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Biomedical subjects

N Johnson

Publications and source records attributed to N Johnson.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Binding of 3H-beta-endorphin in rat brain.

The binding of 3H-beta-endorphin to rat brain homogenates, reported by several other laboratories, has suggested unique selective beta-endorphin binding sites. We now present additional evidence supporting the concept of distinct beta-endorphin binding (epsilon) sites in rat brain. In competitive displacement studies, 3H-beta-endorphin was inhibited far better by unlabeled beta-endorphin than a variety of opiates and enkephalins. Conversely, beta-endorphin inhibited the binding of a series of 3H-labeled ligands, including dihydromorphine, ethylketocyclazocine, SKF 10,047, naloxone and D-ala2-D-leu5-enkephalin, far less potently than their corresponding unlabeled drug. Other differences were also found. Compared to 3H-dihydromorphine and 3H-D-ala2-D-leu5-enkephalin binding, 3H-beta-endorphin binding was far less sensitive to the reagent N-ethylmaleimide and more sensitive to the proteolytic enzyme trypsin. The regional distribution for 3H-beta-endorphin binding was also distinct from other 3H-ligands tested. This evidence supports the concept of a distinct binding site for beta-endorphin which does not correspond to the previously defined opioid binding sites.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pathological glial tau accumulations in neurodegenerative disease: review and case report.

Abnormal deposits of tau protein accumulate in glia in many neurodegenerative diseases. This suggests that in some instances the disease process may target glial tau, with neuronal degeneration a secondary consequence of this process. In this report, we summarize the pattern of glial tau pathology in various neurodegenerative disorders and add original findings from a case of sporadic frontotemporal dementia that exhibits astrocytic tau pathology. The neurodegenerative diseases span the spectrum of relative neuronal and glial tau involvement, from disorders affecting only neuronal tau to those in which abnormal tau deposits are found only in glia. From this, we conclude that glial tau can be a primary target of the disease process, and that this can lead to neuronal degeneration.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diaphragm pacing in central von Recklinghausen's disease: a case report.

A patient with central von Recklinghausen's disease with multiple lower cranial nerve tumors developed nocturnal central hypoventilation that was successfully treated with diaphragm pacing. An unusual postimplant complication requiring an increased amplitude of stimulation occurred and was later found to be due to a neurofibroma that had partially displaced the electrode cuff off the phrenic nerve.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire: a validation study in patients with dementia.

This study describes the development and validation of the Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire (ADLQ), an informant-based assessment of functional abilities, in patients with probable Alzheimer disease and other forms of dementia. The ADLQ measures functioning in six areas: self-care, household care, employment and recreation, shopping and money, travel, and communication. The ADLQ was administered to 140 caregivers followed longitudinally in the Northwestern Alzheimer's Disease Center. In a subset of 28 participants, the total ADLQ score and each of the subscales were found to be highly reproducible, with average concordance coefficients of 0.86. Concurrent validity was established by comparing the ADLQ with the Record of Independent Living, a previously validated measure of level of dependency in daily living activities. The ADLQ was also compared with other measures of dementia severity on the initial and annual follow-up visits and was found to be significantly and negatively correlated with the Mini-Mental State Examination and positively correlated with the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale. The ADLQ has high test-retest and concurrent validity and is consistent with other measures of temporal decline in patients with probable Alzheimer disease and other forms of dementia.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The antitumor activity of some palladium(II) complexes with chelating ligands.

A range of palladium(II) complexes with chelating ligands were assayed for their antitumor activity against the tumors P388 and S180 in female mice. The complexes tested were [Pd(L)(ONO2)2] (L = 2,2'-bipyridyl,2-(aminoethyl)pyridine (aep), 2-(aminomethyl)pyridine (amp], [Pd(eth)Cl2] (eth = ethionine) and [Pd(dach)(Meorot)] (dach = trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane, Meorot = dianion of 3-methylorotic acid). The complexes were administered in water except [Pd(dach)(Meorot)] which was a suspension in klucel. The LD0 values were greater than or equal to 100 mg/kg. None of the complexes were active against the P388 tumor. [Pd(L)ONO2)2] (L = aep, amp) showed marginal activity against S180, while [Pd(dach-)(Meorot)] had an optimal T/C of 267% at dose of 150 mg/kg with 2/10 survivors on day 60.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Autotransfusion systems (ATS).

Due to the large number of patients undergoing cardiac surgical procedures and the subsequent increase in demand for blood volume replacement, the use of autotransfusion is increasing in the postoperative setting. In a study conducted by Roche and Stengel it was estimated that the country's blood resources could be depleted by these surgical procedures. The use of autotransfusion offers a viable solution for this problem. Studies suggest that with autotransfusion, bank blood requirements may decrease as much as 50 percent. The ready availability and economic advantages associated with autotransfusion may also ensure continued use of systems of this type. It has been the authors' experience thus far that both systems presented have been safe and effective when used in postoperative management of the cardiac surgical patient.

Blood Transfusion, Autologous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development of a health attitude scale.

A tool was developed to assess attitudes of patients with cardiac disease toward performing prescribed behaviors of their medical regimen. Two groups of subjects with heart disease were used to examine validity and reliability of the Miller Attitude Scale. One group included 480 members of Mended Hearts, Inc., and the second group consisted of 35 patients diagnosed with a first myocardial infarction. The second group repeated the attitude scale six months post-hospitalization. Performance of the medical regimen by this group was verified at the six-month follow-up period. Using Spearman Rank Correlation, there was a significant relationship between attitudes and adherence behaviors for three of the five subscales. Alpha reliabilities revealed a high degree of internal consistency of scale items for all five subscales when testing both groups. A factor analysis resulted in eight factors accounting for the majority of the variance. Each of the five behaviors of the medical regimen clearly defined a factor supporting used of the Miller Attitude Scale for assessing attitudes of heart patients toward behaviors of their medical regimen.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Meeting mental health needs of ethnic minority groups.

The TULIP Outreach Service uses a team approach model to provide community support to people with long-term mental health problems. It was primarily set up to reach people falling through the net of mainstream services, that is, homeless or potentially homeless people and those from minority ethnic groups. This paper describes how the team approach works in practice. It also gives the preliminary results of an evaluation showing the team's success in targeting and supporting these clients.

Adult↗