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Biomedical subjects

N Kikuchi

Publications and source records attributed to N Kikuchi.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Clinical evaluation of ciprofloxacin in pulmonary infections in the patients with chronic respiratory diseases].

The clinical efficacy of ciprofloxacin (CPFX) was investigated in pulmonary infections in patients with chronic respiratory diseases. Out of 58 cases collected, 54 were evaluable for utility of CPFX including 20 with pneumonia, 34 with chronic bronchial infection. CPFX was given orally at 200 mg 3 times per day. In 20 cases of pneumonia, the mean age was 62.0 years underlying diseases were chronic bronchitis 9, bronchiectasis 6, inactive pulmonary tuberculosis 4, and diffuse panbronchiolitis 1. The efficacy rate of CPFX in this group was 90.0%. In 34 cases of chronic bronchial infection, the mean age was 59.8 years, underlying diseases included bronchiectasis 10, chronic bronchitis 8, inactive pulmonary tuberculosis 7, diffuse panbronchiolitis 5, and pulmonary emphysema 4. The efficacy rate of CPFX in this group was 70.6%. The overall efficacy rate in the entire cases was 77.8%, and we consider CPFX to be effective in the treatment of patients with chronic respiratory diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A retrospective study on postoperative pulmonary dysfunction as a function of the surgical injury].

Pre- and postoperative pulmonary function tests were studied retrospectively in 80 patients. They were divided into one of 5 groups: 1, surgery of the upper abdomen; 2, surgery of the lower abdomen; 3, surgery of the body surface; 4, thoracic surgery; and 5, extensive abdominal surgery. Postoperative pulmonary function tests were performed when the patients recovered to be able to sit up. The time necessary to reach this stage varied from 8 th postoperative day in groups 1, 2, and 3 to 24 postoperative day in groups 4 and 5. FRC, %FEV1.0, V25, and TV were unchanged in groups 1 and 2 postoperatively. There was a significant reduction in VC to 81.6 +/- 24.1% and 89.1 +/- 13.3% of the preoperative value in group 1 and 2, respectively. A significant decrease in TLC and a significant increase in RV were observed in group 1. The changes in pulmonary mechanics can be attributed to the muscle dysfunction during inspiratory and expiratory effort. A decrease in TLC and an increase in RV were also observed in group 2. All of the pulmonary function variables remained unchanged postoperatively in group 3. The restrictive pulmonary dysfunction with significantly reduced VC was observed in groups 4 and 5. V50 and V25 were significantly decreased in group 4. These changes could be attributed to the use of the extracorporeal circulation during cardiac surgery and the postoperative mechanical ventilation. TLC decreased significantly in groups 4 and 5, and RV increased significantly in group 5, but unchanged in group 4. The results indicate that the expiratory muscles function normally following the thoracic surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Intracranial haemodynamics in diffuse and focal brain injuries. Evaluation with transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound.

Intracranial haemodynamics were studied in 20 patients with diffuse and focal brain injury and experimental animals with acute intracranial hypertension by the use of TCD ultrasound. The mean flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) commonly decreased on the side of the haematoma depending on intracranial pressure (ICP) elevation and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) reduction in focal injury. The decrease of the MCA flow velocity returned to normal after treatment. The flow velocities decreased bilaterally and there was no difference between the right and left side in diffuse injury. But the velocities increased in spite of ICP elevation when diffuse cerebral swelling developed. Cerebrovascular CO2 reactivity was impaired in two groups of patients with low Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores. The mean velocity of the MCA and blood flow in the internal carotid artery exhibited flow patterns which changed correlatively depending on CPP reduction in experimental animals. Noninvasive study by use of TCD ultrasound can provide valuable information on variant haemodynamic phenomena in patients with diffuse and focal brain injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

A basic study of chemotaxis of leptospiras.

Chemotaxis of leptospiras was studied using a U-tube made of a commercially available straw-shaped polypropylene tube with an uneven flexible part. The U-tube was made by folding the polypropylene tube double and binding the vertical parts by a piece of tape, thus making the uneven flexible part the bottom. Semi-solid Korthof's medium was poured into the U-tube. Preliminary experiments showed that the medium containing 0.5% agar and measuring 2 cm in in length was appropriate. Leptospiras inoculated on the top of the medium of one side of the U-tube moved toward the top of the medium of the other side. The leptospiral move toward the uninoculated top was significantly faster when 6 micrograms of hemoglobin were added to the uninoculated top. Chemotaxis of leptospiras to hemoglobin was thus shown, which is the first evidence of chemotaxis of leptospiras.

