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Biomedical subjects

N Kaltreider

Publications and source records attributed to N Kaltreider.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Pilot study of current factors influencing the choice of psychiatry as a specialty.

OBJECTIVE: This is a time of major shifts in the perception of medical specialties. The authors have attempted to assess current attitudes of potential applicants for a residency in psychiatry. METHOD: Pilot interviews with fourth-year medical students at the University of California, San Francisco, led to the development of a questionnaire on factors influencing the choice of psychiatry as a specialty. The questionnaire was then sent to 113 fourth-year students with an identified psychiatric interest at nine schools. RESULTS: There was a response rate of 50.4%. The 54 students with a clear career decision had 22 of 38 item responses that significantly distinguished between those who matched in psychiatry and those who chose other specialties. CONCLUSIONS: Focused recruitment strategies are suggested based on answers to the questionnaire items.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Reactions to the death of a parent. Results from patients and field subjects.

The authors studied two groups of persons who had experienced either the death of a mother or father. One group consisted of patients who had sought treatment because of pathological aspects of bereavement. The other group consisted of volunteers selected from a review of hospital death records, which indicated the recent death of their parent. The study used a nonequivalent groups design, where both groups were followed over time. The field subjects were initially seen much sooner after the death than the patients. The patient group received a time-limited dynamic therapy focused on the stress response syndrome induced by the death. At the pretherapy evaluation point, the patient sample had significantly higher levels of symptomatic distress than did the nonpatient sample. The distress declined over a 13-month period, so that patients had comparable levels of distress to that of the field subjects. After adjusting for initial values, the main difference was that patients reduced their avoidant operations more than did the field subjects. Intervening variables were assessed for the prediction of change in symptoms over time as related to the parental death. The variables that showed significant correlations to symptomatic change were cumulative negative life events from varied sources, occupation, social class, developmental level of the self-concept, identity of the deceased parent, and attribution of blame for the death. Social support did not relate to change in symptoms over time.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1981

Initial psychological response to parental death.

A cohort of patients seeking help at a clinical research center providing time-limited brief therapy for posttraumatic stress disorders was assembled. The single life event experienced by each was death of a parent. A nonequivalent comparison group was gathered by review of hospital death records. Both groups received the same type of evaluation interview and completed the same measures, which were similar to those done for both groups by the clinical interviewer. These data indicated that while both groups contained persons with medium to high distress levels, the patient group was most uniformly composed of such persons; when compared with the field-study group, the patient group had significant and important elevations of distress levels.

Attitude to Death↗
PubMed1980

Signs and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder.

The new diagnostic nomenclature of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-III) provides well-described categories of stress response syndromes that were not included in the previous nosology. The signs and symptoms of these syndromes used in the descriptive statements have been understood largely in terms of field studies of nonpatient populations and clinical descriptive and impressionistic studies of patient populations. We report quantitative data from the study of a population with post-traumatic stress disorder. The results confirm clinical impressions of the importance and wide prevalence of episodes of intrusive ideas and feelings in states of distress precipitated by serious life events.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Changing social-sexual patterns in gynecologic practice.

One hundred randomly selected patients from the outpatient Gynecology Unit of the University of California at San Francisco Medical Center were interviewed to determine current attitudes toward reproductive and sexual roles. Major areas of change apparent in the younger population were a substantial decrease in formal marriage, a reduction in the wish for children, a movement away from oral contraception back to mechanical barrier methods, and an attitudinal shift toward acceptance of a bisexual adaptation. It is important for the practicing physician to be responsive to the life-style pattern present in the new generation of women patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The psychological impact of the Bay Area earthquake on health professionals.

An earthquake exemplifies a natural disaster in which the potential caregivers are experiencing their own emotional response to the event. A survey of 222 health care workers in San Francisco and Marin County in the first two weeks after the Loma Prieta earthquake found them to have a moderate level of psychological symptoms as measured by the Impact of Event Scale and to frequently endorse several earthquake specific stress items. Highly reliable gender differences existed on all of the dependent variables, with women reporting more symptoms. Variation in cognitive style and the personal salience of the event are possible explanations for this difference. Disaster planning should include education about the normal range of response and support groups for symptomatic caregivers as well as victims.

Adaptation, Psychological↗