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Biomedical subjects

N Katoh

Publications and source records attributed to N Katoh.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Angioma serpiginosum.

Seven cases of angioma serpiginosum were examined in our clinic during a period of 15 years. A histological study performed in six of them revealed an increased number of ectatic capillaries in the dermal papillae. One of the cases, a 31-year-old woman, was studied by electron microscopy. The dilated capillaries consisted of endothelial cells, pericytes and veil cells. Walls of capillaries showed a heavy precipitation of fine fibrillar material admixed with collagen fibers. Most vessel walls were composed of two layers. The inner layer consisted of fine fibrillar material and the outer layer consisted of bundles of collagen fibers of about 40 nm in diameter. Characteristic findings in the endothelial cells were the formation of accessory lumen or slit-like protrusion of lumen into the endothelial lining. It appears that angioma serpiginosum is not a simple telangiectasia of preexisting vessels but represents a type of capillary nevus, which has a tendency to manifest itself in the form of capillary dilation and proliferation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Light chains of chicken embryonic gizzard myosin.

1. Myosin from gizzards of 15-day-old chicken embryos was highly purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation in the presence of ATP and MgCl2, ultra-centrifugation and Sepharose 4B chromatography. 2. The myosin composed of heavy and three light chains as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gel electrophoresis. The molecular weights of the light chains were 23,000 (L23), 20,000 (L20), and 17,000 (L17), respectively. The amount of L23 light chain decreased and disappeared, and the L17 light chain increased steadily in the course of development. The amount of L20 light chain did not change. 3. ATPase activity of the embryonic myosin was essentially the same as that of adult myosin. The change in the light chain pattern in the course of development did not correlate to the ATPase activity. 4. Antigenicity of the heavy chains in the embryonic myosin was the same as that of the adult heavy chains. However, antibodies to light chains were not detected in the antibodies to either the embryonic or adult myosins.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1978

The property of contingent negative variation (CNV) in psychiatric patients: schizophrenia and neurosis.

The CNV parameters (amplitude and morphology) and the relationship between CNV parameters and performances (motor response time) were studied on schizophrenics (15 subjects), neurotics (15 subjects) and normal controls (30 subjects divided into 2 groups) in order to clarify the property of CNV in psychiatric patients. Also, the relationship between CNV and personality traits was investigated in neurotics. Since it has been known that age, sex and psychoactive drugs influence the CNV genesis in normal subjects, the control group method was used for these factors in this study. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Mean amplitudes of CNV's for schizophrenics and neurotics in each session of control, nonresponse and recovery tended to be lower than those for normal controls. Significant differences were found between schizophrenics and normal controls. 2) Correlations between CNV amplitude and response time in schizophrenics tended to be positive, while normal controls showed significantly high negative correlations. These findings were discussed from the viewpoint of the arousal theory of CNV genesis. 3) For the neurotic patients, the personality variables appeared to influence CNV amplitude. 4) Type B-CNV was most frequently seen in all sessions for normal controls. Schizophrenics and neurotics tended to show the increment of type P-CNV in nonresponse sessions without a motor response. 5) "Field Dependency" type-CNV was not found in psychiatric patients. This result did not correspond with the data reported by other investigators. 6) Type III- and type IV-prolonged CNV's appeared almost especially in schizophrenics although type II-CNV was observed in all groups. The mechanism of genesis of the prolonged CNV's was discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A case of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome accompanied with alcoholism.

A case of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome with alcoholism and migraine is described. Multiple motor tics and coprolalia were suppressed by the treatment with haloperidol. The concentration of HVA and 5-HIAA in the cerebrospinal fluid were measured and increment of HVA concentrations was outstanding while his symptoms were aggravated. This might be evidence for hyperactivity of dopaminergic neurons involved in manifest symptomatology of this syndrome.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1977

Purification and some properties of rabbit stomach myosin.

Myosin from rabbit stomach was highly purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation in the presence of ATP and MgCl2, ultracentrifugation and Sepharose 4B chromatography. The myosin composed of one heavy and two light chains as determined by SDS-gel electrophoresis. The molecular weights of the light chains were the same as those of gizzard myosin, about 20,000 and 17,000, respectively. The pH-activity curve and the KCl concentration dependency of Ca-ATPase of the stomach myosin were similar to those of other smooth muscle myosins. The stomach myosin was more resistant to pepsin digestion than skeletal myosin. Other proteolytic enzymes, trypsin, chymotrypsin, papain, and nagarse, digested the myosin in the same way as skeletal myosin.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1975

Effect of motor-response-deprivation on contingent negative variation (CNV). I: Normal adult data.