Chemotaxis↗
PubMed1990

Quantitation of urinary gonadotropins in normal children.

A simple and improved method for the quantification of urinary LH and FSH was developed. Urinary gonadotropin concentrations were determined by polyclonal double antibody RIA after ammonium sulfate extraction. Urinary LH and FSH concentrated by ammonium sulfate were coeluted with an iodinated LH and FSH tracer. Gel chromatography of the urine revealed that the majority of immunoreactive LH and FSH were eluted coincident with 125I-LH and 125I-FSH. Good correlation was observed between urinary gonadotropin/creatinine ratios in first morning voided and full 24-h urine collections. Age-dependent changes in urinary LH excretion were significant in normal boys and girls 6-17 y of age. Urinary FSH excretion in these children did not change in an age-dependent fashion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Monthly urinary LH and FSH secretory patterns in normal children and patients with sexual disorders.

Urinary gonadotropin concentrations were determined by polyclonal double antibody RIA after ammonium sulfate extraction. Good correlation was observed between urinary gonadotropin/creatinine ratios in first morning voided and full 24-h urine collections. Using consecutive 30-d first morning voided urine specimens from normal children and from patients with sexual disorders, we have studied the monthly patterns of nighttime gonadotropin secretion. In normal prepubertal girls, the levels of urinary LH were low with few variations and those of urinary FSH were higher with episodic fluctuations. In early pubertal girls, the levels of urinary LH increased with striking, rhythmic fluctuations. The same changes were seen in urinary FSH. A single big surge of urinary gonadotropins was observed in postmenarcheal girls. In normal boys, the secretory patterns of urinary gonadotropins were similar to those of normal girls, but varied less. In patients with idiopathic precocious puberty, the patterns of urinary gonadotropins were similar to those of normal subjects matched for sexual stage. The measurement of 30-d first morning voided urinary gonadotropins can provide a simple and physiologic test of gonadotropin function in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[A new noninvasive method for calculating pulmonary to systemic flow ratio (Qp/Qs) in patients with atrial septal defect using multigated Doppler echocardiography].

The number of patients with atrial septal defect (ASD) who undergo intracardiac repair without cardiac catheterization has been increasing. A noninvasive quantitative method to estimate the Qp/Qs ratio in this disease is therefore needed, but no simple, accurate method has yet been reported. The purpose of this study was to devise a new clinically useful method. Study materials consisted of 15 patients with ASD who were catheterized and five post-operative patients. For this study a multigated Doppler echocardiographic instrument (Fujitsu ME 120A) was used, which allowed us to ascertain Doppler shift frequency at 64 consecutive sampling volumes up to 13 cm in depth simultaneously. In the parasternal four-chamber view, the cursor was set so as to cross obliquely the right ventricular inflow tract just below the tricuspid valve and the left atrium, just above the mitral valve. Two blood flow profiles were obtained from the flow crossing the tricuspid and mitral valves. The multigated Doppler echocardiogram was recorded on videotape and then analyzed. (1) The encircling area between the profile and the base line was measured for tricuspid and mitral flow independently throughout diastole. After summing up each area of tricuspid (TA) and mitral (MA) flow profiles, the ratio TA/MA was obtained (area calculation method). (2) The flow volume passing through each tricuspid (TF) and mitral valve (MF) was calculated from the flow profile using the "ring approach" reported by Jenni, and the ratio TF/MF was obtained (flow calculation method).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical evaluation of therapy for aspiration pneumonia with imipenem/cilastatin sodium].

In an open, prospective, multicenter trial the clinical efficacy of imipenem/cilastatin sodium (IPM/CS) for the treatment of 14 cases with aspiration pneumonia was investigated. The mean age was 75.4 years old. Diseases of central nervous system were present in 11 cases, cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases and diabetes mellitus in 2 cases each respectively. Seven cases were community-acquired and another seven were hospital-acquired. Six cases were moderate and 8 cases were severe. Causative organisms were determined in 9 cases (64.3%), multiple causative organisms were isolated in 3 cases. Isolated organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (4), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3), Klebsiella pneumoniae (3), Escherichia coli (1), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (1). Detection of anaerobes was not attempted. Clinical effects of IPM/CS were excellent in 3, good in 8, fair in 2, poor in 1, the efficacy rate was thus 78.6%. P. aeruginosa was isolated from 2 out of 3 cases in which therapy with IPM/CS failed. Monotherapy with IPM/CS appears to be highly effective for cases of aspiration pneumonia, but the disease due to IPM-resistant P. aeruginosa is an exception.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Two different spinal tumors (meningioma and schwannoma) with von Recklinghausen's disease in a case].

