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Biomedical subjects

N Iida

Publications and source records attributed to N Iida.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Treatment of dialysis-induced hypotension with L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine.

L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine (L-DOPS), a precursor of noradrenaline (norepinephrine), which is converted into noradrenaline when orally administered, was given orally to haemodialysed patients exhibiting dialysis-induced hypotension. In five patients given 300 mg L-DOPS plasma concentrations reached a peak of 1.43 +/- 0.59 micrograms/ml 6 h after administration and decreased slowly to disappear after 36 h. Plasma noradrenaline concentrations showed a significant increase (P < 0.05), reaching a peak of 1.28 +/- 0.64 ng/ml after 24 h and declined to 0.75 +/- 0.47 ng/ml by 48 h. Administration of L-DOPS to six patients during dialysis for 6 consecutive weeks showed no accumulation in the blood. Oral administration of 200-400 mg L-DOPS to 34 patients 1 h before dialysis prevented dialysis-induced hypotension and decreased the number of concurrent treatments required for hypotension. The signs and symptoms of hypotension were improved in 73.5% of the patients and persisted after dialysis in 64.7%. The preventive effect of L-DOPS was significantly more prominent in patients with predialysis systolic blood pressure less than 100 mmHg and in patients with non-diabetic nephropathy. L-DOPS appeared to be an effective and well-tolerated treatment for the prevention of dialysis-induced hypotension.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

[Corticosteroid therapy in collagen disease].

Corticosteroids are used commonly in the management of collagen disease and related condition. The degree of disease activity and clonicity should be clearly evaluated as therapeutic strategies of corticosteroids. High dose corticosteroids including pulse-therapy is useful for SLE with CNS-lupus, lupus nephritis and hemolytic anemia. Dermatomyositis also require high dose corticosteroids and it should keep for long time. PN is effective combination therapy of corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide. PMR and Temporal Arthritis well response dramatically to corticosteroids. RA should not be administrate over 7.5 m/day of CS. Intra-auticular therapy and alternate-day therapy are recommended in in-active RA.

Collagen Diseases↗
PubMed1993

The involvement of ankyrin in the regulation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor-mediated internal Ca2+ release from Ca2+ storage vesicles in mouse T-lymphoma cells.

Mouse T-lymphoma cells contain a unique type of internal vesicle which bands at the relatively light density of 1.07 g/cc. These vesicles do not contain any detectable Golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membrane, or lysosomal marker protein activities. Binding of [3H]inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) to these internal vesicles reveals the presence of a single, high affinity class of IP3 receptor with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 1.6 +/- 0.3 nM. Using a panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against IP3 receptor, we have established that the IP3 receptor (approximately 260 kDa) displays immunological cross-reactivity with the rat brain IP3 receptor. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of first-strand cDNAs from both mouse T-lymphoma cells and rat brain tissues reveals that the IP3 receptor transcript in mouse T-lymphoma cells belongs to the short form (non-neuronal form) and not the long form (neuronal form) detected in rat brain tissue. Scatchard plot analysis shows that high affinity binding occurs between ankyrin and the IP3 receptor with a Kd of 0.2 nM. Most importantly, the binding of ankyrin to the light density vesicles significantly inhibits IP3 binding and IP3-induced internal Ca2+ release. These findings suggest that the cytoskeleton plays a pivotal role in the regulation of IP3 receptor-mediated internal Ca2+ release during lymphocyte activation.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

The involvement of the cytoskeleton in regulating IP3 receptor-mediated internal Ca2+ release in human blood platelets.

In this study we have used saponin to permeabilize platelet membranes in order to test directly the involvement of IP3 in regulating internal Ca2+ release, and to measure IP3 binding to its receptor. Our results indicate that platelet vesicles release Ca2+ as early as 3 seconds after IP3 addition. Using [3H]IP3, we have found that platelets contain a single class of high affinity IP3 binding sites with a Kd of approximately 0.20 (+/- 0.01) nM. Immuno-blotting shows that platelets contain a 260 kDa polypeptide which shares immunological cross reactivity with brain IP3 receptor. Immunofluorescence staining data indicate that the IP3 receptor is preferentially located at the periphery of the platelet plasma membrane. Most importantly, both IP3 binding and IP3-induced Ca2+ release activities are significantly inhibited by cytochalasin D (a microfilament inhibitor) and colchicine (a microtubule inhibitor). These findings suggest that the cytoskeleton is involved in the regulation of IP3 binding and IP3 receptor-mediated Ca2+ release during platelet activation.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Increased platelet aggregation and fatty acid oxidation in diabetic rats.

