoma presenting as diffuse cerebral infiltration.

We report a case of primary central nervous system lymphoma presenting as diffuse cerebral infiltration. On T2-weighted spin echo MR imaging using a 1.0 Tesla unit, high signal intensity lesions were presented mainly in the bilateral pyramidal tracts and also diffusely extended to white matter with brain swelling. No enhancing lesion was demonstrated after the intravenous injection of Gadolinium-DTPA, during the course of her disease. Radiological diagnosis of gliomatosis cerebri was made because of the characteristic MR appearance. Stereotactic biopsy was performed, and diffusely scattered lymphocytes, probably neoplastic, in the cerebral white matter were demonstrated histopathologically. Oral corticosteroids, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy were applied soon after her admission. The patient's condition improved dramatically. MR imaging using a 1.5 Tesla unit after the treatments showed marked regression and reduction of high intensity lesions on T2-weighted images and improvement of brain swelling. It should be emphasized that brain biopsy is important method for correct diagnosis in case of diffuse non-enhancing brain lesions like our case.

Biopsy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization through collateral arteries for hepatocellular carcinoma after arterial occlusion.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) through collaterals after hepatic artery occlusion or severe stenosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the past three and one-half years, 19 of 167 patients with HCC showed hepatic artery occlusion or severe stenosis after repeated TACE, and 17 patients underwent TACE through collateral arteries. Types of collaterals, results, and effects of TACE through collaterals were evaluated. RESULTS: Common collaterals were periportal collateral, intrahepatic anastomosis, and right inferior phrenic artery. TACE was successfully carried out through all detected collaterals in 40 of 49 TACE trials (82%). In eight of 49 TACE trials (16%), TACE through collaterals was partially carried out. The cumulative survival rates at the end of the first, second, third, forth and fifth year were 100%, 79%, 79%, 59% and 59%, respectively. CONCLUSION: TACE through collateral arteries was able to be performed in most cases and will be an effective treatment to control HCC.

Aged↗