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Biomedical subjects

N Kaise

Publications and source records attributed to N Kaise.

89 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[A study of thyroid reserve in Hashimoto's disease (author's disease)].

A three-day thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) test of administering 10 U.S.P. bovine TSH intramuscularly was performed on 6 normal subjects, 14 patients with Hashimoto's disease and 6 patients with primary hypothyroidism. The response of 24hr thyroidal 131I-uptake (131-uptake) and of serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) was studied in these subjects. Of the 14 patients with Hashimoto's disease, T4, T3 and TSH were normal in 5 patients (group 1); both T4 and T3 were normal and TSH was high in 5 patients (group 2); and either both T4 and T3 or one of them was low and TSH was high in 4 patients (group 3); 131I-uptake was normal in groups 1 and 2, and low in group 3. The mean increase in 131I-uptake was 33.7 +/- 11.4% (S.D.) in normal subjects, 22.8 +/- 5.6% in group 1, 4.4 +/- 5.0 in group 2, and no change in group 3 and primary hypothyroidism. The increase in T4 was 9.1 approximately 17/2 microgram /100ml in normal subjects, 3.7 approximately 6.1 microgram/100ml in group 1, 0 approximately 3.2 microgram/100ml in group 2, and no change in group 3 and primary hypothyroidism. Group 2 proved to be in the so-called condition of "low thyroid reserve" because 131I-uptake, T4 and T3, though normal before the test, failed to respond to TSH-stimulation, and endogenous TSH was increased in this group. in group 1, 131I-uptake responded to TSH-stimulation normally, but T4 and T3 did not. Group 1 seemed to be in the early stage of "low thyroid reserve".

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Long-term results of radioiodine (131I) therapy in 331 patients with Graves' disease.

To evaluate the long-term results of 131I treatment for Graves' disease, the thyroid function was studied in 331 patients 5-17 years after this therapy. Twenty-five patients were hypothyroid and had already been on thyroid medication. Among the remaining 306 patients without any treatment for thyroid disorder, 188 patients (61.4%) had a normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level (less than 10 microU/ml) of whom 151 were euthyroid with normal thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) level. 118 patients (38.6%) had a high TSH level, of whom 22 were hypothyroid with low T4 and T3 levels and 38 with normal T3 and low T4 levels, and 14 patients out of this 38 were clinically hypothyroid. Although all of the patients with high TSH levels do not per se require the replacement therapy for hypothyroidism, the overt hypothyroidism seems to occur sooner or later in patients with a lower T4 level. Among 331 patients studied, 61 (18.4%) were clinically hypothyroid. The incidence of hypothyroidism was 20.7% after 10 years of 131I treatment and 33% after 15-17 years. The incidence of patients with high TSH levels was 50% after 10 years of 131I treatment and 60% after 15-17 years. Both of cumulative incidence of hypothyroidism and patients with high TSH levels increased linearly with years after the treatment, which coincided with the linear decrease of mean T4 and T3 levels and linear increase of mean TSH level with years after the treatment. The difference of positive incidence of antithyroid antibodies between cases of normal TSH level and high TSH level was not significant.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1980

Gluconeogenesis from glycerol and alanine in thyrotoxicosis.

Gluconeogenesis in thyrotoxicosis was studied by oral glycerol-loading test and alanine-loading test performed on 5 normal subjects and 5 cases of thyrotoxicosis. The blood glucose levels in thyrotoxicosis rose after the administration of glycerol deposit elevation of the plasma levels of insulin. After the administration of alanine, the levels of IRI, pyruvate and lactate elevated in thyrotoxicosis. In normal subjects, the plasma levels of glucose, IRI, pyruvate, or lactate did not change significantly after glycerol or alanine load.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay for free thyroxine in serum compared with equilibrium dialysis method.

Serum free thyroxine (T4) was measured by a solid-phase radioimmunoassay in various thyroid states and in those associated with changes in serum T4-binding proteins. And it was compared with the value obtained by product of total serum T4 and of per cent free T4 by equilibrium dialysis. Serum free T4 concentrations were found to be 1.34 +/- 0.33 ng/100 ml (mean +/- S.D.) in 51 normal subjects, 5.02 +/- 1.41 ng/100 ml in 29 hyperthyroid patients, 0.16 +/- 0.15 ng/100 ml in 12 hypothyroid patients, and the value in each individual of the latter two groups was significantly different from normal. Serum free T4 was normal of 1.23 +/- 0.22 ng/100 ml in 7 pregnant women and all had free T4 levels within the normal range. Moreover, five out of six patients with decreased thyroxine-binding globulin had normal free T4 levels, though their mean value (0.85 +/- 0.20 ng/100 ml) was significantly lower than the normal value. An excellent correlation (r = 0.93) was observed between values for serum free T4 obtained by the present method and those by the equilibrium dialysis method. The simplicity, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of this assay render it highly attractive for routine clinical determination.

Dialysis↗
PubMed1980

Measurement of triiodothyronine in urine.

