Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

N Hyldebrandt

Publications and source records attributed to N Hyldebrandt.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Blood pressure and cardiac structure in children with a parental history of hypertension: the Odense Schoolchild Study.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation between a parental history of hypertension and blood pressure and cardiac structure in children aged 8-10 years. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of a sample of children drawn from a population survey of coronary risk factors in children. SETTING: Odense, Denmark. SUBJECTS: Sixty-nine children of hypertensive parents (5.2% of the eligible population). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Physical fitness assessed by calculation of maximum oxygen uptake, blood pressure recorded by one blind observer and left ventricular structure determined by echocardiography. RESULTS: Children with a parental history of hypertension displayed a significant decrease in physical fitness and a significant increase in obesity and systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared with the rest of the population. After controlling for differences in body size and physical fitness, they also showed significantly higher levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Apart from a significant increase in thickness of the interventricular septum during systole, no significant differences in echocardiographic measures or indices could be demonstrated between children with a parental history of hypertension and a normotensive control group. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that a higher level of blood pressure in children with a parental history of hypertension is apparent before the age of 10 years.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1992

Left ventricular hypertrophy in children from the upper five percent of the blood pressure distribution--the Odense Schoolchild Study.

Left ventricular structural dimensions were assessed by echocardiography in a group of 64 children aged 9-11 years with a mean blood pressure at or above the 95th percentile (HC-group) and in a group of 66 children randomly selected from the rest of the population (NC-group). Children in the HC-group were heavier, more obese, and less fit. Parental history of hypertension was more frequent in the HC-group. Calculated left ventricular mass (LVM), and LVM corrected for body surface area (LVMI), were significantly greater in the HC-group and in boys. Repeated echocardiographic examination in 57 of the children following 8 months of physical training revealed significant increases in posterior wall thickness and the posterior-wall-thickness-to-radius ratio. LVM increased significantly in the NC-group. Neither physical fitness nor change in physical fitness contributed independently to the variability in LVM following the training period. In children aged 9-11 years at increased risk of developing essential hypertension left ventricular hypertrophy is present.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1991

A controlled study of eight months of physical training and reduction of blood pressure in children: the Odense schoolchild study.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of physical training on physical fitness and blood pressure in children aged 9-11 years. DESIGN: Prospective randomised controlled intervention study of a sample of children drawn from a population survey of coronary risk factors in children. SETTING: Odense, Denmark. SUBJECTS: 69 children with mean blood pressure greater than or equal to 95th centile (hypertensive group) and 68 with mean blood pressure less than 95th centile (normotensive group), randomly selected from a population of 1369 children. INTERVENTION: 67 children were randomised to receive three extra lessons a week of an ordinary school physical education programme for eight months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Physical fitness assessed by calculation of maximum oxygen uptake and blood pressure recorded by one unblinded observer. RESULTS: After three months neither blood pressure nor physical fitness had changed significantly. After adjustment for values in weight, height, heart rate, and the variable in question before training physical fitness rose significantly at the end of eight months' training, by 3.7 mlO2/kg/min (95% confidence interval 2.2 to 5.3) in the normotensive training subgroup and by 2.1 mlO2/kg/min (0.1 to 4.2) in the hypertensive training subgroup compared with that in the controls. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the training subgroups fell significantly by 6.5 mm Hg (3.2 to 9.9) and 4.1 mm Hg (1.7 to 6.6) respectively in the normotensive group and by 4.9 mm Hg (0.7 to 9.2) and 3.8 mm Hg (0.9 to 6.6) respectively in the hypertensive group. CONCLUSIONS: Physical training lowers blood pressure and improves physical fitness in children and might have implications for an important non-pharmacological approach to primary prevention of essential hypertension.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1990

Blood pressure distribution in a school-age population aged 8-10 years: the Odense Schoolchild Study.

This paper describes the distribution of systolic and diastolic blood pressures in a homogeneous population of 1330 schoolchildren (81% of the eligible population) aged 8-10 years in Odense, Denmark. A single blood pressure measurement was made. No significant difference in mean blood pressure between the sexes could be demonstrated. A significant age-related increase in systolic blood pressure of 4.4 mmHg/year and in diastolic blood pressure of 3.4 mmHg/year was observed. Weight and the heart rate were important determinants of blood pressure level. Other positive determinants were age and triceps skinfold thickness. There was a significant association between diastolic blood pressure and sexual maturation, which seemed to depend on body weight.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1990

Immunotherapy of tree pollen allergy with a modified alginate conjugated birch pollen extract compared to an aluminium adsorbed extract.