Von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis is a congenital anomaly due to maldevelopment of the neurectoderm and mesoderm. The disease is known to be commonly associated with other tumors of the neural system. We experienced a case in which two different types of spinal tumors (meningioma and schwannoma) appeared together with Von Recklinghausen's disease. The patient was a 54 year-old female. Her chief complaint was slowly progressive lumbar back pain of about a 10-year duration. She was admitted to our hospital after developing such clinical symptoms as paraparesis, bladder and rectal incontinence, and pain in the soles of her feet. The CT study demonstrated a massive tumor at the TH12-L2 levels accompanied with marked scalloping of the posterior vertebral body. The tumor removed was, histologically, meningioma. During surgery, another small bean-size tumor was incidentally found originating from the dorsal root, and it was identified by histological study as typical schwannoma. It has been reported that the incidence rate of spinal tumors in von Recklinghausen's disease is approximately 4%. Although a case has been reported in which different types of tumors developed in both the cranium and the spinal canal, our case as described above is considered extremely rare as far as we can find in reference literature. The pathogenic mechanism of vertebral scalloping as encountered in our case was thought to be based on interactions between hypoplasia of the supporting tissue and pressure generated by the tumor and CSF.

Female↗
PubMed1990

[Follow-up study on anti-HBs levels in vaccines after two and three doses of HB vaccine (1)].

UNLABELLED: An HB prophylaxis vaccination that included a primary and secondary vaccination was carried out on persons working at this university hospital. In the primary vaccination, the subjects were inoculated the second time with a vaccine derived from human blood plasma obtained from the Kitazato Therapeutic Research Institute. The third time, they were inoculated with a vaccine from the Chemo-Sero Therapeutic Research Institute derived from a second-generation vaccine organized ferment. The vaccine used for the second inoculation was obtained from the Chemo-Sero Therapeutic Research Institute. RESULTS: A total of 254 subjects were inoculated with the HB prophylaxis vaccination. 1. Of the 216 subjects inoculated with the primary vaccination, at the time of the second inoculation, 65 subjects (30%) tested positive for antibodies 3-4 months following inoculation. There was an especially high rate among females between 20 and 50 years. Thirty-two subjects (15%) tested positive 15-16 months following inoculation with a high rate among females. 2. Among 132 subjects inoculated the third time with the primary vaccination (those who tested negative in the second inoculation of the above vaccine), 76 subjects (58%) tested positive for antibodies 8-9 months following inoculation with a generally high rate among females. Thirty-five subjects (27%) tested positive 15-16 months after inoculation with a high rate among females between 20 and 30 years and among males between 40 and 60 years. 3. Among the 38 subjects who were inoculated the second time with the secondary vaccination, 8 subjects (21%) tested positive for antibodies 5 months following inoculation, with a high rate among females in their 20's.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Follow-up study on anti-HBs levels in vaccinees after two and three doses of HB vaccine. (2)].

An HB prophylaxis vaccination that included a primary and secondary vaccination was carried out on persons working at the university hospital. In the primary vaccination group, the subjects were inoculated the second time with a vaccine derived from human blood plasma obtained from the Kitazato Therapeutic Research Institute. The third time, they were inoculated with a vaccine from the Chemo-Sero Therapeutic Research Institute derived from a second-generation vaccine organized ferment. The vaccine used for the second inoculation group was obtained from the Chemo-Sero Therapeutic Research Institute. Results were summarized as follows: 1) The primary vaccination group: (1) The number of the 153 subjects inoculated with the primary vaccination at the time of the second inoculation, 49 subjects (32%) tested positive for antibodies 3-4 months following inoculation. Thirty-two subjects (20%) tested positive 15-16 months following inoculation with a high rate among females. (2) Among 104 subjects inoculated the third time with the primary vaccination (those who tested negative the second inoculation of the above vaccine), 61 subjects (58.7%) tested positive for antibodies 8-9 months following inoculation with a generally high rate among females. Twenty-eight subjects (26%) tested 15-16 months after inoculation with a high rate among females between 20 and 30 years and among males between 40 and years. 2) The secondary group: Among the 38 subjects who were inoculated the second time with the secondary vaccination, 8 subjects (21%) tested positive for antibodies 5-6 months following inoculation, with a high rate among females in their 20's. 3) The rate of antibodies formation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Basic investigation of saliva SIgA].