The effects of diabetes on fatty acid oxidation in platelets was determined in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. In platelets isolated from diabetes, the oxygen consumption which reflects mainly the degree of fatty acid oxidation and ADP- and thrombin-induced aggregation were increased as compared to non-diabetic rat platelets. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I), the rate-limiting enzyme for fatty acid oxidation, in platelets obtained from diabetes showed a higher Vmax for palmitoyl-CoA and an increased I50 (concentration giving 50% inhibition of CPT I activity) for malonyl-CoA inhibition. These changes observed in fatty acid oxidation in platelets derived from diabetes returned to the control levels after insulin therapy. When platelets were stimulated with thrombin, platelet CPT I activity increased over time in both diabetic and non-diabetic rats. From these findings, fatty acid oxidation in platelets, as in the liver, is likely to be regulated by insulin and both increased CPT I activity and decreased sensitivity to malonyl-CoA inhibition are attributable to enhanced platelet fatty acid oxidation in diabetic rats.

5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic Acid↗
PubMed1992

[Quality of the life in hypertensive outpatients].

In order to evaluate the quality of life (QOL) in hypertensive outpatients, we selected 78 patients with hypertension of various degrees of severity (WHO Classification I: 29 cases, II: 15, III: 34), 59 not ill healthy persons (N1) and 22 normotensive outpatients (N2) aged at 50 years and over, using the self-completed questionnaire (QUIK) which we developed. QUIK covers four domains including physical functioning (20 questions), emotional adjustment (10), interpersonal relationships (10) and attitudes toward life (10) totaling 50 questions. In this study the internal consistency of QUIK was alpha = 0.95 by the Kuder-Richardson formula 20 and it's repeatability was r = 0.89 by the Spearman-Brown formula. The QOL in hypertensive outpatients was definitely worse in terms of total score (N1 5.1 +/- 4.4 vs WHO II 9.3 +/- 7.2 and III 12.1 +/- 5.6, p < 0.05), for physical functioning (N1 2.5 +/- 2.1 vs WHO I 3.7 +/- 2.8, II 4.7 +/- 3.8, III 5.4 +/- 2.8 p < 0.05), for emotional adjustment (N1 1.2 +/- 1.4 vs WHO III 2.3 +/- 1.7, p < 0.01), for interpersonal relationships (N1 0.8 +/- 1.3 vs WHO III 1.6 +/- 1.5, p < 0.01) and for attitudes toward life (N1 0.7 +/- 1.2 vs WHO III 2.7 +/- 2.0 p < 0.01). The total QUIK score increased according to the severity of symptoms (WHO I 5.8 +/- 4.4, WHO II 9.3 +/- 7.2 and WHO III 12.1 +/- 5.6), respectively. The total score of WHO I was significantly lower compared with that of WHO III (p < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Postural changes in finger and toe pulse waves].

Finger and toe pulse waves were simultaneously recorded in medical students and outpatient hypertensive patients. The delay of the rise of toe pulse to that of finger pulse (t) was almost halved in students on postural change from the supine position to the sitting position. This was mainly due to an increase in the pulse wave velocity in the aorta, which was thought to be induced by the increase in hydrostatic pressure in the aorta. In students a marked dicrotic wave was observed in both finger and toe pulse waves. That the interval between the main and dicrotic waves (T) was shorter for finger pulse than toe pulse also seems to be ascribable to the influence of the intraaortic pressure: Pulse was transmitted faster in the systolic phase than in the diastolic phase. The features of pulse waves of hypertensive patients were that (t) was short even in the supine position, and that dicrotic wave was small or absent especially for toe pulse. These differences were considered to be accounted for by the high blood pressure and the structural change of arterial wall in the hypertensive patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Expression of a cDNA clone encoding the haem-binding domain of Chlorella nitrate reductase.