CNV's were obtained in S1-S2-MR paradigm from 22 normal subjects between the ages of 19 and 67 years (the mean age, 33.5+/-12.5). And then the effect of the presence or absence of a motor response on the CNV was studied. Results were as follows; (1) In the control session (S1-S2-MR), the mean CNV amplitude was 14+/-5 muV, and the mean response time was 291+/-76 msec. There was no significant difference with age, but the mean CNV amplitude for female was significantly higher than that for male. (2) Under the nonresponse condition (S1-S2) where the subject was instructed to attend to S1-S2 without a motor response, CNV amplitude significantly reduced for all subjects (7+/-5 muV). The mean voltage of the attentive-to-stimuli group was significantly higher than that of the inattentive group, and sex difference was not significant for the attentive group. However, CNV of the inattentive male disappeared completely, while the CNV of the inattentive female was significantly higher (8+/-5 muV). (3) Under the response condition (S1-S2-MR), CNV recovered almost to the magnitude level of the control condition (14+/-3 muV), in spite of the fact that the mean response time was significantly shortened between the control and response sessions. (4) We speculate that CNV changes may be dependent upon the dynamic balance of the excitatory-inhibitory activity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Induction by melittin of protein phosphorylation in bovine mammary gland and suppression of the phosphorylation by phosphatidylserine.

The protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor sphingosine induces phosphorylation of an 18-kDa protein in Jurkat T cells and of a 19-kDa protein in bovine mammary gland, and suppresses phosphorylation of substrate proteins for PKC. Melittin, a toxic amphiphilic peptide from bee venom known to inhibit PKC activity, was examined to determine whether it, like sphingosine, induced phosphorylation of the 19-kDa protein. Melittin inhibited PKC activity in both cytosolic and total particulate fractions of bovine mammary gland, with IC50 values (concentrations causing 50% inhibition) of 5-7 microM. Melittin suppressed phosphorylation of such PKC substrate proteins as a 91-kDa protein in cytosol and a 36-kDa protein in the particulate fraction. Besides the suppression, melittin induced phosphorylation of cytosolic 105-kDa, 94-kDa, 27-kDa, 24-kDa and 19-kDa and particulate 110-kDa, 53-kDa and 43-kDa proteins, which were not clearly observed in the absence of melittin. The induction could be detected at a 10 microM concentration. Phosphorylation of these proteins was reversed by excess addition of the PKC cofactor phosphatidylserine, but not by other cofactors such as 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol or Ca2+. PKC inhibitors other than melittin [1-(5-isoquinolinylsulfonyl)-2-methyl-piperazine, gossypol, palmitoylcarnitine and adriamycin] had little effect on the induction, except at a high concentration (500 microM) of adriamycin. These results suggest that melittin, like sphingosine, has both suppressive and stimulatory effects on protein phosphorylation in bovine mammary gland.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of serum haptoglobin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in cows with fatty liver.

Haptoglobin cannot be detected in the serum of healthy cattle by the haemoglobin-binding assay or single radial immunodiffusion. The present study was designed to examine whether an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay could be applied to measure serum haptoglobin concentrations in healthy cows and in cows with fatty liver. When either purified cow haptoglobin or haptoglobin-positive serum were used as the antigen in the assay, the standard curves obtained were distinctly different, and haptoglobin in serum was detected more sensitively than the purified protein. The addition of bovine serum albumin to purified haptoglobin shifted the curve towards that obtained with haptoglobin-positive serum, suggesting that an interaction with serum albumin was partly responsible for the different standard curves. By use of the standard curve for haptoglobin in serum, the mean (SEM) concentration of haptoglobin in samples from four cows with fatty liver was 466 (147) micrograms ml-1, but the sera from four apparently healthy cows contained less than 0.01 microgram ml-1 haptoglobin.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Unexpected functions of FcepsilonRI on antigen-presenting cells.

In contrast to mast cells and basophils, the high affinity IgE receptor (FcepsilonRI) on antigen-presenting cells (APC) shows structural and functional differences. It consists only of a minimal structure of one alpha- and two gamma-chains and enables APC to efficiently take up and present antigen in IgE-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions that are thought to play a pivotal role in atopic diseases. However, recent studies of FcepsilonRI signal transduction and function on APC suggest additional mechanisms by which FcepsilonRI engagement on APC could affect inflammatory reactions. FcepsilonRI ligation is able to induce major signaling events like protein tyrosine kinase activation including p72(syk) leading to PLC-gamma1 phosphorylation and consecutive calcium influx. Late signaling events like the activation of transcription factors such as NF-kappaB provide a link to the release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, Th-polarizing factors such as IL-12 and the induction of antiapoptotic factors. FcepsilonRI-mediated IL-10 production in monocytes could also influence their differentiation. Since there are hints that in vivo a functional FcepsilonRI signaling pathway only exists in individuals from an atopic background, we suggest that these unexpected mechanisms may have an effect on inflammatory reactions in atopic diseases.

Antigen-Presenting Cells↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro antibacterial activity of FK037, a new parenteral broad-spectrum cephalosporin, against recent clinical isolates in the fields of obstetrics and gynecology.