Saliva, which contributes to maintaining health in the oral environment, is affected by the physiological functions of the organism and their condition. Dental caries and periodontosis, both of which are oral diseases with frequent occurrence, require the presence of bacteria to occur. SIgA (secretory IgA), an immune globulin that is found in large quantities in substances secreted during salivation, has an antibacterial action. Thus, in conducting a basic investigation on the relationship between these factors, the author investigated what effect the speed of saliva secretion, a physiological factor of the saliva component, has on the SIgA value. Results showed that, regarding the relationship between the salivary SIgA value and the speed of salivary secretion, a negative correlation exists although this is weak in terms of relevance. The fact that the correlation displayed a tendency toward scattering indicates a need to pay attention when measuring the elements in the saliva to those factors that evidently have an effect on the composition of the saliva.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical evaluation of cefteram pivoxil in respiratory tract infections].

The usefulness of cefteram pivoxil (CFTM-PI) was evaluated in 99 cases with respiratory tract infections: 32 cases with acute bronchitis, 51 cases with infectious exacerbations of chronic respiratory diseases and 16 cases with pneumonia. 1. The clinical efficacies included marked improvement in 27 cases, improvement in 51 cases, moderate improvement in 9 cases, no change in 10 cases and deterioration in 2 cases. The improvement rate was 78.8%. 2. Overall effects were excellent in 12 cases, good in 9 cases and fair in 5 cases. There was no case in which efficacy was not observed and the efficacy rate was 80.8%. 3. Bacteriological effects were classified according to the causative organisms. Eradication rate was 80.8% (21 of 26 strains), indicating an excellent antibacterial action of CFTM-PI. In particular, MICs of cefteram were below 0.05 microgram/ml against all 10 strains of Haemophilus influenzae regardless of beta-lactamase production even with an inoculum of 10(8) or 10(6) cells/ml. 4. Side effects rarely occurred and included a slight gastrointestinal irritation in 4 of 99 cases (4%). Two cases which had abnormal elevations of GOT and GPT had abnormal values prior to administration of CFTM-PI. The elevations were slight and it was possible to continue administration. The GOT and GPT values were improved after the end of administration. The above results indicate the usefulness of CFTM-PI in acute respiratory infections and infectious exacerbation of chronic respiratory diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A surgically treated case of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the right atrium, diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging].

We report a successful surgical repair of a 33-year-old male with partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) to the right atrium and pulmonary valve stenosis. This case was diagnosed using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The findings of MRI clearly showed an abnormal development of the atrial septum far to the left, and the right lower pulmonary vein connected to the right atrium. An embryologic explanation of PAPVC can be provided in many cases by persistent communication between pulmonary veins and systemic veins. However, the MRI findings of this case support the suggestion of Neill that an abnormal development of the atrial septum far to the left provides an embryologic explanation for PAPVC to the right atrium. Preoperative MRI study of PAPVC to the right atrium prove to be of great value in preventing accidental over-cutting of the posterior atrial wall during surgical correction.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical evaluations of ofloxacin in the treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in adults].

We studied the clinical efficacy of ofloxacin (OFLX) in the treatment of 13 cases of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. OFLX was given to each patient orally at 200 mg/dose, 3 doses daily. One case was excluded because of a side effect i.e., nausea. In 12 evaluable cases, the clinical efficacy rate was 100% i.e., excellent in 7, good in 5. OFLX is one of the useful drugs in the treatment of M. pneumoniae pneumonia.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Site-directed mutagenesis of human pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor.

Arg-42 or Lys-43 or Arg-44 of human pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) was replaced by Thr or Ser by site-directed mutagenesis, and the inactivation rates of the mutants after mixing with human trypsin were compared with that of the natural form. The inactivation rate decreased for one mutant (Arg-44----Ser), whereas no change was observed for another (Arg-42----Thr) and an increase was observed for a third (Lys-43----Thr). Kinetic studies on the interactions between human trypsin and synthetic peptides, comprising the regions of Phe39-Ser47 of the respective PSTI species, showed that human trypsin cleaved the Arg42-Lys43 bond preferentially to the Arg44-Gln45 bond. However, it is cleavage of the latter bond that is thought to cause inactivation of human PSTI. These results suggest that the Arg44-Gln45 bond of human PSTI is responsible for its inhibitory activity, and inactivation of human PSTI is probably caused by deletion of the dipeptide Lys43-Arg44.

Amino Acids↗