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Biomedical subjects

N J Smith

Publications and source records attributed to N J Smith.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Comparison of the effects of bromocriptine and levodopa in Parkinson's disease.

The effects of bromocriptine and levodopa were compared in a blind trial in 18 patients with Parkinson's disease. Optimal doses of the two drugs were given in identical capsules: there was no significant difference between the therapeutic effects. There were wide individual differences in response to the two drugs. Side effects were more common with bromocriptine because of side effects.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Cellular immunity in protein-caloric malnutrition].

In order to have a clearer idea on the relationship between infectious diseases and malnutrition, cellular immunity is studied in 3 to 18 months old malnourished and healthy infants. Nutritional status is evaluated by the food intake the anthropologic measurements and some biological parameters like transferrin. Cellular immunity is investigated by skin tests to tuberculin, monilia, P.H.A. and DNCB. Absolute number of peripheral lymphocytes and percentage of T cells are studied too. The results show that there is a cellular immunity deficiency: frequent non-response to antigens, weak sensitization to DNCB. Some patients have a low percentage of spontaneous rosettes. The transferrin titering is useful to appreciate the nutritional status and the iron therapy opportunity, the prognostic and the immunitary possibilities.

Candida↗
PubMed1977

Immigrants' knowledge and experience of social work services.

A survey of the utilization, knowledge and evaluation and evaluation of the social work services by immigrant groups in Bradford, U.K. was undertaken during 1971-1973. A lack of knowledge and use of appropriate services was found. There was no appreciable difference in knowledge between social service and non social service users. Measures to overcome this lack of legitimate usage are discussed in terms of positive discrimination and pluralist strategies.

Asia↗
PubMed1977

Race-related differences in peripheral blood and in bone marrow cell populations of American black and American white infants.

The present study confirms that in healthy infants, a racial difference exists in peripheral blood hemoglobin levels, total leukocyte, and total neutrophil counts. Racial differences in the composition of the bone marrow are negligible. The only demonstrable difference is confined to the erythroid cell population. No significant difference exists in the incidence of myeloid cells or small lymphocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

End-expired air technic for determining occupational carbon monoxide exposure.

Fluctuating carbon monoxide (CO) levels in the ambient air and recent smoking can lower the accuracy of the end-expired air sampling technic in COHB estimation, which involves the calculation of a regression equation relating measured carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels to CO levels in end-expired air after breathholding. Data collected under both laboratory and field conditions using this technic are presented in this study to suggest that, for increased accuracy of COHb estimation, researches should allow volunteers who have just smoked or are working in an atmosphere of fluctuating ambient CO levels to breathe a low CO atmosphere (less than 10 ppm) for at least two minutes before sampling, preferably an atmosphere close in CO level to that in which originally the blood and breath samples were collected to establish the regression equation.

Carbon Monoxide↗
PubMed1976

Gaining and losing weight in athletics.

Participants in many sports, such as wrestling, gymnastics, and light-weight crew, attempt to reduce body weight to achieve a maximum ratio of muscle strength to body weight. Such weight reduction should result only from reduction in excess body fat. In most instances, weight reduction should be achieved at a rate of no more than 1 kg a week, through a modest reduction in diet and a moderate increase in exercise. More rapid weight reduction by starvation and dehydration compromises strength and endurance. Athletes attempting to gain weight should increase weight as muscle mass, not fat. Muscle mass is increased only through muscle work supported by an appropriate increase in food intake. No food, vitamin, drug, or hormone will increase muscle mass. It is recommended that the high caloric diet required to support muscle growth from increased work should be low in animal fats and cholesterol.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1976

Results of irradiation of tumors in the region of the pineal body.

The clinical findings and results of radiation treatment in 14 patients with tumors in the region of the pineal body are presented. The neurologic signs and symptoms improved significantly in 11 patients (79 per cent). The survival rate for five years or more was 50 per cent. Radiation therapy as the primary method of treatment is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Evaluation of the iron status of a population.

The iron status of a population of 1564 subjects living in the northwestern United States was evaluated by measurements of transferrin saturation, red cell protoporphyrin, and serum ferritin. The frequency distribution of these parameters showed no distinct separation between normal and iron-deficient subjects. When only one of these three parameters was abnormal (transferrin saturation below 15%, red cell protoporphyrin above 100 mug/ml packed red blood cells, serum ferritin below 12 ng/ml), the prevalence of anemia was only slightly greater (10.9%) than in the entire sample (8.3%). The prevalence of anemia was increased to 28% in individuals with two or more abnormal parameters, and to 63% when all three parameters were abnormal. As defined by the presence of at least two abnormal parameters, the prevalence of iron deficiency in various populations separated on the basis of age and sex ranged from 3% in adolescent and adult males to 20% in menstruating women. It is concluded that the accuracy of detecting iron deficiency in population surveys can be substantially improved by employing a battery of laboratory measurements of the iron status.

Adolescent↗