The safety and efficacy of two birch pollen extracts, one chemically conjugated to alginate (Anjuvac) the other adsorbed to aluminium hydroxide (Alutard), were investigated in an open multicentre comparative study of 63 birch pollen allergic patients. Both extracts decreased the nasal symptoms during the birch pollen season. The changes in specific IgE and IgG were much the same in both treatment groups. The adverse reactions recorded were mild in both groups, but more frequent in the Anjuvac group, probably because of a more aggressive dose schedule though there were twice as many asthmatics in the Anjuvac group. The two investigated allergen extracts were useful alternatives for immunotherapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Blood pressure and physical fitness in a population of children--the Odense Schoolchild Study.

This cross-sectional study examined the association between blood pressure and physical fitness in 1,369 children (81.5% of the eligible population) aged 8-10 years participating in the first phase of a primary intervention study with physical training. An inverse correlation between BP and physical fitness was demonstrated, and significant differences have been found between quartiles of distribution of physical fitness in girls with regard to systolic BP and in boys and girls with regard to diastolic BP respectively. Important determinants of physical fitness seemed to be dependent on confounding variables representing body mass index, height, heart rate and age. Our observations suggest that the contribution of confounding variables may explain the relationship between BP and physical fitness in childhood.

Aging↗
PubMed1989

A new approach to assessing maximal aerobic power in children: the Odense School Child Study.

In two experiments maximal aerobic power (VO2max) calculated from maximal mechanical power (Wmax) was evaluated in 39 children aged 9-11 years. A maximal multi-stage cycle ergometer exercise test was used with an increase in work load every 3 min. In the first experiment oxygen consumption was measured in 18 children during each of the prescribed work loads and a correction factor was calculated to estimate VO2max using the equation VO2max = 12.Wmax + 5.weight. An appropriate increase in work rate based on height was determined for boys (0.16 W.cm-1) and girls (0.15 W.cm-1) respectively. In the second experiment 21 children performed a maximal cycle ergometer exercise test twice. In addition to the procedure in the first experiment a similar exercise test was performed, but without measurement of oxygen uptake. Calculated VO2max correlated significantly (p less than 0.01) with those values measured in both boys (r = 0.90) and girls (r = 0.95) respectively, and the standard error of estimation for VO2max (calculated) on VO2max (measured) was less than 3.2%. Two expressions of relative work load (%VO2max and %Wmax) were established and found to be closely correlated. The relative work load in %VO2max could be predicted from the relative work load in %Wmax with an average standard error of 3.8%. The data demonstrate that calculated VO2max based on a maximal multi-stage exercise test provides an accurate and valid estimate of VO2max.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Exercise testing in children as a diagnostic tool of future hypertension: the Odense Schoolchild Study.

Systolic blood pressure response and double product (systolic blood pressure x heart rate) response to a progressive maximal exercise test were evaluated in two groups of children aged 8 to 10 years. One group (normal children, n = 68) consisted of children randomly selected from a subset of the population with a resting blood pressure below the 95th percentile, and the other group (high blood pressure, n = 64) included children with a resting blood pressure at or above the 95th percentile. A rise in systolic blood pressure and in the double product was observed during the ergometric performance in both boys and girls in the normal group, and a similar response was observed in the high blood pressure group. These results suggest that the blood pressure response to exercise in childhood gives no further information about the risk of developing hypertension than a blood pressure measurement at rest.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1976

Regional pulmonary blood flow in mitral disease studied by xenon radiospirometry.

Regional lung perfusion was measured in the sitting position by 4 external detectors after intravenous injection of 133Xe in 24 patients with mitral valve disease and in 8 people with no cardiopulmonary disease acting as normal controls. Right- and left-sided heart catheterization was carried out on the patients on the following day. Mitral valve stenosis was found in 9, mitral valve regurgitation in 8, and both stenosis and regurgitation in the remaining 7. Regional lung perfusion in the normal people fell linearly from the basal to the apical sections of the lungs. The perfusion distribution in patients with mitral valve disease and a pulmonary capillary vein (PCV) pressure lower than 15 mmHg (2-0 kPa) did not differ significantly from that of the controls. A redistribution of the regional perfusion, with an increase in the apical perfusion and a fall in the basal perfusion of the lungs, was seen in patients with a raised PCV pressure. The hyperperfusion of the apical lung sections correlated with the mean pressure in the pulmonary artery (r=+0-795, P less than 0-001), while the basal hypoperfusion correlated with the PCV pressure (r=0-842, P less than 0-001). The PCV pressure can be predicted with an exactitude of +/- 7 mmHg (0-9 kPa) (95% confidence limits). Neither the cardiac index nor the pulmonary vascular resistance correlated with the changes in perfusion. Xenon radiospirometry is a rapid and reliable method for evaluating PCV pressure before or after operation in patients with mitral valve disease.

Adult↗