A partial cDNA clone coding for the haem-binding domain of NADH:nitrate reductase (EC 1.6.6.1) (NR) from the unicellular green alga Chlorella vulgaris has been isolated, sequenced and expressed. A 1.2 kb cDNA (pCVNR1) was isolated from a lambda gt11 expression library produced from polyadenylated RNA extracted from nitrate-grown Chlorella cells. pCVNR1 hybridized to a 3.5 kb mRNA transcript that was nitrate-inducible and absent from ammonium-grown cells. The entire sequence of pCVNR1 was obtained and found to have a single uninterrupted reading frame. The derived amino acid sequence of 318 amino acids has a 45-50% similarity to higher-plant NRs, including Arabidopsis thaliana, spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). A comparison with the putative domain structure of higher-plant nitrate reductases suggested that this sequence contains the complete haem-binding domain, approximately one-third of the Mo-pterin domain and no FAD-binding domain. A 32% sequence similarity is evident when comparing the Chlorella NR haem domain with that of calf cytochrome b5. Expression of pCVNR1 in a pET vector synthesized a 35 kDa protein that was antigenic to anti-(Chlorella NR) antibody. The spectral properties of this protein (reduced and oxidized) in the 400-600 nm region are identical with those of native Chlorella NR and indicate that haem is associated with the protein.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Characterization of overt carnitine palmitoyltransferase in rat platelets; involvement of insulin on its regulation.

Saponin-permeabilization (30 micrograms/ml) of the platelet plasma membrane, which enables access of added compounds to mitochondrial overt carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT I), was applied to allow the rapid determination of CPT I activity in situ. The effects of diabetes and short-term incubation with insulin in vitro on the kinetic parameters and malonyl-CoA sensitivity of CPT I were also studied in rat platelets. CPT I exhibited ordinary Michaelis-Menten kinetics when platelets were incubated with palmitoyl-CoA. Malonyl-CoA showed an I50 (concentration giving 50% inhibition of CPT activity) of 0.92 +/- 0.11 microM in permeabilized platelets. Platelets obtained from diabetic rats (induced by streptozotocin injection) exhibited an increased Vmax and I50 for malonyl-CoA, and an unaltered Km for palmitoyl-CoA. In contrast, preincubation of platelets prepared from both fed control rats and diabetic rats with insulin (100 and 150 microU/ml) led to a decrease in enzyme activity when assayed with 75 microM palmitoyl-CoA and 0.5 mM L-carnitine as substrates. These in vivo and in vitro results suggested that insulin directly modulated rat platelet CPT I activity, as it does in the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Long-term follow-up of a febrile convulsion cohort.

Determining the clinical prognosis a 16-year follow-up study of a clinic-based FC cohort was made. The cohort comprises 528 FC children under 5 years of age at first clinic visit. Thirty-nine patients (7.4%) were found to have developing non-febrile seizures (FCC). Discrimination formula was applied; differences in actual cumulative FCC rates differed: a) whether the discriminant score was plus or minus (15%, 31/208 and 2.5% 8/320, respectively; p less than 0.001); b) whether the discriminant score was plus or minus in the group with no medication (47%, 22/47 and 3%, 6/229; p less than 0.001); and c) whether the treatment was applied or not in the group with plus value (6%, 9/161 and 47%, 22/47; p less than 0.001). No difference was detected whether the treatment was introduced or not in the group with a minus discriminant score (2%, 2/91 and 3%, 6/229, ns). The effective prediction and prevention for the FCC development were thus proved. Correlation between the number of predictive eight-risk factors and rates of FCC development are analyzed.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1991

[Effect of recombinant human erythropoietin on renal function in predialysis patients].

To assess the effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) on renal function, the slopes of the regression lines of the reciprocal of serum Cr versus month (l/Cr) were studied in 8 pre-dialysis outpatients (2.9 ml/min. less than Ccr less than 17.0, 21.4% less than Ht less than 27.9) who had been followed for a period of 19 to 94 months. EPO was initially given 3000-6000 U (133 +/- 31 U/Kg/week) once weekly by the intravenous route and was later switched to the dose to achieve a Ht level of 30-35%. Mean Ht increased from 23.6 +/- 0.9 to 33.2 +/- 1.1%, and quality of life and exercise capacity were significantly improved in all patients. The mean slopes of l/Cr after EPO (-0.0050 +/- 0.0020) were not significantly different from the values before EPO (-0.0064 +/- 0.0010). The slopes of l/Cr were significantly decreased by EPO therapy in three patients observed for more than 17 months, however in one patient, it increased significantly during EPO treatment. There were no significant differences in the other 4 patients. The renal function at the initiation of EPO in a patient with increase slope of l/Cr had been the worst, and Ht was mildly increased from 21.4% to 24.1% and the blood pressure did not change significantly. The good effect on renal function observed in 3 patients may, in part, be due to better control of blood pressure and physical condition (including cardiac and immunological function) by the more close follow-up of the patients and the improvement of anemia during the period of EPO therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Isolation and characterization of major urinary amino acid O-glycosides and a dipeptide O-glycoside from a new lysosomal storage disorder (Kanzaki disease). Excessive excretion of serine- and threonine-linked glycan in the patient urine.