The antibacterial activity of a new parenteral cephalosporin, FK037 was assessed against recent aerobic and anaerobic strains isolated from patients in the fields of obstetrics and gynecology during the period between January 1992 and June 1993. The MICs of FK037 for 90% of the clinical isolates tested were 0.10 microgram/ml for Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, 0.20 microgram/ml for Streptococcus agalactiae, 0.39 microgram/ml for Gardnerella vaginalis, 0.78 microgram/ml for Staphylococcus epidermidis, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and Mobiluncus spp., 1.56 micrograms/ml for Peptostreptococcus magnus, 3.13 micrograms/ml for methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, 25 micrograms/ml for methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), Bacteroides fragilis and Prevotella disiens, 100 micrograms/ml for Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and Prevotella bivia; and > 100 micrograms/ml for Enterococcus faecalis. FK037 was superior in potency to ceftazidime against all strains except E. faecalis, P. anaerobius and P. bivia. It was 4- to 16-fold more active than cefotaxime against aerobic gram-positive bacteria and P. disiens, and its activity was similar to that of cefotaxime against the other strains. FK037 had 4- to 16-fold stronger activity than flomoxef against MRSA, S. agalactiae and E. coli and a similar activity to flomoxef against the other strains except G. vaginalis and B. fragilis that were 4-fold more sensitive to flomoxef than to FK037.

Bacteria, Aerobic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Study on treatment of bacterial vaginosis with oral administration of metronidazole or cefdinir.

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is considered to be one of the most common vaginal infections in women. Fifteen symptomatic women with BV were enrolled in this study. Ten patients with the diagnosis of BV were treated with 10 days oral administration of metronidazole (MTN), 500 mg twice a day, and five patients with cefdinir (CFDN), 300 mg three times a day. In the MTN therapy, the rate of abnormal vaginal discharge subjectively decreased from 100 to 60%, the rate of abnormal vaginal discharges objectively decreased from 100 to 20%, the rate of positive amine tests decreased from 100 to 20%, the rate of genital malodor and abnormal pH of vaginal discharges decreased substantially from 100 to 10%, and the rate of the presence of clue cells also decreased notably from 90 to 10%. However, in the CFDN therapy, none of these factors improved. With respect to susceptibility to CFDN and MTN, CFDN demonstrated good antibacterial activity against almost all bacteria isolated except Gardnerella vaginalis. On the other hand, MTN demonstrated excellent activity against anaerobic bacteria except Peptostreptococcus spp., and had no antibacterial activity against aerobic bacteria. Since the therapeutic effect of MTN in BV appeared to be better than that of CFDN, anaerobes may play a major role in causing clinical symptoms in patients with BV.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bacteriological epidemiology and treatment of bacterial vaginosis.

One hundred symptomatic women with clinical bacterial vaginosis (BV) were enrolled in this study. The bacteriological epidemiology of BV and efficacy of oral or vaginal administration of antimicrobial agents for treatment of BV were investigated. The epidemiology of BV was investigated before antimicrobial therapy. Fifty patients were treated with oral administration of metronidazole (MTN), 500 mg twice a day, and 50 patients with 2% clindamycin (CLDM) phosphate in a vaginal cream, 5 g once a day for 7 days. The major organisms occurring were Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia coli, Gardnerella vaginalis, Peptostreptococcus species, Bacteroides species, Prevotella species, and Mobiluncus species and opportunistic pathogens such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecalis. The therapeutic efficacy of CLDM cream on BV appeared to be preferable to oral MTN from clinical and bacteriological aspects. The clinical and bacteriological effectiveness of MTN and CLDM in the treatment of BV suggests that anaerobes might play a major role in causing the clinical symptoms in patients with BV.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A case of Churg-Strauss syndrome which cheaf complain was gross hematuria].

We report a case of Churg-Strauss syndrome complaining of gross hematuria. A 74-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for further examination of gross hematuria. Abdominal CT and retrograde pyelography revealed left renal pelvic tumor, and left nephrectomy was performed. There was no tumor, but submucous hemorrhage was seen in the renal pelvis. The histopathologic diagnosis was allergic granulomatous angitis. The administration of prednisolone was done, but he suddenly died of acute heart failure after 1 month postoperatively.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Iodine-131 treatment of thyroid cancer: relation between effective half-life and efficacy of treatment.

The effective half-life (Teff) of radioactivity taken up by residual thyroid tumor after 131I therapy was measured and compared with response to treatment. Teff was determined from uptake by the lesions at four, eleven, and 18 days after 131I administration. The criterion for successful 131I therapy was that, in any successive 131I therapy, lesion uptake in the second therapy decreased to less than one-twentieth of that in the first therapy. In the 26 patients studied, 48 lesions were evaluated. Therapy was considered successful in 27 of these lesions and unsuccessful in 21. Mean Teff in the former was 2.48 +/- 0.93 days (mean +/- S.D.), significantly shorter than that in the latter, 5.70 +/- 2.62 days (p < 0.001). In some of the cases of solitary lesion, serum TSH levels, serum thyroglobulin values, and 131I protein bounded iodine (131I-PBI) were measured, but there were no significant differences between successful and unsuccessful therapy. The results of this study suggest that Teff seems to reflect the functional nature of the lesion and could be of prognostic value for the response to 131I therapy.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