A radioimmunoassay procedure to measure triiodothyronine (T3) in unextracted urine is described. One hundred microliter of T3 standards or samples were incubated with 100 microliter of T3 antiserum (1:40,000), 100 microliter of tracer 125I-T3 and 700 microliter of 0.05 M borate buffer, pH 8.6. Separation of free from bound antigen was achieved by dextran coated charcoal. The cross-reaction of L-T3 with L-T4 in this assay system was less than 0.2%. Dilution of high T3 urine was parallel to the standard curve. Recovery was 101 +/- 8%. Coefficients of variation were 3-8% within each assay and 13% between assays. Euthyroid subjects excreted 0.81 +/- 0.39 microgram (mean +/- S.D.) in 24 hr. Similar values were obtained in pregnant women, euthyroid patients with chronic thyroiditis, and a patient with thyroxine-binding globulin deficiency. Excretion of urinary T3 was high (7.48 +/- 3.32 microgram/24 h) in patients with hyperthyroidism, and low (0.14 +/- 0.15 microgram/24 hr) in patients with hypothyroidism. Urinary T3 excretion was almost undetectable in terminal renal failure. Positive correlations were found between urinary T3 and serum total T3 (r = 0.89) and especially serum free T3 (r - 0.97). A positive correlation was also found between urinary T3 and creatinine clearance (r = 0.63). Mean urinary clearance of T3(CT3=Urinary T3 excretion/serum free T3 was 166 ml/min and was significantly higher than their mean creatinine clearance (110 ml/min). The measurement of T3 in urine is reliable and easy to perform, and may allow a new approach to the understanding of thyroid hormone metabolism.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Thyroid peroxidase activity in euthyroid and mild hypothyroid patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) activity was measured spectrophotometrically according to Hosoya's guaiacol method. The mean TPO activity in ten patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis was 19.8 +/- 7.6 (mean +/- SE) in an arbitrary unit, which was not significantly different from the normal value in seven normal thyroid tissues (33.7 +/- 5.4). The ten patients were divided into two groups, euthyroid and mild hypothyroid, on the basis of their basal serum TSH. In the euthyroid group, TPO activity (8.17 +/- 1.3) was significantly less than the normal tissue (p less than 0.01). In the hypothyroid group, TPO activity (27.64 +/- 13.8) was almost similar to the normal tissue. A positive correlation was obtained between TPO activity and serum TSH in ten patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (r = 0.85, p less than 0.01). It was concluded that TPO activity is significantly decreased in Hashimoto's thyroiditis even when the thyroid function was still within normal range, but the activity might be restored to normal in hypothyroid patients by the stimulation of elevated TSH.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Changes in thyroid hormones by treatment with aspirin and prednisolone in subacute thyroiditis with hyperthyroidism.

Thyroid functions were studied in 11 patients with subacute thyroiditis accompanied by signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism, and were compared with 13 patients with untreated thyrotoxicosis in which serum T4 was elevated to the identical level. Serum T3 was also elevated in subacute thyroiditis but to a significantly lower extent than in thyrotoxicosis. Therefore the ratio of T4/T3 was significantly higher in subacute thyroiditis than in thyrotoxicosis. Although duration of thyroid swelling was shorter in the group treated by prednisolone than by aspirin, the accelerated ESR, thyroid tenderness and fever subsided almost similarly in the two groups. Serum T4 and T3 levels declined more rapidly in treatment with prednisolone compared with aspirin. In patients treated by aspirin initial increase in T3 level occurred transiently with simultaneous decrease in the T4/T3 ratio. These changes suggest the increase in peripheral conversion of T4 to T3. Even in severe cases of subacute thyroiditis associated with hyperthyroidism, aspirin treatment is an effective therapy and there is no recurrence following withdrawal of the medication.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Correlation between per cent discharge of thiocyanate test and thyroid functions in patients with Hashimoto's disease.

The thiocyanate test was carried out in 18 patients with Hashimoto's disease. Thiocyanate was given orally several hours after the administration of tracer doses of 131I when the thyroid counts seemed to have reached a plateau. The per cent discharge of thiocyanate test was significantly higher in the groups with lower level of T4 (less than 5.5 microgram/100 ml), RSH (less than 25.5%) and BMR (less than +2.5%), and higher levels of TSH (greater than 10.0 muU/ml). A chi-square (chi2) test with Yates correction led to chi2 = 3.56 (1 df) with P = 0.06 (per cent discharge vs T4, RSU, BMR and TSH). Then the per cent thiocyanate discharge was increased with the degree of hypothyroidism in patients with Hashimoto's disease. The correlation between the per cent discharge and 131I 24 h uptake was not significant. It was apparent that the iodide concentration mechanism was present even in the severe hypothyroid stage of Hashimoto's disease. This disproportion between the uptake of iodide and the iodide organification may result in the increase in unbound iodide. It is concluded that the hypothyroidism in Hashimoto's disease may not be caused by a defect in iodide organification, even if it correlated to the degree of hypothyroidism.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A case of thyrotropin (TSH)-secreting tumor complicated by periodic paralysis.

A 27-year-old man had symptoms of hyperthyroidism and periodic paralysis. While hyperthyroid, his serum thyrotropin (TSH) level was inappropriately elevated at 6.4 microU/ml. The serum alpha subunit level was also elevated. MR imaging revealed a pituitary tumor and transsphenoidal adenomectomy was performed. Immunocytochemistry with an antibody directed against the beta-subunit of TSH revealed a TSH-secreting tumor. This is the first case of hyperthyroidism due to a TSH-secreting pituitary tumor complicated by periodic paralysis. This association indicates that thyrotoxicosis may induce paralysis in susceptible persons by a mechanism which is not autoimmune.

Adenoma↗