Four major sialo compounds, termed GP-M1, GP-D1, GP-D2, and GP-D3 have been isolated from the urine of a novel glycoprotein storage disorder patient with angiokeratoma corporis diffusum which was discovered by Kanzaki et al. (Kanzaki, T., Yokota, M., Mizuno, N., Matsumoto, Y., and Hirabayashi, Y. (1989) Lancet April 22, 875-877). Based on the results of fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, methylation analysis, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, their chemical structures were concluded to be: (formula; see text) The yields of GP-M1, GP-D1, GP-D2, and GP-D3 were approximately 15, 6, 50, and 5 mg/liter of urine, respectively. The most major compound GP-D2, was further purified into single molecular species, threonine and serine type, by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. NMR analysis of the two purified compounds with single molecular species showed that the chemical shifts of anomeric protons of GalNAc were significantly different between threonine- and serine-linked GalNAc. Neither mannose-containing glycopeptides nor glycosphingolipids were excreted in the patient urine. From these results, this disease is thought to be caused by the deficiency of a lysosomal enzyme(s) acting on O-linked glycan chains.

Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
PubMed1990

Cloning and sequencing of a new gro transcript from activated human monocytes: expression in leukocytes and wound tissue.

Using cDNA cloning, we have identified a new member of the gro/KC inflammatory protein superfamily (gro-beta) produced by activated human monocytes and neutrophils and expressed at sites of inflammation in vivo. The open reading frame encodes a protein with 91% sequence homology to the human gro protein. Interestingly, some of the amino acid substitutions are located at regions where proteolytic cleavage occurs in the gro protein generating biologically active peptides (neutrophil activating peptide III). These changes would likely alter the processing of the gro-beta peptide and suggest that peptides with biological activities different from those produced by gro-alpha are encoded by this transcript.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Effects of vasomotion and venous pressure elevation on capillary-tissue fluid exchange across hetero-porous membrane.

Flow autoregulation in the arteriolar network serves to maintain the capillary-tissue fluid balance by regulation of capillary pressure. In the present study, we have examined theoretically the effects of arteriolar vasomotion and venous pressure elevation on the capillary fluid exchange, the interstitial fluid pressure, and the interstitial osmotic pressure during capillary pressure regulation. We used Starling's hypothesis and extended it to include a consideration of a parallel hetero-porous pathway and to determine the effects of plasma protein filtration on interstitial fluid pressure and osmotic pressure. We have found that arteriolar vasomotion plays a primary role in protecting the capillary-tissue fluid balance during the elevation of capillary flow and that it is a secondary mechanism for the regulation of capillary arterial pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical evaluation of high dose rate intra-cavitary irradiation in the treatment of uterine cervical cancer, combined with pepleomycin suppository in uterine cavity].

By means of re-irradiation using pepleomycin suppository in uterine cavity, we attained local control for one patient who had local recurrence in uterine cavity and suffered from uterine fluor in which viable cancer cells were confirmed. We were enlightened by this therapeutic experience, so we attempted combination therapy using pepleomycin suppositories to supplement intra-cavitary irradiation, for the 11 selected patients who were suffering from uterine fluor. We investigated the treatment results in 7 patients of stage III out of 11 patients (of all stages), in comparison with 13 patients of stage III who were treated by irradiation alone. Consequently, these treatment results were approximately equivalent, and the incidence of sigmoid complications could be decreased. Side effects which were followed by the combination therapy were not serious, and so we believe that pepleomycin suppository is a simple method and valuable to supplement radiation therapy of uterine cervical cancer.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed1989

A sulfated glucosylceramide from rat kidney.

A novel sulfated glycosphingolipid containing a sulfated glucosyl residue was isolated from rat kidney and purified to homogeneity by column chromatographies with DEAE-Sephadex and silica beads. By compositional analyses, permethylation studies, one- and two-dimensional proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, negative secondary ion mass spectrometry, solvolysis, and immunostaining on thin layer chromatogram, the structure of this glycolipid was proposed to be HSO3-3Glc beta 1-1Cer (where Cer is ceramide). The ceramide portion consisted of 4-D-hydroxysphinganine as the sole long chain base, and the fatty acid consisted of predominantly tetracosanoic acid, deduced from both composition analysis and negative secondary ion mass spectrometry. The yield of glucosyl sulfatide was about 5 nmol/g of tissue, being about three times as much as that of lactosylceramide sulfate.

Animals↗